Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Occupational Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Transients and Migrants ; Young Adult

Objective To study whether the measure of consumption of iodized salt to prevent iodine deficiency disorders could lead to residents excessive iodine intake in the coastal areas in China.Methods A large population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in four typical costal provinces along the coastline from north to south,including Liaoning,Shanghai,Zhejiang and Fujian.In addition to survey all of its area of Shanghai,the other three provinces' investigation was carried out at urban and rural levels,respectively,including 5 costal cities,5 costal villages and 3 inland rural areas(as a control point) in each province.In each investigated spot,the local water iodine,residents qualified iodized salt consumption rate,per capita daily intake of salt and urinary iodine levels in different populations were investigated.Results A total of 7552 copies of drinking water samples,7996 salt samples and 9873 urine samples of different populations(adults,lactating women,pregnant women and children) were collected from the 4 provinces.Except the coastal cities and counties of Zhejiang province,the qualified iodized salt consumption rates at household were all greater than 90％ in the investigated spots.The median urinary iodine(MUI) of adults and children investigated in the costal areas were in the range of 100 - 299μg/L.The MUIs of lactating women of all investigated areas were all greater than 100 μg/L.The MUI of pregnant women was at an insufficient iodine level which was lower than 150 μg/L in Shanghai,the costal cities of Zhejiang and the coastal counties of Fujian.Conclusions The overall level of iodine nutrition of coastal residents is appropriate; and it is insufficient among pregnant women in some coastal areas; coastal areas should adhere to the salt iodization measures to control iodine deficiency disorders.

AIM: To analyze the genotype of the allele distribution of a polymorphic G-954C within the 5 upstream promoter region of the nitric oxide synthetase 2A gene (NOS2A) in samples of diabetic retinopathy in patients with cystoid macular edema in the mainland of China.METHODS: Eighty-nine patients with diabetic retinopathy and cystoid macular edema and 90 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Nest polymerase chain reaction (PCR)was performed, and restriction endonudease digestion and gene fragments sequence were examined to detect the genotype of NOS24 G-954C.RESULTS: The genotypes of the sample population of 89 cases and 90 healthy controls were all detected as GG.CONCLUSION: The distribution of G-954C of NOS2A polymorphism are at a lower frequency in China, with little relevancy to the frequency of diabetic retinopathy combined with cystoid macular edema.

piRNA(Piwi-interacting RNA) is a novel class of small single strand RNA that were recently isolated from testes of the mammals, associate with PIWI proteins, and are organized into distinct genomic clusters. These RNAs are typically 30 nt long, strikingly different from microRNAs in their length, expression pattern, and genomic organization. piRNA has a role in RNA silencing via the formation of an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) with Piwi proteins, these piRNA complexes (piRCs) have been linked to transcriptional gene silencing of retrotransposons and other genetic elements in germ line cells, particularly those in spermatogenesis.Recent researches and progresses of piRNAs are reviewed.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystadenoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Diseases in Twins ; pathology ; surgery ; Epididymis ; pathology ; surgery ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemangioblastoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease ; pathology ; surgery

Objective Take alkaline ashing method as golden standard to explore the accuracy of chloric acid digestion method in determination of human milk iodine. Methods Sixty one breast milk samples collected in Hexi district of Tianjin was measured by the method for determination of iodine in foodstuff by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (referred to as the alkaline ashing method) published in 2008 and the method for determination of iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry(referred to as acid digestion) published in 1999, respectively. were highly correlated(r = 0.960, t = 26.3, P < 0.01), and the regression equation was (Y) = - 28.1 + 0.808X, in which X was independent variable, that is the results of alkaline ashing method; (Y) was dependent variable, that is the estimated data of chloric acid digestion method. The average difference of the results measured by the two methods was 68.3 μg/L, and the results from chloric acid digestion was 38.9% which lower than that of alkaline samples were diluted by 3,4 and 5-fold and then digested by chloric acid, the liquid clarification rates were 80.3% ashing and chloric acid digestion method were, respectively, 165.4, 110.0 μg/L. Conclusions Compared with alkaline ashing method, the results determined by chloric acid digestion method are significantly lower. It is suggested that there are systemic errors in chloric acid digestion method, which means that alkaline ashing method can not be replaced by the chloric acid digestion method.

In this study, daphnetin and its major metabolites in the intestinal wall of rats were identified by liquid chromatography and quatrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. Perfusion fluid of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were collected separately for 2 hours from the rat intestine following perfusion with daphnetin. The metabolites of daphnetin in the perfusion fluid of different intestine segments were analyzed by the liquid chromatography and quatrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. It is shown that the parent drug daphnetin and four metabolites were found in the perfusion fluid of duodenum, jejunum and ileum. However, no metabolites were found in the colon. Among the four metabolites, two daphnetin sulfates (m/z 257) were first discovered as the phase II metabolites of daphnetin in rats, which revealed a new way of daphnetin metabolism in rats.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Colon ; metabolism ; Duodenum ; metabolism ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Jejunum ; metabolism ; Male ; Perfusion ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Umbelliferones ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics

Diastole ; physiology ; Exercise ; physiology ; Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Systole ; physiology ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) protein can mediate the active radioiodine uptake. The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter is known to be selectively reactivated in majority of tumors and hence could be used for tumor targeting. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus containing the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene directed by the hTERT promoter, characterized the ability of infected cells in uptaking iodide, and explored the therapeutic efficacy of (131)I in a lung cancer cell line in vitro.

METHODSThe hTERT promoter was amplified by PCR from DNA isolated from log-phase HepG2 cells, subcloned into lineralized FL*-hNIS/pcDNA3, and then the hTERT-hNIS sequence was subcloned into the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack. The recombinant adenovirus Ad-hTERT-hNIS was constructed by AdEasy system. A positive control adenovirus Ad-CMV-hNIS and a negative control adenovirus Ad-CMV were created similarly. A549 cells were transduced with recombinant adenoviruses. (125)I uptake studies and sodium perchlorate suppression studies were used to confirm hNIS expression and function. Toxic effects of (131)I on tumor cells were studied by in vitro clonogenic assay.

RESULTSWe first successfully constructed an adenovirus mediated transgene expression system of the hNIS under the control of hTERT promoter. When infected with recombinant adenovirus constructs expressing hNIS directed by hTERT- and CMV-promoters (Ad-hTERT-hNIS and Ad-CMV-hNIS, respectively), the lung cancer cell line A549 had increased ability to uptake radioiodide up to 23- and 30-fold compared to the control parental cells, respectively. The radioiodide uptake ability of both the Ad-CMV-hNIS and Ad-hTERT-hNIS transduced cell lines were repressed 11-fold by sodium perchlorate (NaClO4). The subsequent in vitro clonogenic assay of the infected A549 cell line was further repressed to 23% (Ad-CMV-hNIS) and 30% (Ad-hTERT-hNIS) of the control group after receiving radioiodide for 7 hours (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONOur preliminary study indicates that an adenovirus mediated transgene expression system of the hNIS under the control of hTERT promoter has the potential to become an effective wide-spectrum yet highly specific anti-cancer strategy.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; therapy ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Symporters ; genetics ; Telomerase ; genetics ; Transgenes ; genetics