Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome

In order to investigate the mutation of HBV polymerase gene reverse transcription conserved region (P region) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 212 CHB patients who took antiretroviral treatment with nucleotide analogues were chosen. The drug resistance mutations of HBV P region and HBV genotype were detected by Pyrosequencing. Sequence analysis showed that the drug resistance sites of HBV P region located at sites 173; 180; 181; 184; 204; 236 and 250. The main site of HBV P region drug resistance was 204 and 180, accounting for 35.8% and 23.5%, respectively. There were significant differences in the mutation rate of site 180 among different age groups. There were also significant differences in the mutation rate of site 204 among younger than 30 age group, 41 to 50 age group and 51 to 60 age group. (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The mutation rate of site 180 combined with site 204 was 66.6%. The mutation rate of site 181 combined with site 236 was 23.3%. The age of C genotype infected patients was significantly older than B genotype infected patients (P < 0.01). M204V/I mutation mostly existed in the form of joint L180M mutation, the mutation rate was age-related. The detection of HBV genotypes and drug resistance sites of HBV P region have important clinical implications for the treatment and prognosis of patients with CHB.
Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; Gene Products, pol ; genetics ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation, Missense ; Young Adult

Cardiovascular Diseases ; prevention & control ; China ; Humans

Radioimmunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies incorporated with radionuclide has been showed to be an effective agent for refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Many anti-CD20 antibodies labeled with radionuclide, such as 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) and 131I-tositumomab tiuxetan (Bexxar), have been reported to be effective for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory low-grade, follicular, or transformed NHL. This review summarizes the current advance in clinical trials and studies of Zevalin and Bexxar for the treatment of NHL patients.

BACKGROUND:Several studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) inhibit the proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes, exerting a role of negative immunological regulation. OBJECTIVE: To induce rat BMSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells in vitro using all-trans retinoic acid and to investigate the effects of differentiated cells on T lymphocyte proliferation.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A cytological in vitro observation was performed in Guangdong Medical College in March 2008.MATERIALS: Two male 4-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were provided by the Laboratory Animal Center of Guangdong Medical College. Fresh healthy human blood was provided by the Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Medical College. METHODS: Rat BMSCs were isolated by adherent method and were passaged in vitro. Cells of passage 5 were pre-induced with Low glucose-dulbecco's modified eagle's medium (LG-DMEM) containing 0.3 mg/L all-trans retinoic acid and 10% fetal bovine serum. Twenty-four hours later, aforementioned LG-DMEM was discarded and LG-DMEM containing 0.6 mg/L all-trans retinoic acid was added to induce cells differentiation into neuron-like cells. Fresh healthy human blood was taken to prepare responding cells. Rat BMSCs, as stimulator cells, were included for one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction. Four groups were designated. Control group: 100 μL of responding cells at a concentration of 1×109/L; Experimental group 1:1×104 neuron-like cells + 100 μL of responding cells; Experimental group 2:1×105 neuron-like cells + 100 μL of responding cells; Experimental group 3:1×106 neuron-like cells + 100 μL of responding cells.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphological observation of induce-differentiated cells, identification of nerve cells, and one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction results.RESULTS: Fifty minutes after addition of inducing medium, under the optical microscope, BMSCs exhibited a typical morphology of perikaryon. Three hours later, most of cells became into bipolar or multipolar neuron-like cell appearance with cell bodies and processes. Immunocytochemical staining results showed that majority of cells exhibited neuron specific enolase- and nestin-positive expression and glial fibrillary acidic protein-negative expression. Compared with the control group, radionuclide counts per minute were significantly reduced in each experimental group (P<0.05). There was significant difference in radionuclide counts per minute between experimental groups (P<0.05). With increasing BMSCs amount, the inhibitory effects on T lymphocyte proliferation were more evident.CONCLUSION: AII-trans retinoic acid can induce neuron-like cell differentiation of rat BMSCs in vitro. The neuron-like cells can inhibit human T lymphocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To explore the effect of fosinopril on plasma biomarkers of endothelial cell in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension. Methods Fourty-two patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension were treated with fosinopril (10～20)mg/d for 6 months. Twenty-four matched healthy people were selected as control. Before treatment and after 6 months of treatment,thromodulin (Tm),von willebrand factor and nitric oxide (NO) as well as systolic pressure (SBP) and diastolic pressure (DBP) were detected. The reactive congestion and nitroglycerin-induced dilation of the right brachial artery were assayed with high-resolution ultrasound. Results After 6 months of treatment in all patients,diameters of brachial artery after taking glyceryl trinitrate showed no change markedly,but the plasma levels of Tm and vW factor were decreased and NO was increased obviously than those before treatment. The diameter of brachial artery in responding to reactive hyperaemia was improved greatly and the SBP & DBP were all decreased obviously than those before the treatment. Concusion Fosinopril effectively reduces blood pressure and the endothelial-dependent vasodilatation companied with decrease of the plasma Tm & vW factor and increase of the plasma NO in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension.

In recent years, there is much debate on how much cholesterol should be taken in with diet. This article reviews the dietary guidelines, recommendations, and strategies of some national and international organizations since the mid-20th century. The dietary cholesterol was systematically combed and interpreted on its intake for the general population and special population. We would like to help the professionals and public better understand the meaning of the guidelines, to eliminate the misunderstanding of dietary cholesterol and to establish the correct concept of healthy eating pattern.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is a non-invasive optical brain function detection technology,which can do multi-point measurement of changes on cerebral cortical area corresponding to the oxygenation of the blood hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration,and then reflect the state of brain cortex function.Its greatest advantage is to allow the subjects head moving in a certain range,especially suitable for children.At present this technology could be applied to clinical pediatric,such as epilepsy,autism,attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,neonatal disease,neurosurgery and cardiovascular surgery,etc.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology will have more applications in the field of research on brain function.

A case of mandible plasma cell myeloma is reported.Plasma cell myeloma is a monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells of bone-marrow derivation,usually multi-centric but jaw bones are rarely involved.The treatment requires precise pathological diagno-sis.The prognosis of solitary jaw bone lesions can be good after treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of different methods of endotracheal catheter cuff inflation on cuff pressure and tracheal mucosal damage postoperatively .Methods 120 patients undergoing gynecological tumorectomy as a selective operation with general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups with different methods of cuff inflation :finger kneading method ,spe-cialized cuff pressure meter ,and minimum closing volume method .The cuff pressure were measured by specialized cuff pressure gauge and the tracheal mucous membrane was examined by fibrolaryngoscope at the time of withdrawal of endotracheal tube .The cuff pressure and the tracheal mucosal change with different cuff inflation methods were compared .Results The average cuff pres-sure with finger kneading method(49 ± 11 .8 cm H2 O)was obviously higher than specialized cuff pressure meter group (27 ± 1 .5 cm H2O)and minimum closing volume method group(25 ± 2 .1 cm H2O) .The incidence of tracheal mucosal damage was obviously higher in the group with finger kneading method(87 .5% ) than other groups(20 .0% and 15 .0% respectively) .There were no obvi-ous differences in the incidence of tracheal mucosal damage between the rest two groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The cuff pressure in the finger kneading method was higher than the permitted value and it make the incidence of tracheal mucosal damage increase . The cuff inflation with specialized cuff pressure meter and minimum closing volume method can make the cuff pressure properly a-mong the permitted value and decrease the complications related to endotracheal intubation .