Ventilator is broadly used in the hospital all over the world,The paper describes three case of common troubles in clinical practice for Bird-brand ventilator and its troubleshooting.

The construction of traditional theory of Chinese herbalism cannot do without the accumulated understanding of herb effect in clinical practice.Meanwhile,it closely relates to the natural history of using different theories of herb property to explain effect and mechanism at different stages.The compilation of Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor 《(黄帝内经》) and Shennong Bencao Jing 《神农本草经》) represent the initial formation of traditional herbalism in Chinese medicine.These two books have a relatively complete description of property and effects of herbs,but with different focus of concerning.After Shennong Bencao Jing,explaining the effect from property of herbs gradually become the developing trend and basic characteristics of herbalism.During the Ming-Qing Dynasties,publication of a large number of herbal annotation works further highlights this feature.

Objective To construct a yeast two-hybrid recombinant bait plasmid of human programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)immunoglobulin variable region(IgV)domain gene,detect its expression in yeast and detect the cytotoxicity and self-activation of PD-L1 IgV protein as well as the interaction between PD-L1 IgV and human thioredoxin(hTrx).Methods Human PD-L1 was analyzed by bioinformatics method,and primers were designed to amplify PD-L1 IgV domain based on the coding region of PD-L1 gene registered in NCBI GenBank database. PCR amplification was carried out with pENTERPD-L1 plasmid as template,and then cloned into yeast two-hybrid bait vector pGBKT7. The recombinant bait plasmid and pGBKT7 empty vector were transformed into Y2HGold yeast cells respectively,and the PD-L1 IgV gene and its expression were detected by PCR and Western blot;Meanwhile,the protein toxicity and self-activation of PD-L1 IgV were detected,and the interaction between PD-L1 IgV and hTrx was detected by drip plate method.Results The bioinformatics analysis results of PD-L1 were consistent with related reports. The recombinant bait plasmid pGBKT7-PD-L1 IgV was correctly constructed,and Y2HGold positive clone was obtained,in which PD-L1 IgV was stably expressed. The empty vector pGBKT7 and recombinant bait plasmid pGBKT7-PD-L1 IgV grew well on SD/-Trp and SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal plates with the same colony size and number and white colony,but they did not grow on SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal/AbA plates,which indicated that PD-L1 IgV protein had no toxicity and no self-activation effect on yeast. The results of drip plates test showed that all experimental groups grew well on SD/-Trp/-Leu plate,while only positive control group grew on SD/-Trp/-Leu/X-α-Gal/AbA plate and showed blue color,which indicated that bait protein PD-L1 IgV and hTrx did not self-activate,and there was no interaction between them.Conclusion Recombinant human PD-L1 IgV bait plasmid was successfully constructed. PD-L1 IgV protein showed no toxicity and self-activation effect on yeast cells,and there was no interaction between PD-L1 IgV and hTrx. Subsequently,hTrx can be used to construct a peptide aptamer library,from which peptide aptamers that specifically bind to PD-L1 IgV can be screened.

BACKGROUND:In the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty is a common treatment, but there are some shortcomings in the traditional operation, which maylead to early failure of the prosthesis.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the difference of computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach from the traditional total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS:A total of 79 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into control group (41 cases) and observation group (38 cases), which underwent conventional total knee arthroplasty and computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach. Surgical incision, operation time, total blood loss and drainage volume were recorded and compared in both groups. In 12 months of folow-up, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was evaluated, and the complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Operative incision was significantly less in the observation group than in the control group. Operation time was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Total blood loss and drainage volume were significantly lessin the observation group than in the control group (alP< 0.05). (2) Patients in both groups were folowed up for 12 months. Index score and total score of knee function were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (al P< 0.05). (3) No adverse events such as infection, prosthesis loosening or fracture appeared in the observation group. In the control group, four cases affected prosthesis loosening. One case suffered from wound infection. Above events were improved obviously after active treatment. No serious complications occurred. The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05). (4) The results show that, compared with the traditional operation, the choice of the femoral medial approach and the use of computer aided design technology can simulate the knee replacement process, set the cutting position, improve the accuracy and success rate of surgery, have less trauma, and effectively improve knee function, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

BACKGROUND: Fiber post is widely used in front teeth aesthetic repair, but some defect teeth cannot form ferrule or thick root canal, which resulted in fiber post prosthetic replacement defluxion and a failure of repair. Presently, new-style resin cement had self sticking component, showing good effects in sticking of fiber post. Whether combination of new-style resin cement can repair affected teeth using fiber post deserves further investigation.OBJECTIVE: Through fatigue test, residual flexural strength and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation to compare the strength of severely weakened roots restored with three resin cements. METHODS: Eighteen intact maxillary central incisors were collected and formed to severely weakened canals at the same size. Three kinds of resin cements were used to restore. Rely X Unicem, Panavia F and Super-Bond C&B resin cement and identical glass fiber post were used. All the specimens were restored using Ni-Cr ceramic crown, and placed on TCML chewing machine that loaded 1 200 000 cycle forces, and the cycle times when failure occurred were recorded. The samples were intact following loading received residual flexural strength testl SEM was employed to observe breakage surface of the samples. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mean cyclic loading was significantly greater in the Super-Bond C&B Group (1 200 000 times) than in the Relyx Unicem Group (640 000 times) and Panavia F Group (550 000 times) (P< 0.05). No significant difference was detected between the Rely X Unicem and Panavia F Groups. Residual flexural strength was 747.99 N in the Super-Bond C&B Group. SEM demonstrated that Super-Bond C&B formed longer resin processes, which were more than other two groups. Results confirmed that Super-Bond C&B demonstrated better results when restoring flared roots with prefabricated glass fiber posts.

Objective To study the relationship between coagulation abnormal and inflammatory in the TNBS induced rats colitis model as well as the therapeutic effect of heparin on this model Methods Forty SD-rats were separated into 4 groups randomly, including normal control group, colitis group, heparin group and SASP group. PT, APTT and the activity of antithrombin (AT)were chosen as indexs of coagulation. The level of damage ancl inflammatory state of the colitis rats were assessed by macroscopical score, histological score and the level of TNFα in each group. Results Compared with normal control group, TNBS induced colitis group has a shorter PT [(14.83±0.45)s vs(16.68±1.08 )s, P < 0.05] and APTT[(12.49±1.30)s vs(29.06±1.60) s, P<0.05] and a lower activity level of AT [(111.33± 8.50)% vs(122.13±3.52)%,P<0.05]. In heparin group, PT, APTT were prolonged [PT: (17.83± 0.78)s vs (14.83±0.45)s,P<0.05, APTT:(53.34±9.49)s vs (12.49±1.30)s,P<0.05] and AT activity was higher than colitis group [(131.67±6.92)% vs (111.33±8.50) %, P < 0.05]. SASP group has a similar data in PT, APTT compared with colitis group and no statistical significance(P>0.05). The activity of AT in SASP group is higher than in colitis group [(122. 33±5.82)% vs (111.33±8.50)%,P <0.05]. The heparin therapy group showed lower macroscopical score(2.50±0.55 vs 4.75±1.16, P< 0.05), histological scores(3.83±0.41 vs 7.75±1.04, P<0.05) and the level of TNFα[(84.75± 18.03) ng/L vs (149.93±23.52)ng/L, P < 0.05] compared with the colitis group. Conclusion Coagulation was abnormality in the rat colitis model induced by TNBS; heparin therapy is effective in the colitis model It seemed that the abnormality of coagulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the rat colitis model.

Objective To evaluated the treatment results of late course accelerated fractionation radiotherapy for Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods 100 patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma were randomized into two groups. The late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combine chemotherapy group(LCAF+CT group) received the induction chemotherapy for two cycles, followed by conventional fractionation radiotherapy to a dose 40 Gy, than changed into accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 Gy, and use two cycles adjuvant chemotherapy, The conventional fractionation radiotherapy combine chemotherapy group(CF+CT group) received the chemotherapy that it similar to the LCAF+CT group, and use the conventional fractionation radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 Gy. Results The 3- and 5-year overall survival rate were 70.0% and 62.0% respectively in LCAF+CT group and 58.0 % and 46.0 % respectively in CF+CT group, had the significant difference (P 0.05). There were the cranial nerves complications in two patients of LCAF+CT group. Conclusions The results from this study show that the 3- and 5-year overall survival rate, the 3- and 5-year disease free survival rate and the 3- and 5-year local-regional free survival rate in LCAF+CT group was significant better than in CF+CT group, but the radiation-induced damage to the cranial nerves was improved in LCAF+CT group.

Probiotcs are viable organisms or bacterial meal replenishers that do good to our body.They have multiple functions like improving internal gut environment,reinforcing immunity,antitumors,and are more and more widely used in clinical studies to cure some diseases,such as IBD,pouchitis,infective diarrhea and so on.This review is about the new progress in the acting mechanism and clinical application of probiotics.

Aim To establish the metho d of precise lung slicing and examine the validity of neutral red(NR) assay for measuring lung slices viability.Method Inflated with 1% low melting agaro se solution, lung lobes were cut into slices by shaking microtome. With the thic kness of 400,500,600,700 ?m,lung slices were cultured in medium pH 6.8,7 .0,7.2, 7.4, respectively. After 1 h pre-incubation, lung slices were cont inuously submerged in 24-well plate, incubated for 0,2,4,6 h,respectively. NR assay, MTT assay, LDH leakage and SOD activity were used to assess the slices viability under different slices thickness, medium pH and culturing time. Result When the slice thickness was 600 ?m and medium pH was 7.0, t he viability of slices maintained best and steady for 6 h. There were positive c orrelations between NR uptake and MTT reduction in slices under different thickn ess(r 1 = 0.91, P

Background Recent research showed that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) plays critical role in mediating inflammation,metastasis of tumour and neovascularization of tumour.However,There is still no report about the research of the effects of SDF-1 on alkali-burn-induced corneal neovascularization (CNV).Objective The aim of this study attempts to investigate the role of SDF-1 and chemokine receptor CXCR4 in alkali-induced corneal neovascularization in mice.Methods Alkali-induced-corneal neovascularization animal models were constructed of in 15 eyes of 15 clean C57/BL mice by placing the filter paper with 1 mol/L NaOH to the central cornea for 10 seconds.The animals were sacrificed and specimens of cornea were obtained in 3,7,14 days after alkali burn of cornea.The expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 protein in the corneal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot,and expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).Results SDF-1 was absent expressed and CXCR4 was faintly stained in normal cornea.The expression level of SDF-1 and CXCR4 was significantly enhanced in different time points after alkali burn in comparison with normal control mice by RT-PCR(P＜0.05),and the same trend was seen in the expression level of SDF-1 and CXCR4 proteins by Western blot (P＜0.05).The expression level of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in cornea peaked in the seventh day and began to decline in the fourteenth day but was still higher than normal level.Conclusion The study indicates that SDF-1/CXCR4 plays an important role in the formation of corneal new vessel in alkali-burn-induced animal model.