Hypertension in elderly patients is a common and frequent disease which could cause stroke, heart failure and renal dysfunction. The pathogenesis of hypertension in the elderly is different from that in the young and middle-aged people, and its clinical characteristics including frequent isolated systolic hypertension, variable blood pressure, high pulse pressure, multiple complications, serious target organ damage, and so on. High prevalence, disability and mortality rates and low awareness, treatment and control rates are prominent phenomena in the elderly patients with hypertension, bringing many difficulties for clinical treatment. Presently, drug therapies for elderly patients mainly include Western medicine (WM), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. WM therapy has superiority in lowering blood pressure intensively with clear mechanism, but has more adverse reactions. The effects of TCM therapy are multilinked, and TCM is good at reducing side effects and improving symptoms, but TCM preparation falls behind and its hypotensive effects are weak and slow. Furthermore, more multicenter, randomized, controlled and double-blinded clinical trials with large sample are needed to identify the effects of TCM therapy. Based on combination of TCM syndrome differentiation and WM disease differentiation, treatment programs of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine would take advantages of both TCM and WM treatment modalities, and are worthy of being studied in the future.

Objective] Inquire Sun Simiao’s arthralgia syndrome related theory and drug laws in Essential Recipes for Emergent Use, with a view to a more comprehensive understanding of arthralgia to broaden the train of thought, improve the clinical efficacy. [Methods] Read Essential Recipes for Emergent Use book, combined with knowledge of Chinese medicine, to study involved arthralgia syndrome theory and relevant prescriptions and drugs for statistical summary. [Results] Sun Simiao believed arthromyodynia causes included three cold wet gas, kidney, heat etc. The use of medicine in treatment of arthralgia syndrome of wind;pay attention to helping Yang deficiency. Arthromyodynia for different symptoms and disease drug use had their own unique experience. [Conclusion] Sun Simiao’s Essential Recipes for Emergent Use content is rich, extensive and profound, its treatment of Bi syndrome has quite academic value, today, the therapeutic theory for treatment of clinical syndrome has still an important guiding significance.

Melanoma-associated antigen MAGE-A3 is expressed in various types of tumors,but not in normal cells except testis and placenta.MAGE-A3 can be presented by both HLA class I and HLA class II molecules after being processed into antigen peptide.MAGE-A3 has recently been widely used in the diagnosis and immunotherapy of tumors.This article reviews the applications of MAGE-A3 in the diagnosis and immunotherapy of tumors.

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Methylene Chloride ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To study the effect of Chinese medicine Guben Qufeng prescription in treating guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis (AR) and its reaction on histopathology. Method Ninety guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Xinqin particles and the Chinese medicine group. Sensitized to ovalbumin excitation caused guinea pig model of AR were given Guben Qufeng prescription and Xinqin particles. Histopathological changes were observed after treatment. Result The nasal inflammatory cell infiltration and edema, hyperemia of TCM treatment group significantly lower than the model group (P

Objective To summarize the experience in diagnosis,prention and management of right accessory hepatic duct(AHD)injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Method The clini-cal data of 8 patients with AHD injury during LC diagnosed and managed retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 8 patients, 5 patients were found during LC,3 patients were found after LC.Management were ad follow:5 patients with the diameter of the AHD smaller than 3.0 mm were ligated,1 patient with the diameter of 5.0 mm were reconstructed,1 patient with the diameter of 3.0 mm,but the AHD connected with other bile duct in vicinal epaticlobes,were ligated.These 7 patients,with the injured AHD ligated or re-constructed,were followed up for 6 months to 5 years and showed good results.The another who did not be found during LC and not be managed appropriately,arose serious bile leakage and infection for a long time,underwent drainage operations for 3 times,cured after haft year.No death in all patients.Conclusions Correct operative rules should be obeyed strictly in LC,and keep the exist of AHD under close guard,if AHD injury occurred,LC should turn to open surgery immediately,early finding of the injury and managing appropriately is the key to achieve successful result.

AIM: To prepare flexible nanoliposomes made from active ingredients,phillyrin and volatile oil,from forsythia suspense and study their transdermal delivery system.METHODS: Flexible nanolipsomes of phill-yrin(WN group) and phillyrin in combination with forsythia volatile oil(OWN group) were prepared by the meth-od of membrane-dispersion.Its appearance and particle sizes were measured.Transdermal experiments were carried out on the modified Franz diffusion pool through in vitro mouse skin.HPLC was applied to determining the phillyrin content to compare transdermal rate and cumulative permeation amount of various flexible nanoliposomes.RESULTS: The particle size of the WN group was(180.7 ? 13.69)nm,the Zata potential was-48.8 mV,the average encapsulation percentage was(82.53 ? 2.68)%;the particle size of the OWN group was(212.3 ? 15.31)nm,Zata potential was-51.2 mV,the average encapsulation percentage was(70.49 ? 1.06)%.The accu-mulated permeation amount of the OWN group in 8 hours was(291.92 ? 23.22) ?g/cm2,its transdermal permea-bility in 8 hours was 36.49 ?g/(cm2.h),which was 6.10 folds that of the WS group and 1.92 folds that of the WN group.This difference had statistical significance(P

OBJECTIVEThis study evaluates piezosurgery for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) under local anesthesia.

METHODSSARME was performed on adults with maxillary transverse deficiency under local anesthesia with a piezosurgical device. Fourteen patients (six males and eight females) underwent lateral maxillary osteotomies, midpalatal osteotomies, and bilateral pterygomaxillary disjunction. The feelings of patients during the operation were determined through questionnaires.

RESULTSAll patients underwent SARME in the out-patient operating room. The surgical procedures were completed under local anesthesia. All patients exhibited satisfactory tolerance. Ultrasonic bone-cutting surgery was recently introduced as a feasible alternative to the conventional tools of cranio-maxillofacial surgery for its technical characteristics of precision and safety. The device used was unique in that cutting action occurred when the tool was employed on mineralized tissues, but stoped on soft tissues. The results of the questionnaires showed that eight (57.14%) patients felt a mild sensation of ultrasonic vibration, tweleve (85.7 1%) felt mild tolerable pain and tooth soreness during surgery, and eleven (78.57%) felt little fear and hardly heard the ultrasonic sound. Preoperative and postoperative six months later measurements showed an evident effect of expansion.

CONCLUSIONPiezosurgery enabled patients to undergo all the steps of SARME under local anesthesia, but more cases and longer follow-up are needed to verif ' the results.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of intramuscular Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection on spasticity of lower limb, walking and activities of daily living (ADL) after stroke. Methods13 patients with spasticity on lower limb were injected intramuscularly with BTX-A, and assessed with Composite Spasticity Scale (CSS), step length and gait velocity, and Barthel index (BI) before and 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment. ResultsThe scores of CSS and BI significantly improved after treatment (P<0.05). There was some improvement in step length and gait velocity, but not significant (P>0.05). All the improvement appeared 1 week after injection and lasted to the 12th week. ConclusionLocal intramuscular BTX-A injection can reduce the spasticity on lower limb and improve ADL.

Objective To study the effect of Tanshinone ⅡA(Tan ⅡA) on the contents of nitrous oxide(NO) and the activities of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and immunologic NOS(iNOS) following cerebral ischemia reperfusion(I/R)injury in rats.Methods 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,which were sham group,I/R group,low dosage Tan ⅡA treated group and high dosage Tan ⅡA treated group.The focal middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) model was made.Rats were pretreated with Tan ⅡA for 3 d respectively before MCAO.After 90 min MCAO following 24 h of reperfusion,HE staining was investigated.The contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS were also investigated.Results The change of ischemic impairment in low or high dosage Tan ⅡA treated group was lighter than that of I/R group,and high dosage Tan ⅡA treated group was lighter than that of low dosage Tan ⅡA treated group.Compared with the sham group,the contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS increased in the ischemic territory(P<0.05).Compared with I/R group,low and high dose Tan ⅡA treated group reduced the contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS dose-dependently(P<0.05).Conclusion Tan ⅡA may reduced cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injure by reducing the contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS dose-dependently.