Objective To explore the fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases and put forward nursing countermeasures.Methods 173 patients with rheumatic diseases were investigated by Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS).Results The score of physical fatigue,mental fatigue and total score in the patients were 5.03±2.19,2.62±1.56,7.65±3.03,respectively,which were higher than those in healthy people (P＜ 0.01).Of the 173 patients,74 (42.8％) patients suffered from physical fatigue,52 (30.1％) patients suffered from mental fatigue,32 (18.5％) patients suffered from both.There were statistical differences in the physical fatigue and total score (P ＜ 0.01),no statistical difference in the mental fatigue (P ＞ 0.05) among the groups,which were divided according to the course of disease.There were statistical differences in the physical fatigue,mental fatigue and total score among the groups,which were divided according to the depression index (F=5.28,5.98,8.58,P ＜ 0.01).The regression analysis further showed the course of disease and depression index could positively predict the fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases.Conclusions The prevalence of fatigue was high in patients with rheumatic diseases,the course of disease and depression influenced the fatigue in patients.Controlling deterioration of disease and relieving psychological stress would help prevent and alleviate the fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases.

To evaluate percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) with continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions in intensive care unit (ICU) elder patients.A total of 32 elder patients were selected randomly for PDT and 36 controls for traditional surgical tracheostomy (TST).The PDT group required regular mechanical ventilation with continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions.The operative duration was significantly shorter in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 10.6 ±3.4)vs.(30.9 ±7.1)min,P ＜0.01].Incision length was significantly less in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 1.3 ± 0.2 ) vs.(3.2 ± 0.3 )cm,P ＜0.01].Blood loss volume was significantly less in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 10.4 ±3.8 ) vs.(40.7 ± 11.7 ) ml,P ＜ 0.01].The incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) was significantly lower in PDT group than that in TST group ( 15.6％ vs.38.9％,P ＜ 0.05 ).With multiple advantages of mini-invasiveness,safety,simplicity,convenience and easier installation,PDT is quite suitable for elder patients in ICU.

AIM:To investigate LPS(lipopolysaccharide)stimulated cytokine secretion from normal rat kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS: Kupffer cells were isolated from wistar rats liver and cultured. Tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF- α) and endothelin- 1 (ET- 1 ) secreted by LPS stimulated kupffer cells were detected. RESULTS: LPS had an stimulative effect on kupffer cell activity. LPS in definite concentrations promoted kupffer cell secretion. CONCLUSION: LPS promotes kupffer cell secretion, which may be associated with liver injury induced by LPS.

Emodin is the main effective monomer of Rhubarb, which has a variety of pharmacological actions and valuable clinical applications.Recently, there are many reports about molecular mechanisms of emodin pharmacological actions,and they givehighly attention on the dephlogisticating and antineoplastic effects. These effects are achieved through affecting the concentration and transportation of ions, resisting of oxidation and free radical, and affecting the secretion of inflammatory factor and the enzyme activity and apoptosis and so on. This article summarizes the reports and hopes to provide theoretical basis for the practical application.

Cellular signal transduction plays an important role in pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia reperfusion(MIR) injury. During this process, extracellular signal molecules, membrance receptors and intracellular signal paths are involved. There are many cross talkings in signal pathways at many levels. The present article reviews cellular signal transduction mechanisms in MIR. The exploration of MIR's cellular pathogenesis may be beneficial for us to prevent and cure the heart damage in clinic. Furthermore, it may provide a new way of thinking in mechanism research of medicine.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous ibandronale in treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Methods One hundred and fifty-three glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis patients were randomly divided into three groups: (1)control group (C group, 49 patients). (2) ibandronate group (1 group, 52 patients): Patients received intraveous injection of ibandronate (2 mg)once three mouths. (3)alfacaleidol group (R group, 52 patients): 0.25 ?g Rocaltrol once a day for six months. Each patient of the three groups received a daily 600 mg calcium supplement for six months. The efficacy was assessed by determining the subsequent change in bone mass density (BMD) of lumbar spine and femoral neck, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP). Results (1) At the end of the trial, there was a significant increase of BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck in I group and R group compared with the C group (P

Aim To explore the effects of Shuangshen tongguan(SSTG) drug serum on Calcium-Calmodulin(CaM)-Calcium/CaM dependent kinaseⅡsignal system in cardiomyocytes injury induced by hypoxia and reoxgyenization.Methods The cardiomyocytes were deprived of oxygen and glucose to mimic hypoxia reoxygenation injury.Intracellular calcium concentration,calmodulin(CaM) and calcium/calmodulin dependent kinaseⅡ?(CaMPKⅡ?) mRNA were measured by fluorospectrophotometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)respectively.Results After hypoxia/reoxygenation,intracellular calcium concentration,CaM and CaMPKⅡ? expression were enhanced(P

The compounds were isolated from Aoonitum coreanum (Lev1.) Rapaics and identificd by TLC, IR, MS and NMR, as ?-sitosterol (Ⅰ), daucosterol (Ⅱ), Guan-Fu base A (Ⅲ),GuanFu bas. G (Ⅳ), condelphine (Ⅴ), Guan-Fu base Ⅰ (Ⅵ), hetisinone (Ⅶ), isoatisinum chloride (Ⅷ), atisinum chloride (Ⅸ), and Guan-Fu base z (Ⅹ) from the root. Compounds Ⅲ and Ⅸ were also found in the aerial parts of the plant. compounds Ⅱ, Ⅴ, Ⅶ and Ⅷ were obtained for the first time from this plant. Most of them exhibited antiarrhythmic activlty.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its receptors may be the pivotal stimulants in the process of growth and metastasis of a neoplasm. They boost the genesis of the blood vessels of brain glioma. Their expression is correlated with the grading of glioma. They are ideal targets in the treatment of inhibiting the growth of the blood vessels of brain glioma.