Objective To explore the experience of surgical treatment for appendiceal carcinoid.MethodsThe clinical data of 12 appendiceal carcinoid cases received surgery were retrospectively studied.ResultsPreoperatively,all the 12 cases were considered as appendicitis.The definite diagnosis was verified by pathologic study postoperatively.Among the 12 cases, tumors less than 1 cm 9 cases, between 1 cm to 2cm 2cases, but without serosal involvment or lymph node metastasis(2 cases) recieved simple appendectomy.One case with a tumor larger than 2cm and serosal involvment underwent fight hemicolectomy.ConclusionOwing to its lack of specific symptoms,the diagnosis of appendiceal carcinoid was usually reached after operation.The choice of surgical procedures should based on the size and depth of invasion of the tumor and lymph node metastasis status.

Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) is originated from colorectal neuroendocrine cells.The incidence of colorectal NEN is low,however it has been increasing in recent years.As the research work has gone further,WHO has graded colorectal NEN to neuroendocrine tumor,neuroendocrine carcinoma,mixed gland-neuroendocrine carcinoma and hyperplastic and pre-neoplastic lesions.Although colorectal NEN cells can produce hormones and have endocrine functions,the clinical symptoms may not be shown.The diagnosis and treatment for colorectal NEN are different according to different classifications and stages.

Objective To research the optimal preparation technology of salinomycin micelle.Methods DSPE-PEG2000 was selected as the carrier.Salinomycin was selected as the model drug.The film dispersion method, the ethanol injection method and the dialysis method were used to prepare salinomycin micelles respectively.The comprehensive evaluation indexes included entrapment rate and drug-loading rate, release capacity and vitro cytotoxicity test in order to select the most suitable preparation technology of salinomycin micelle .Results The film dispersion method is the most suitable preparation technology of salinomycin micelle in the three methods.Its average grain diameter was (14 ±2.3) nm, entrapment rate was (82 ± 2.6)%, drug-loading rate was (6.3 ±2.1)%, IC50 to HepG2 tumor cells was 16.10 ±3.71.Conclusion The film dispersion method of salinomycin micelles has the advantages with the smallest size, the highest entrapment rate and the largest drug-loading rate, which has the function to kill tunmor cells and release slowly.

The initial definition of stress and its development were briefly retrospected with elucidating the significance of stress in life sciences study. Stress is involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Description of the advances focusing on the relationships between stress and several body systems including nervous system, immune system and cardiovascular system etc. and on the stress molecules and signal transduction was carried out. The ultimate aim of the review is to emphasize the importance and the distinct position of stress during the development of modern bio-medicine, and to further attract more attention to the research field of stress from more scientists.

Psychometrical methodology was widely applied in the development of TCM syndrome scales,without considering the consistency between the methods and clinical TCM syndrome differentiation practice and the difference between the syndrome diagnosis and syndrome evaluationt.In this article,we described the theory foundation of the TCM syndrome diagnosis scales,distinguished the difference between the syndrome diagnosis scales and syndrome evaluation scales from several aspects,and expounded the key steps and technical point of TCM syndrome diagnosis scales development superfi cially.Ischemic Stroke TCM Syndrome Scales based on these represented a satisfying performance in clinical validation.

Objective To observe expression and significance of inflammatory factor during perioperative and follow-up periods after endovascular stents in patients with cerebral arterial stenosis.Methods 54 patients diagnosed as cerebral arterial stenosis by digital substraction angiography (DSA) were selected as the stent group and treated with endovascular stents; another 32 subjects had the same disease but not accepted stenting were considered as the control group. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) contents were measured at different time points during perioperative and follow-up periods in the two groups. Stage A represented as day one before angiography or catheterization; stage B as 6 hours postoperatively (stent group) or 6 hours after diagnostic angiography (control group); stages C～I as 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, 1 and 6 months after stent insertion (stent group) or the same time points after angiography (control group).Results Contents of IL-6 and hs-CRP of the stent group were similar as the control group in the stage A ( P>0.05), but significantly higher than that of the control group during stages B～I ( P<0.01～0.05). Among 54 patients of the stent group, 21 cases had restenosis 6 months postoperatively (38.89%). Contents of IL-6 and hs-CRP of the patients were similar as those without restenosis in stages A～F postoperatively ( P>0.05), but significantly higher than that of the cases without restenosis in stages G and I postoperatively ( P<0.01～0.05).Conclusion Endovascular stents can increase the contents of IL-6 and hs-CRP of patients with cerebral arterial stenosis; in addition, high expression of them is the risk factor of post-stent restenosis during follow-up period.

Low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)is a kind of anticoagulant used in both the prevention of clot formation in the blood vessels(thrombosis)and the treatment of conditions caused by clot formation or embolization.They are agents formulated from chemical or enzymatic depolymerization of unfractionated heparin.In the past decade,LMWH has been extensively evaluated in many clinical settings.The applications of LMWH in recent years are reviewed.

Thulium fiber laser is a novel laser of good potential in lithotripsy, which gained the attention of urology society in recent years. This article aimed to discuss Thulium fiber laser referring to lithotripsy mechanism, ablation efficiency, laser safety, clinical application and so on. Thulium fiber laser shares a similarity of lithotripsy mechanism with Holmium laser, whereas Thulium fiber laser has a higher ablation rate, thinner fragments, and smaller retropulsion compared to Holmium laser. Thulium laser may bring revolution in the field of laser lithotripsy.

Objective To investigate the changes of the hemostatie coagulation markers in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH)and significance.Methods The blood samples were collected from 70 normal pregnant women (control group) and 66 pregnant women with PIH (PIH group).Platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume ( MPV ), prothrombin lime (PT), partial thromboplastin time (AFIT), fibrinogen (FIB),D-dimmer (D-D)were measured.Results Compared with the control group,the level of PC,PT, APTT in the PIH group were significantly decreased [(178.32±51.08) × 10~9/L vs (186.17±40.02) × 10~9/L, (10.54±0.34) s vs(11.07±0.49) s, (26.23±3.12) s vs(28.08±4.31) s](P<0.05 or <0.01), while those of FIB,MPV,D-D were significantly increased [(5.34±0.68) g/L vs (4.02±0.73) g/L, (11.10 ± 2.31 ) fl vs (8.95 ± 1.37) fl, (0.46 ± 0.27) mg/L vs (0.18 ± 0.19) mg/L](P < 0.01 ).The levels of FIB and D-D were significantly increased in severe preeclampsia (34 cases) than those in mild preeclampsia (32 cases) (P < 0.01 ).The level of PT was lower and FIB, D-D were increased in early onset preeclampsia ( 31 cases ) than those in late onset preeclampsia (35 cases) (P < 0.05 or < 0.01 ).Conclusions There is hypercoagulative state in pregnant women with PIH.The disorders of coagulation function may be more severe in early onset preeelampsia than those in late onset preeclampsia.