Female ; Humans ; Leiomyomatosis ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Vascular Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Veins

Objective To evaluate the value of endometrial volume measurement and 3-dimensional power Doppler imaging(3D-PDI) in the differentiation between endometrial polyps and endometrial hyperplasia.Methods One hundred and fifty-six women who diagnosed as thick and inhomogeneous endometrium or hyperechogenic focal intrauterine structures by 2D ultrasound were enrolled,including 50 patients with endometrial polyps in the proliferative phase,51 cases with hyperplasia and 55 cases with normal histology or others.All were scheduled for hysteroscopy,dilatation and curettage,and the ultrasound was performed within 24 hours before the procedure. Endometrial volume, vascularity index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularity flow index (VFI) were measured. These parameters were compared between endometrial polyps group and endometrial hyperplasia group.Results These parameters (endometrial volume,VI,FI and VFI) were all considered statistically significant between two groups.Conclusions Endometrial volume and 3D-PDI are good diagnostic tools in the differentiation between endometrial polyps and endometrial hyperplasia.

Objective To investigate the multiple factors correlated to femoral head necrosis in patients over 45 years old with femoral neck fractures after closed reduction and cannulated screws fixation.Methods Three hundred patients with femoral neck fracture were admitted from May 1999 to May 2004 and treated by closed reduction and internal fixation with cannulated screws.We analyzed the multiple factors:age,gender,Garden classification,follow-up time,procedure delay,quality of reduction,time of full-weight-loading,fixation removal, and preoperative traction.Multiple correlation factors were analyzed by SPSS10.0 statistic system.Results Complete case records were documented in 99 cases who were followed up for an average of 24.5 months(range,8 to 60 months).Femoral head necrosis occurred in 15 cases(15.2%).Time of femoral head necrosis was 8 to 50 months after operation.The combination of quality of reduction,preoperative traction,age,and age?fixation re- moval was found to have the most significant influence on femoral head necrosis after internal fixation for femoral neck fractures.Conclusions Good reduction is the most important factor correlated to the outcome of a femoral neck fracture.Age is linked to the risk of necrosis but it is relatively insignificant.Preoperative traction in wrong positions can increase the incidence of necrosis.Garden classification is important in predicting femoral head necrosis and is associated with quality of reduction,but it is not a risk one in the combination of multiple correlation factors that lead to the necrosis.

Objective To understand the effects of "total quantity control" indexes on community health services and the residents' use of them so as to provide scientific basis for furthering reform in the medical insurance system.Methods A survey was made on the operation of the 3 community health centers of Jiangbin Xincun,Huashanwan and Hejianong in Jingkou District of Zhenjiang by means of direct inquiry and literature review.Results The average annual quantity of medical insurance plans allocated to the centers in the last 4 years involved 810 thousand yuan,the quantity actually fulfilled involved(953.5) thousand yuan,and the estimated annual quantity the centers were capable of fulfilling was valued at(1.45) million yuan,nearly 500 thousand yuan more than the quantity actually fulfilled. Conclusion Total quantity control on community health centers not only hinders the healthy development of community health services and the enthusiasm of the medical workers but also adversely affects the residents'use of health services and their health maintenance.

Objective To discuss teaching methods of TCM lectures for students of Western medicine in colleges and universities.Methods Totally 36 studens majoring in Western medicine from Capital Medical University were involved in the study. The first questionnaire survey showed the interest of those students. According to the students' response, the topics for the lectures were determined. The purpose for the second questionnaire was to investigate the teaching outcomes. Results The recovery rate for the first questionnaire was 100%, and the effective rate was also 100%. Students showed interest in the course of Introduction of TCM Health Maintenance, with few different ideas. The recovery rate for the second questionnaire was 88.89%, and the effective rate was also 88.89%. Students were relatively satisfied with lecture teaching, with few different ideas.Conclusion Lecture teaching can promote students' interest and teaching quality.

Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Venous Thromboembolism ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To estimate and optimize the dosage regimen of vancomycin and linezolid for treatment in different Gram-positive cocci infections. Methods The pharmacokinetic data of vancomycin and linezolid were collected, and the pharmacodynamics in vitro of these drugs for staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium were analysed. The cumulative response fraction (CFR) was evaluated in different dosage regimens of two drugs against four types of bacteria. Results The regimen of 3 500 mg/d vancomycin was recommended for patients with staphylococcus epidermidis infection. The regimen of 2 500 mg/d vancomycin was recommended for patients with staphylococcus aureus infection. The regimens of 3 000 mg/d vancomycin and 400 mg linezolid given 2 times/day were recommended for patients with enterococcus faecalis infection. The regimens of 2 500 mg/d vancomycin and 400 mg linezolid given 2 times/day were recommended for patients with enterococcus faecium infection. Conclusion In application of vancomycin and linezolid for treatment of Gram-positive cocci infections, different dosage regimens should be used in different types of infections.

Adult ; Elbow Joint ; injuries ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; therapy ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; Radius ; abnormalities ; Radius Fractures ; therapy ; Synostosis ; therapy ; Ulna ; abnormalities

Objective:This study was designed to explore the effects and mechanisms of raltitrexed on the growth of the human gastric cancer cell line (MGC-803) transplanted in nude mice. Methods: Models of MGC-803 xenograft transplanted in nude mice were established. Body weight, mental state, food, and stool of the nude mice were closely monitored, and the inhibitory action in the tu-mors was evaluated after drug intervention. Distribution and apoptosis of the tumor cells were examined through flow cytometric assay. P53 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Changes among the three groups were compared. Results:Body weights and tumor volumes of the nude mice were lower in the raltitrexed and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) groups than those in the control group. Tumor inhibition ratios were 49.02%and 45.75%in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups, respectively. In the G0/G1 stage, the number of cells decreased in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups. Signifi-cant differences were found between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). In the S stage, the number of cells increased in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups, with significant differences from the control group (P<0.01). P53 mRNA and protein expression levels in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), but no significant differences were found between the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:Raltitrexed can inhibit the growth of MGC-803 xenograft trans-planted in nude mice and shows inhibitory effect similar to that of 5-Fu. Raltitrexed can induce the S-phase block of the cell cycle and cell apoptosis in the MGC-803 xenografts in the nude mice. This drug may exhibit an antitumor effect by upregulating the p53 mRNA and protein expression levels.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of aminophylline,caffeine citrate and aminophylline combined with naloxone in prevention of apnea of prematurity(AOP).Methods Ninety-four infants with a birth weight ＜ 1 500 g and gestational age ＜ 34 weeks admitted to Department of Pediatrics,Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology between Jan.2010 and Jan.2012 were randomly divided into 3 groups.(1) Aminophylline group (n =30):30 infants received a loading dose of 4-5 mg/kg of aminophylline and then maintained by a dose of 2 mg/kg,with intravenous drip q12 h.(2) Caffeine citrate group(n =32):a loading dose of 20 mg/kg of caffeine citrate was followed by a daily maintained dose of 5 mg/kg,with intravenous drip per day.(3) Aminophylline combined naloxone group (observation group,n =32):32 infants were treated with Aminophylline combined with naloxone.After 6 hours of the first dose of aminophylline,a dose of 0.1 mg/kg naloxone was injected,q12 h.Then the two drugs were used alternately.The mortality and incidence of AOP,bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD),retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and brain injury were evaluated,and drug-related side effects were recorded.Results 1.There was no significant difference in gender,gestational age,birth weight,maternal antenatal glucocorticoid application,pregnancy (including multiple pregnancy) and delivery,5 min Apgar score,oxygen therapy,and the application of positive airway pressure as well as pulmonary surfactant among the 3 groups(all P ＞0.05).2.Compared with aminophylline group,the incidence of apnea of caffeine group and observation group were significantly lower (F =6.704,P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between caffeine group and observation group (P ＞0.05).3.There was no statistically significant difference in mortality,duration of oxygen therapy,the incidence of ROP,brain injury and hearing loss,postmenstrual age,body weight at discharge,the duration and cost of hospitalization among the 3 groups(all P ＞0.05).4.The BPD incidence in caffeine group[9.4％ (3/32 cases)] and observation group [12.5％ (4/32 cases)] were lower than that in Aminophylline group [20.0％ (6/30 cases)],but there was no statistical significance among the 3 groups(P ＞ 0.05).5.No drug-related side effects were recorded in the 3 groups.Conclusions It is safe and effective to use aminophylline combined with naloxone in prevention of AOP,and its efficiency is similar to caffeine citrate.