Sense of coherence is one of the hot spots in the field of positive psychology research. Sense of coherence, as a protective factor which has positive influences on individual physical and mental health has been recognized by many scholars. This paper reviewed the protective and risk predictors of sense of coherence from two factors including the internal and external factors so as to formulate the intervention based on the discovery and use of the internal and external protective factors to reduce or avoid the internal and external risk factors, and to provide a reference for developing the sense of coherence and improving social adaptive ability among individuals undergoing negative events.