OBJECTIVETo explore the related factors of anastomotic leakfollowing anterior resection for the rectal cancer and the association of the preoperative nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS2002) score.

METHODSClinical data of 396 rectal cancer patients who underwent elective anterior resection from January 2010 to July 2015 at Affiliated Lu'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University were collected. Patient's nutritional risk score on admission was calculated by NRS2002 scoring system according to original medical records. NRS2002 score less than 3 was defined as nutritious risk. Chi-squared test, or Fisher exact test and multivariate logistic regression wereused to analyze the association of the clinical pathological factors and NRS2002 risk factor with anastomotic leak.

RESULTSOf the 396 patients, NRS2002 score≥3, and anastomotic leak occurred in 157(39.6%) and 13(3.3%), respectively. In univariate analysis, different ages, NRS2002 score, preoperative intestinal obstruction, distance from anastomosis to anal vergeand tumor TNM stage were significantly associated with postoperative anastomotic leak(all P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leak among patients with NRS2002 score≥3 was significantly higher than those with NRS2002 score<3[6.4%(10/157) vs. 1.3%(3/239), χ(2)=7.806, P=0.005]. Multivariate analysis showed that NRS2002 score≥3(OR=3.988, 95% CI:1.004-15.837, P=0.049), existence of preoperative intestinal obstruction(OR=5.780, 95% CI:1.320 ~ 25.311, P=0.020),distance from anastomosis to anal verge≤5 cm(OR=0.236, 95% CI: 0.071 ~ 0.785, P=0.019) were the independent risk factors of anastomotic leak following anterior resection for the rectal cancer.

CONCLUSIONRectal cancer patients undergoing anterior resection with preoperative NRS2002 score≥3 should receive reasonable perioperative nutritional support to prevent anastomotic leak.

Anastomotic Leak ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nutritional Support ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective:In order to truly realize the deep integration of ideological and political education and professional edu-cation in the course of Animal Immunology and effectively improve the comprehensive quality of students.Methods:The experiment adopts the teaching method of integrating the online and offline hybrid teaching of Animal Immunology into the ideology and politics of the course,studies the course design concept,teaching objectives,teaching design and teaching implementation,and will conduct an evaluation of the teaching effect from the examination results and ideological and political effect.Results:The results show that the teaching model has stimulated students'interest in learning and improved their overall ability.Conclusion:It shows that the teaching effect of this method is good and the basic task of moral education is realized.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among Chinese students from 2011 to 2016 and to provide reference for the effective prevention and control programs on infectious disease among students. Methods: Both morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases among Chinese students aged 6-22 years from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed, with main characteristics of the disease described. Results: During 2011 to 2016, morbidities of Categories A, B and C infectious diseases among the Chinese students aged 6-22 years showed a decreasing trend, from 248.24/100 000 in 2012 to 158.57/100 000 in 2016. Mortality rates of Category A, B and C infectious diseases had also decreased from 0.12/100 000 in 2011 to 0.07/100 000 in 2016. The average morbidity of the top four diseases from Category A and B infectious diseases appeared as: tuberculosis (16.24/100 000), scarlet fever (9.39/100 000), hepatitis B (7.69/100 000) and bacillary and amebic dysentery (7.15/100 000). The average rates of mortality on the top four diseases appeared as: rabies (0.044 8/100 000), HIV/AIDS (0.027 7/100 000), tuberculosis (0.008 0/100 000) and Japanese encephalitis (0.005 9/100 000). The average rates of morbidity on the top four diseases appeared as: mumps (75.81/100 000), hand-foot-mouth disease (28.55/100 000), other infectious diarrhea (22.41/100 000) and influenza (15.67/100 000) in the Category C. Reported death cases were from hand-foot-mouth disease (11 cases), influenza (9 cases), mumps (1 case) and rubella (1 case). The prevalence rates varied among different student populations, with higher HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and tuberculosis rates among college and senior high school students, while higher mumps, influenza and hand-foot-mouth disease rates among primary school and junior high school students. Conclusions: Both morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases among Chinese students aged 6-22 years had decreased significantly in 2011-2016. However, the major infectious diseases had become new challenges among students. HIV/AIDS had become a key infectious disease among college students and the relatively high prevalence of tuberculosis was seen in college and high school students.
Adolescent ; Child ; China/epidemiology* ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology* ; Disease Notification/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Population Surveillance/methods* ; Prevalence ; Students/statistics & numerical data* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) in China and to provide scientific evidence for the adjustment of preventive strategy and control measures.

METHODSDemographic and epidemiologic information on human cases were collected from both reported data of field epidemiological investigation and the reporting system for infectious diseases.

RESULTSA total of 433 cases including 163 deaths were reported in mainland China before June 4, 2014. Two obvious epidemic peaks were noticed, in March to April, 2013 and January to February, 2014. Confirmed cases emerged in 14 areas of China. Five provinces, including Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Hunan, reported about 85% of the total cases. Median age of the confirmed cases was 58 years (range, 1-91), with 70% as males. Of the 418 cases with available data, 87% had ever exposed to live poultry or contaminated environments. 14 clusters were identified but human to human transmission could not be ruled out in 9 clusters.

CONCLUSIONHuman infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus showed the characteristics of obvious seasonal distribution, with certain regional clusters. The majority of confirmed cases were among the elderly, with more males seen than the females. Data showed that main source of infection was live poultry and the live poultry market had played a significant role in the transmission of the virus.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Aged ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Demography ; Environmental Pollution ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Male ; Meat ; Poultry ; Research Design