Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis of the breast.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 78 patients with tuberculosis of the breast treated in our hospital in the past 21 years was made.Results The incidence of tuberculosis of the breast has been increasing year by year,peasants of remote mountain areas and civilian workers in the cities were the high affected groups.Misdiagnosis rate was as high as 62.9 %.Operation combined with other therapies,and selection of opportune time for operation can reduce the extent of resection,and satisfy the demands of young female patients for high quality of life.Conclusions Clinical doctors should improve their recognition of tuberculosis of the breast,increase the rate of correct diagnosis,and avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,especially misdiagnosis of tuberculosis for breast cancer,which can cause the patients to undergo unnecessary pain and economic burden.

A novel polymer- overoxidized polypyrrole film chemically modified electrode (CME) as the liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (LC-ECD) was fabricated and applicated, which could be used to determine the monoamine neurotransmitters. The experimental model of parkinsonian animal was established by using medicine. Microdialysis sampling coupled with LC-ECD was used to monitor the monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in experimental animal brain in vivo under different situations. The mechanism of experimental animal's Parkinsonian disease was studied elementarily. An accurate and reliable analysis method was supplied for filting the new and the more effective medicine to cure parkinsonian disease.

Objective To investigate blood uric acid levels in health check-up receivers in Tianjin City. Methods Blood uric acid levels in 28 661 health check-up participants were tested and the incidence of hyperuricaemia was analyzed. Blood pressure, body mass index, blood sugar, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured and compared. Results The average level of blood uric acid was (349±73 ) μ mol/L in male,and (256±59) μmol/L in female. The peak value in male was found in the 30 to 39 years old group,while in female the age was increased to 70 years old. The incidence of hyperuricaemia was higher in male ( 15. 2% vs 6. 3% ,P＜0.01). The level of blood sugar,triglycerides and total cholesterol was higher in the hyperuricaemia group. Also in the hyperuricaemia group, the incidence of overweight/obesity,hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension was higher. Conclusions The incidence of hyperuricaemia in routine health check-up individuals in Tianjin City could be 11.3%. Blood uric acid may be significantly associated with metabolism.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether PRDM16 gene polymorphisms were associated with dyslipidemia. Methods The polymorphisms of rs2651899, rs2236518, rs870171, and rs2282198 in PRDM16 gene in 528 participants were genotyped by the method of snapshot or ligase detection reaction. The genotype differences and the allele differences between the case group and the control group were analyzed. Linkage disequilibrium analysis was performed with SHE-sis online software. The interaction between rs2651899, rs2236518, rs870171, rs2282198 and gender, age, BMI were analyzed by MDR software. Results The frequency of allele A in rs2651899 locus was significantly higher in low HDL-C group compared with that in control group[OR(95%CI)=1.32(1.02-1.71), P=0.033]. The frequency of A/C genotype in rs870171 was significantly different between LDL-C abnormal group and control group[OR(95% CI)=1.97(1.01-3.86), P=0.037]. There may be interaction between rs2236518 and sex, which is a risk factor for low HDL-C[Model Ⅱ: OR(95% CI)=1.958(1.366-2.809), P<0.01]. There may be interactions among rs2651899, rs2236518, rs870171, and rs2282198, which seemed to be risk factors for lower HDL-C[Model Ⅳ: OR(95% CI)=3.991(2.707-5.884), P<0.01]. rs870171, rs2282198 may have interaction with age, which is a risk factor for high LDL-C [Model Ⅶ: OR(95%CI)=3.991(2.707-5.884), P<0.01]. Conclusion Allele A of rs2651899 may be a risk factor to low HDL-C. Under the codominant inheritance patterns, genotype A/C of rs870171 may be a risk factor to high LDL-C. In addition, there may be interaction between SNPs with gender and age.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between anthropometric indices and arteriosclerosis detection indicators in the middle-aged and the elderly .Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was made of 1 626 individuals ( diabetics patients 23.37%, hypertensive subjects 39.48% and healthy individuals 37.15%), aged 45 to 90 years [mean age:(61.60 ±10.22) years)] in Shijingshan Dis-trict, Beijing.Their measurements:body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist to height ratio ( WHtR ) .Arterial stiffness was assessed according to brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), intima-media thickness (IMT), augmentation index (AI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), which were measured by noninvasive detectors and equipment .The correlations between the various indi-cators were analyzed .Results:The percentages of the hypertensive and diabetic groups of central obesity ( male WC>85 cm, female WC >80 cm or WHtR>0.5 ) and of general obesity ( BMI>28 kg/m2 ) were significantly higher than those of the healthy group ( P<0 .01 ) .The difference between the two disease groups was not significant ( P>0 .05 ) .There was a moderate positive correlation between the measures of abdominal obesity (WHtR and WC) and the general obesity indicators (BMI) (r=0.710 and 0.716) .In the healthy group , WC and WHtR showed positive correlation with baPWV , IMT and ABI, and negative correlation with AI 75 .BMI showed positive correlation with IMT and negative correla-tion with AI75 , and no correlation with baPWV and ABI .There was negative correlation between BMI and baPWV in the diabetic group .In the hypertension group , we found negative correlation between BMI and baPWV, maximum IMT, AI75 , and also between WC and AI 75 .The simple regression straight line of baPWV versus the anthropometric parameters showed that the regression equations were y =0 .949 +1.379 x (baPWV vs.WHtR, R2 =0.046, P<0.001) and y=1.133+0.006x (baPWV vs.WC, R2 =0.027, P<0.001), respectively.baPWV and BMI did not have a linear relationship (P =0.62). Conclusion:WHtR and WC are superior to BMI indices in predicting arteriosclerosis .Anthropometric measurements for central obesity are good predictors of cardiovascular risk .

Objective To investigate the clinical and radiological features of the patients with cryptogenic stroke as the first manifestation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM),and to explore the mechanism and summarize the diagnostic strategy.Methods Transcmnial Doppler (TCD) bubble tests,non-contrast or contrast-enhanced transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography,contrast-enhanced thoracic CT and pulmonary angiography were performed in 2 patients with cryptogenic stroke for the detection of right to left shunt (RLS) and the diagnosis of PAVM.Then interventional catheter embolization of PAVM and postoperative follow-up were arranged.Results TCD bubble tests in these 2 patients showed the following characteristics indicating RLS:spontaneous continuous shunt at rest,earlystage shunt appeared rapidly after injection,considerable large amount of shunt volume as a shower of microbubble,the extent of shunt volume not attenuated by Valsalva Maneuver (VM).One patient was diagnosed as PAVM,the other was PAVM plus patent foramen ovale (PFO).Both patients of PAVM were successfully treated with interventional catheter embolizations.Then TCD bubble test was repeated and showed significantly decreased amount of RLS.They remained asymptomatic during the 3-year and 1-year follow-up.Conclusions In patients with cryptogenic stroke due to suspected paradoxical embolism,TCD bubble test should be performed for screening RLS.Besides PFO,a traditional access to intracardiac shunt,PAVM should be considered as a new access to extracardiac shunt in paradoxical embolism.

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Purpose: We aimed to identify effectiveness-associated indicators and evaluate the optimal tumor reduction rate (TRR) after two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included patients who underwent at least four cycles of NAC at the Department of Breast Surgery between February 2013 and February 2020. A regression nomogram model for predicting pathological responses was constructed based on potential indicators. Results: A total of 784 patients were included, of whom 170 (21.68%) reported pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC and 614 (78.32%) had residual invasive tumors. The clinical T stage, clinical N stage, molecular subtype, and TRR were identified as independent predictors of pCR. Patients with a TRR > 35% were more likely to achieve pCR (odds ratio, 5.396; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.299–8.825). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted using the probability value, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.892 (95% CI, 0.863–0.922). Conclusion TRR > 35% is predictive of pCR after two cycles of NAC, and an early evaluation model using a nomogram based on five indicators, age, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, molecular subtype, and TRR, is applicable in patients with invasive breast cancer.

Fucoidan is a kind of sulfated polysaccharide with various biological activities that mainly exists in the cell walls of brown algae. It is also found in marine invertebrates such as sea cucumbers and sea urchins. Fucoidan has received a lot of attention due to its tumor-killing and immune-boosting properties. Moreover, the combination of fucoidan with chemotherapeutic drugs not only improves antitumor efficacy but also reduces the side effects of these drugs. The function of fucoidan is closely correlated with its structure, molecular weight, degree of sulfation, monosaccharide component, algae source, and time of collection. In this review, the antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of fucoidan are reviewed from the aspects of promoting cell apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, inhibiting angiogenesis and cell migration, and activating immune cells, to provide theoretical guidance for the development and clinical application of fucoidan.

Objective: To investigate the impact of intensified maintenance therapy on the prognosis of children and adolescents with advanced lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) . Methods: Retrospective analysis on the treatment results of children and adolescents with stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ LBL who underwent BFM-NHL-90/-95 regimen without prophylactic radiotherapy. The intensified therapy group included the patients admitted from 1998 to 2005, while others were classified as the non-intensified therapy group. Patients in the intensified therapy group were intravenously treated with "etoposide phosphate plus cytrarabine" and high-dose methotrexate alternately per 2.5-3 months in addition to the oral chemotherapy with 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate during the maintenance phase. Results: A total of 187 LBL patients were enrolled. The rates of 5-year event free survival were (76.9 ± 5.8) % and (77.9 ± 4.3) % (χ²=0.249, P=0.617) respectively, in the intensified therapy (n=52) and the non-intensified therapy groups (n=135) , while the rates of 5-year overall survival of them were (78.8 ± 5.7) % and (79.8±4.1) % (χ²=0.353, P=0.552) , respectively. Stratified by stage, immunological type as well as risk stratification, the rates of long-term survival were similar between the two groups. During the maintenance phase, the rates of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ myelosuppression in the intensified therapy and the non-intensified maintenance groups were 55.8% and 18.5%, respectively (χ²=25.363, P<0.05) . Conclusion Intensified maintenance therapy failed to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced LBL.