Objective: To explore the clinical and echocardiography characteristics between noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (NVM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) combining hypertrabeculation in order to distinguish NVM from DCM.
Methods: Our research included 2 groups of patients: NVM group,n=31 and DCM combining hypertrabeculation group, n=50. The basic information as gender, age, family history, symptoms, ECG, plasma levels of BNP and echocardiography were recorded and examined in all patients; the size of cardiac chambers, myocardium, endocardium and hemodynamics were particularly focused. The trabeculation was analyzed by 17 segments method.
Results:①Compared with NVM group, the patients in DCM combining hypertrabeculation group had the worse cardiac classiifcation, higher plasma levels of BNP (P<0.05) and more obvious cardiac dilatation.②The patients in NVM group had the most trabeculation segments (9.82 ± 2.02) and the apical (17th segment) was involved, patients had the higher ratio of noncompacton/compaction (NC/C) as (2.84 ± 0.61), there were (4.12 ± 2.68) segments with NC/C > 2.③The patients in DCM combining hypertrabeculation group had the less trabeculation segments (5.56 ± 1.56) and the apical was seldom involved, patients had the lower ration of NC/C as (1.91± 0.42), there was at most 1 segment with NC/C > 2. All P<0.05.
Conclusion: Echocardiography is a simple, practical and noninvasive method to distinguish NVM from DCM. NVM could be diagnosed by obvious left ventricular apex involvement with NC/C >2 in at least 2 segments of free ventricular walls.

Objective To explore the feasibility and application value of sonography in the evaluation of oropharynx in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods The oropharynx of forty-four patients with OSAHS and forty-four healthy subjects selected as the control group were separately examined by ultrasonography.The parameters including anterior-posterior diameter and the lateral diameter of oropharyngeal airway of the end-deep inspiratory and end-deep expiratory,thickness and wide of tongue base,lingual wide,lingual height,distance from mandibular plane to hyoid bone and distance from tongue base to mandibular plane were obtained for statistical analysis and compared between the two groups.Correlation analysis of above parameters plane with body mass index (BMI) were carried out. Results The anatomy of the oropharynx was well shown on sonography.When compared with the control group,the lateral diameter of oropharyngeal airway,thickness of tongue base,lingual height,lingual wide and distance from mandibular plane to hyoid bone also showed significant statistically differences between the OSAHS patients group and the control group (all P <0.01).The wide of tongue base,thickness of tongue base,lingual wide,lingual height,distance from mandibular plane to hyoid bone,and distance from tongue base to mandibular plane in OSAHS patients group were positively correlated with BMI( r =0.533,0.415, 0.555,0.349,0.378,0.419;all P <0.05).The wide of tongue base and lateral diameter of oropharyngeal airway in the control group were negatively correlated with BMI ( r = -0.324,-0.405,-0.317;all P <0.05).Conclusions Ultrasonography can be used to assist in the assessment of OSAHS,which can provide an important reference for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation of OSAHS.

Objective:To build an ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses based on Taylor model, so as to provide references for the construction of ideological and political education in undergraduate surgical nursing.Methods:Through literature analysis, a preliminary index system for ideological and political education in undergraduate surgical nursing courses was constructed. From November 2021 to January 2022, 12 experts were selected for two rounds of correspondence. Indexes at all levels were screened, modified and improved, an ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses was established.Results:The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert correspondence questionnaire was 100%, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.87. Kendall harmony coefficient of 2 rounds of correspondence was 0.193 and 0.411 ( P < 0.01), respectively. Finally, the ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses included 4 first-level indexes (educational objectives, educational contents, educational methods, educational evaluation), 9 second-level indexes and 40 third-level indexes. Conclusions:The ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses has good scientificity and reliability, providing references for construction of ideological and political education in undergraduate surgical nursing.

Objective To explore the correlations between serum Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IL-23 and IL-33 levels and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods The clinical characteristics and laboratory data from 55 patients with CSU and 21 healthy controls at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from February 2021 to September 2023 were collected. The disease activity and severity of CSU patients were assessed. Serum level of MRGPRX2 was tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IL-23, and IL-33 were measured using Luminex multiplex assay in all subjects. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between biomarkers and other parameters in CSU patients, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing CSU. Results CSU patients exhibited significantly higher serum levels of MRGPRX2 (2.41[0, 11.51] ng/mL vs 0[0, 2.86] ng/mL, P＝0.015) and IL-23 (0.09[0.04, 0.56] pg/mL vs 0.05[0.03, 0.08] pg/mL, P＝0.033) than healthy controls. There was no difference in levels of other cytokines between the two groups. There was no difference in levels of MRGPRX2 and cytokines between severe and non-severe CSU patients. Correlation analysis showed that serum MRGPRX2 levels in CSU patients were positively correlated with IL-4 (r＝0.345, P＝0.010) and IL-6 (r＝0.395, P＝0.003) levels. Logistic regression analysis indicated that MRGPRX2≥0.055 ng/mL and IL-23≥0.135 pg/mL were independent risk factors for CSU (P＜0.05). Conclusions Serum levels of MRGPRX2 and IL-23 in CSU patients are elevated, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of CSU.

OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprint of Sophora flavescens， and to screen differential components and determine their contents.　METHODS HPLC fingerprints of 12 batches of S. flavescens were established by using Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of TCM （2012 edition）； common peaks were identified and their similarities were evaluated. Chemical pattern recognition analysis [cluster analysis （CA），principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）] were performed with SIMCA 14.1 and SPSS 23.0 software， and differential components which influenced the quality of S. flavescens were screen with variable importance in the projection（VIP）＞1 as standard. Meanwhile， the contents of 4 kinds of differential components were determined by the same HPLC method.　RESULTS There were 17 common peaks in the fingerprints of 12 batches of S. flavescens，and their similarities were all higher than 0.96. A total of 6 common peaks were identified， i.e. oxymatrine （peak 1）， oxysophocarpine （peak 2）， matrine （peak 10）， trifolirhizin （peak 14）， kurarinone （peak 16） and norkurarinone （peak 17）. Results of CA， PCA and OPLS-DA showed that 12 batches of S. flavescens were divided into 3 categories according to producing area， i.e. S1-S7 （Shangzhou District of Shaanxi Province） were grouped into one category， S8-S10 （Yichuan County of Henan Province） into one category and S11-S12 （Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia） into one category. VIPs of matrine， norkurarinone， kurarinone and oxysophocarpine and the chemical components represented by peak 11 and 9 were all greater than 1. The contents of matrine， norkurarinone， kurarinone and oxysophocarpine in 12 batches of S. flavescens were 2.65-4.93， 1.54-3.44， 9.63-12.94 and 5.08-6.10 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS HPLC fingerprint of S. flavescens is established successfully in the study， and can be used to screen 6 differential components by combining with chemical pattern recognition analysis， which can provide reference for quality control of S. flavescens.