D;PA,B,C;P

Objective] To observe the alteration of specific IgG4 antibody of schistosomiasis patients before and after treatment. [Methods] ELISA. [Results] The SEA IgG4 and AWA IgG4 positive rates of 27 schistosomiasis cases were 96 3% and 100%, respectively,their average OD values were 1 62 and 0 72. 6 months post treatment 18 cases were followed up, the positive rates were 94 4% and 100%, respectively, their average OD values were 1 06 and 0 56, respectively. 12 months post treatment all cases were followed up, the positive rates of SEA IgG4 and AWA IgG4 were 96 3% and 92 6%, resepectively ,their average OD values were 0 99 and 0 58, respectively. [Conclusion] No obvious changes were found in the SEA IgG4 and AWA IgG4 positive rates of 27 schistosomiasis cases before and after treatment, whereas the antibody level of specific IgG4 was decreased.

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a newly described paramyxovirus that was found in the Netherlands in 2001. It is an important pathogen of acute respiratory diseases in infants, young children, elderly and immunocompromised patients. hMPV infection could cause mild upper respiratory tract infection or severe lower respiratory tract disease, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. hMPV was usually detected using direct immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, but the detection method were different according to the respective experiment requirements. In this paper we review the detection method of hMPV to provide a basis for further study of hMPV.

Objective: To express envelope protein of ZIKA virus in baculovirus expression system. Methods: Full-length E gene of ZIKA virus was obtained by DNA synthesis and inserted into vector pFastBac1. The constructed recombinant baculovirus transfer vector pFB1-E was transformed to competent DH10Bac cells. The obtained skeleton plasmid rBacmid-E was transfected to sf9 cells, and the constructed recombinant baculovirus rBac-E was determined for titer, for insertion of E gene by PCR, and for expression of E protein by IFA and Western blotting. Results: PCR proved that skeleton plasmid rBacmid-E was constructed correctly. The titer of rBac-E of passage 3 was 2.58×10⁵pfu/ml. The genome of infected cells virus was extracted, the gene band at length of 3 830 bp was observed after PCR amplification. Indirect immunofluorescence of the infected cells showed the specific green fluorescence, 55×10³specific band was determined by Western blotting identification in the cell pellet of the infected recombinant baculovirus rBac-E. Conclusions The recombinant baculovirus with E gene of ZIKA virus was successfully constructed, which laid a foundation of further study on the function of E protein and the vaccine of ZIKA virus.

Objective To investigate the mucosal immunity of L1 virus-like particles ( VLPs) of human papillomavirus ( HPV) types 16 and 18 plus JY adjuvant by intranasal immunization in cynomolgus. Methods Cynomolgus were immunized with low and high dosage of HPV types 16 and 18 L1 VLP with JY adjuvant for 3 times by intranasal route at weeks 0, 4 and 8, respectively, using PBS as control. Subsequently, vaginal secretion, oral secretion and nasal secretion were collected at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 16, respectively, and determined for mucosal immunity by ELISA.Results HPV-L1-specific sIgA antibodies were detected in all secretions, including oral, nasal and vaginal ones, the concentrations of sIgA antibody induced were much higher than those in PBS control group.There was no significant difference ( P>0.05) in sIgA antibody levels among cynomolgus vaccinated with low and high dosage of L1 VLP, as was between oral and nasal secretion ( P >0.05 ) , However, the concentrations of sIgA antibody in vaginal secretion were significant higher than those in oral and nasal secretion, differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) .Conclusions Following intranasal immunization in cynomolgus, HPV types 16 and 18 L1 VLP with JY adjuvant can effectively induce sIgA antibody in vaginal secretion, and vaginal sIgA antibody concentrations were much higher than those in oral and nasal secretion.

Objective To evaluate the effect of JY adjuvant,which is composed of IL-2 and chitosan,on the immune response for mucosal immunization with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 L1 virus-like particles (HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP).Methods Mice were immunized three times with HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP in the presence or absence of JY adjuvant by intramuscular and intranasal routes,respectively.Subsequently,experiments were undertaken to detect serum IgG antibody,neutralizing antibody and respiratory tract washes sIgA antibody titers and cellular immune response.Results Following intranasal immunization,serum IgG antibody titers were much higher in HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP with JY adjuvant group than that in VLP without adjuvant group (P ＜ 0.01),after intramuscular immunization,serum IgG titers induced by VLP with or without JY adjuvant were the same; following intramuscular immunization,neutralizing antibody titers induced by adjuvant-containing HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP were higher than those by adjuvant-free VLP,following intranasal immunization,only serum neutralizing antibody was detected in adjuvant-containing VLP group; after intranasal immunization,lung washes sIgA concentration were much higher in HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP with JY adjuvant group than that in VLP without adjuvant group (P ＜ 0.05) ; following intranasal and intramuscular immunization,respectively,the number of spot forming cells were much higher in HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP with JY adjuvant group than that in VLP without adjuvant group (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05,respectively).Conclusion JY adjuvant enhanced the cellular,humoral and mocosal immunities induced with HPV16 + 18 L1 VLP by intranasal route,while showed no significant influence of the adjuvant was seen in the group immunized by intramuscular route.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of bibliometric analysis of research papers on human metapneumovirus based on Web of Science database.Methods:The human metapneumovirus (HMPV) causes a serious disease burden worldwide. This article used bibliometric analysis method to search for papers using the keyword " metapneumovirus" , and searched for HMPV papers published from 2001 to 2023 in the Web of Science database. Statistical analysis of the distribution of papers on HMPV by year, country, journal, research institution, author, etc., in order to understand the current research status and development trends of HMPV in the international community.Results:A total of 3 282 papers were retrieved, of which 97% were in English. HMPV was first reported in 2001, and since then, research papers have been increasing year by year. The United States has the highest number of published papers, with China, the United Kingdom, France, and the Netherlands ranked 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th respectively. The field of virology-general had the highest number of papers. In terms of research institution distribution, Vanderbilt University in the United States has published 135 papers, ranked the first. The journal which had the highest number of published papers was JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, with a total of 143 papers. The author Williams JV of Vanderbilt University in the United States has published 92 papers, indicating its high international status in the field of HMPV research.Conclusions:Among the retrieved HMPV related papers, research institutions and universities in European and American countries have published more papers.

Objective We develop a rapid,specific,sensitive tandardized SOP.And initial application for 200 nasopharyngeal aspirates of children with related pathogens of acute respiratory tract infections in BeiJing area.Methods To developed nested PCR and TaqMan probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method for detection of KIPyV and WUPyV'S gene,and then the sequences of gene fragments are analyzed.Evalution of two assays from 200 nasopharyngeal aspirates.Results In this study,sensitivity of TaqMan probe real time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was higher than one of nested PCR (500 copies/μl),and both assays did not show any positive amplification in detetion of other respiratory virus.Coefficient of varience of KIPyV and WUPyV are less than 2.9％ and 1.95％ respectively in the repeatability detection.The detection rates of KIPyV,and WUPyV were 1.5％ and 8％ in nested PCR assay and 12％ and 14％ in real time Fluorescent quantitative PCR assay respectively.Conclusion This study established good sensitivity and reproducibility,high specificity and rapid method for detection nucleic acid of these polyomaviruses that have good prospects on the clinical application.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of elderly patients who received colonoscopy and to explore the clinical value of regular colonoscopy for the elderly.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study.A total of 1 154 patients aged 75 years and over undergone colonoscopy in Guangdong General Hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were enrolled and divided into three groups, including 605 cases aged 75-79 years, 527 cases aged 80-89 years and 22 cases aged 90 years and over.Detection rates of colorectal lesions by colonoscopy were recorded.The clinical value of annual colonoscopy on the detection of colorectal lesions in elderly patients 75 years and older were analyzed to assess the necessity for regular monitoring.Results:Overall, 569 cases(49.3%)underwent colonoscopy with sedation and 585 cases(50.7%)underwent colonoscopy without sedation.The total positive detection rate was 83.4%(962/1 154), and the main lesions were polyps(858 cases, 74.4%), including 605(52.4%)cases of adenomas.Among the three groups, gastrointestinal bleeding was the main cause for colonoscopy in the group aged 90 years and over, while abdominal discomfort, elevated immunological tumor markers and history of non-colon cancer were the main reasons for colonoscopy in the group aged 75-79 years( P<0.05). A total of 153 cases underwent annual colonoscopy.The detection rate of polyps and adenomas decreased in the second exam, but still higher than 40.0%. Conclusions:Colonoscopy is a safe and effective method for the elderly population aged 75 years and over.Polyps and adenomas are the most common lesions.Recurrence of polyps after colorectal cancer and polypectomy is common and it is necessary to receive colonoscopy regularly.

Objective:To study the sequence characteristics and genetic variation of a human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) subtype A genome in Beijing.Methods:The genomic RNA of HRSV from nasopharyngeal aspirate samples was sequenced and obtained a whole genome sequence of HRSV A subtype. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with reference sequences of other HRSV strains. The major proteins were compared and single nucleotide polymorphism analyzed. In addition, the N-glycosylationsites of F and G protein were predicted.Results:Phylogenetic tree and homology analysis results suggest that the HRSV strain (RSVA/Beijing-China/2017) was the A subtype ON1 genotype. Nucleotide and amino acid variation analysis showed that G protein, F protein and L protein had some substitutions. Analysis of amino acid variation sites showed that amino acid substitution (L142S) occurred at position 142 of G protein. For F protein, there were two substitutions, which were S105N in the P27 peptide (110-136aa) and C69Y in the antigen sites ? (62-69 aa and 196-210 aa). The prediction of N-glycosylation sites revealed that there were 5 N-glycosylation sites of F protein and 4 N-glycosylation sites of G protein in this strain.Conclusions:The HRSV strain obtained in Beijing belongs to A subtype ON1 genotype. The G, F and L proteins have large variations, and 22 amino acid substitutions have occurred in the G and F proteins.