After the types and characteristics of medical and health information websites in China were described , the problems existed on these websites and the reasons why they occurred were analyzed with some suggestions pro-posed for the development of medical and health information websites in China , such as controlling them by national policies and regulations, working out quality control standards, encouraging and supporting high level websites, es-tablishing needs-based medical and health resources database .

Objective To investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2(NAT2) and susceptibility to bladder cancer.Methods Based on case-control study,NAT2 mutation alleles(NAT2*5,*6 and*7) were determined by ASPCR and PCR-RFLP in 78 patients with bladder cancer and 80 nontumorous patients.In addtion,the relationships between the genotypes and tobacco smoking,occupational exposure,high dose intake of meat or pathological characteristic of bladder cancer patients were analyzed.Results In the blood samples from 158 cases,the 4 alleles NAT2*4,NAT2*5,NAT2*6 and NAT2*7 were detected.The frequency of NAT2 slow genotypes was 29.5%(23/78) in patients with bladder cancer,which was significantly higher compared with 16.3%(13/80) in control patients(P

Objective To analyze the pathogenic distribution and drug resistance of 7 534 clinical samples ,so as to provide a ba-sis for rational use of antimicrobial drugs in clinical .Methods The pathogens isolated from 7 534 clinical samples were counted and their drug resistance rates were analyzed by retrospective survey method .Results The positive rates of Gram positive coccus ,Gram negative bacillus and fungi were 14 .02% ,52 .98% ,and 7 .57% respectively .The drug resistance rates of pathogens were increas-ing .Conclusion Improving the accuracy of detection and standardizing the application of antibacterials would be helpful to reduce the generation of bacterial drug resistance .

Objectives:To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of chronic nephropathy among hospitalized gout patients.Methods:537 hospitalized gout patients in Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital were enrolled. According to the levels of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR>90 ml/min, 60-90 ml/min and <60 ml/min), patients were divided into normal group, mild chronic nephropathy group and moderate-severe chronic nephropathy group. The height, weight, waist, hip and blood pressure of the patients were measured. Blood samples from elbow vein were collected to measure biochemical indexes. The 24-hour urine was collected to measure creatinine and uric acid. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors that may affect eGFR.Results:The prevalence of chronic nephropathy among gout patients was 46.76%(251/537), which the prevalence of mild chronic nephropathy was 34.82%(187/537), and moderate severe chronic nephropathy was 11.92%(64/537). With the decline of eGFR, the older the patients, the longer the course of gout and hypertension, the more the number of joints involved, the higher the blood uric acid, urinary microalbumin, urinary protein, white blood cell count, uric acid excretion fraction (FeUA), and the lower the red blood cell count, hemoglobin and serum albumin. Pearson correlation analysis of eGFR showed that age, duration of gout and hypertension, number of involved joints, hemoglobin, serum albumin, serum uric acid, urinary microalbumin, and FeUA were correlated with eGFR ( r=-0.43, -0.238, -0.25, -0.128, 0.155, 0.138, -0.169, -0.29, -0.372, respectively, P<0.01). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, the course of gout, serum uric acid, microalbuminuria and FeUA were independent risk factors for eGFR decline ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Eldly, long course of gout, poor control of serum uric acid and increased excretion of uric acid and microalbumin are risk factors of gout.

Objective To study clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) . Methods Clinical data and auxiliary examinations of eight patients with ABPA were analyzed, as well as relevant literatures were reviewed. Results All patients had symptom of cough, expectoration, out of breath and wheezing tale, seven of them with history of asthma, and all of them had increased peripheral blood eosinophil (EOS) count, serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and lgE specific for Aspergillus fumigatus and showed positive prick test specific for Aspergillas fumigatus. Six of them showed infiltration shadows and six of them showed bronchiectasis in their chest CT images. Lung function test indicated obstructive ventilation dysfunction or mixed ventilation dysfunction with reversible airflow obstruction after administration of bronchodilator. Conclusions Diagnosis for ABPA should be made by integration of clinical features, increased blood eosinophil count and serum level of IgE, and result of prick test specific for Aspergillus fumigatus. Corticosteroid is a mainstay therapy for ABPA, ancillary with anti-fungi therapy. Patients with ABPA should be followed-up to prevent its recurrence.

Objective To investigate the survival and prognostic factors in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Methods The histopathological slides from 153 patients with GIST were reviewed. The expression of CDllT,CD34,platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-a) and Ki-67 proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining. The factors thatinvolved in the survival and prognosis were analyzed based on the clinical features and GIST biological behavior ranking.The Kaplan-Meier and Cox model were used to evaluate the effect of variant factors on survival and prognosis.Results The survival rate of 135 patients was 94.1% 76.3% and 65.9% at 1,3 and 5 years,respectively.On univariate analysis survival was predicted by tumor size (χ2= 40.565,P＜0.01),primary tumor location (χ2=13.245,P＜0.01),mitotic count (χ2= 22.626,P＜0.01),risk ranking (χ2=19.186,P＜0.01),necrosis (χ2==28.665,P＜0.01),incomplete resection χ2=2 =29.110,P＜0.01) and Ki-67 index (χ2=15.953,P＜0.01).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that thetumor size ＞ 10 cm,primary tumor location,mitotic count＞ 10/50 HPF,high risk subgroup,tumor necrosis and Ki 67 index ＞ 5 % were poor predictors of survival.Ki-67,tumor size and mitotic count were strong poor predictors of survival.Conclusions Fletcher's biological behavior ranking is a good approach to predict prognosis of GIST patients and has significant clinical value.It's better to combine itwith other factors such as Ki-67 index and primary tumor location in order to provide evidence for therapy.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin (IL)-34/colony stimulating factor(CSF)-1R in the process of transforming growth factor ( TGF)-β1 inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) of human alveolar epithelial cells A549 cells.Methods A549 cells were cultured in vitro.CCK 8 was used to test the influence of the proliferative rate of A549 cells which were stimulated by TGF-β1 at different concentrations and time points .A549 cells were stimulated by 5μg/L TGF-β1 at 0 hour, the 12th hour, the 24th hour, and the 48th hour.Western blotting was adopted to detect changes of the following proteins: α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA ) , E-cadherin ( E-Cad ) , matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1). Real-time PCR was adopted to detect changes of the following genes: IL-34 mRNA, CSF-1R mRNA, MMP-2 mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA.Results TGF-β1 had no significant influence in the proliferation of A 549 cells compared with the control group(P>0.05).TGF-β1(5μg/L)stimulated A549 cells at different time point (0 hour, 12, 24, 48 hours), compared with the control group .The epithelial phenotype E-Cad protein was gradually down-regulated ( P <0.01 ) , while the mesenchymal phenotype α-SMA protein was gradually up-regulated ( P <0.01 ) and the protein of MMP-2 increased gradually (P<0.01).The protein of MMP-9 increased firstly and then was reduced (P<0.01),the peak was at the 24th hour.The protein of TIMP-1 was firstly transiently increased and then reduced (P<0.01), the minimum was at the 48th hour.Compared with the control group , the gene of IL-34 mRNA increased gradually (P<0.01), and the genes of CSF-1R mRNA, MMP-2 mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA increased firstly and then decreased ( P <0.01), which were peaked respectively at the 24th hour, the 24th hour, the 12th hour, respectively.Conclusion In the process of TGF-β1 inducing A549 cells transition,there is accompanied with the expression of IL-34/CSF-1R.

Objective To study risk factors with the occurrence of the mesh exposure after pelvic floor reconstruction.Methods From Mar.2007 to Mar.2011,a retrospective study was made on the clinical data of 353 patients undergoing vaginal mesh pelvic floor reconstruction.The related complications of the mesh were surveyed,and risk factors associated with the mesh's exposure were studied by single factor and multiple factors logistic regression.Results It was found that the exposure rate was 9.6％ (34/353) after 1 year postoperative follow-up.Single factor analysis showed that patients who were not less than 70 years old,patients who were on their menopause stage,the occurrence of not less than three parturition,history of pelvic surgery,diabetes and smoking had a significant correlation (all P ＜ 0.05) with the occurrence of the mesh exposure after pelvic floor reconstruction.Multiple factors logistic regression analysis showed that patients who were not less than 70 years of age (OR =2.389),the occurrence of not less than three parturition (OR =2.688),the history of diabetes (OR =3.545),the history of pelvic surgery (OR =5.385) were the independent risk factors,and the operation experience was the protection factors (OR =0.134).Conclusions Mesh exposure is a common complication after pelvic floor reconstruction.Old age,multiple delivery,history of diabetes and history of pelvic surgery are the risk factors of mesh exposure.Preoperative full assessment and the quality of training contribute to reduce the incidence.

To introduce the application of CBL teaching method on neuroanatomy teaching in undergraduate of con -tinue education school .Cases selection and reconstruction , designing problems , organization , implementation and standardized teaching were analyzed .Finally, we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of CBL teaching method.

Objective:To investigate the effects of endostatin on Ang-2/Tie-2 system in ectopic lesion.Methods:Thirty mice of endometriosis model (EM) were established by peritoneum planted.After 1 week of transplantation,model mice were randomly divided into three groups including rAAV2-hEndostatin-EGFP group (n=20),rAAV2-EGFP group (n=20)and PBS control group (n=20).The histology changes were examined in the three groups.The expressions of Ang-2 and Tie-2 Were examined by immunohistochemistry.Results:The EM model mice were established suecessfully.The gland proliferation was obvious in the two control groups.The mesenchymal blood vessel was rich.But there were gland atrophy and blood vessel reducing in endostatin group.There were expressions of Ang-2 and Tie-2 in the cytoplasm of endothelium,epithelial glands and stroma.The positive rate of Ang-2 expression was 40%in endostatin group,much lower than that in other two groups(75%and 80%,P＜0.05).The positive rate of Tie-2 expression was 45%in endostatin group,which was also lower than that in other two groups(80%and 85%,P＜O.05).Conclusion:Endostatin can effectively interfere angiogenesis process of Ang-2/Tie-2,which lays the foundation for clinical therapy by anti-angiogenesis.