Objective To investigate the genetic mutation of the norA gene and its promotor from the wild-type drug-resistance Staphylococeus aureus(S.aureus)strains. Methods A total of 10 antibiotic-resistant S.aureus strains were isolated and screened from the burn wound for the sequencing and analysis of the nora gene and its promoter. Results There isolated 87 S.aureus strains from the burn wound flora,which were completely sensitive to vacomycin,highly sensitive to Quinupristin and Nitrofurantoin,but highly resistant to the other antibiotics,even up to91.7% of MRSA.There found the same point mutation(G→A) located at 1 349 sites of the norA gene coding region in all the S.aureus strains,saying that the amino acid was changed from Gly(glycin)to Asp(agpartic acid) in 291 sites.The resetpine reverse test showed that the MICs value of three antibiotics was lowered at various degrees in all 10strains.Conclusion NorA gene mutation is one of the mechanisms for antibiotic-resistance of S.aureus.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the use of traditional Chinese medicine injections in our hospital for references of clinical rational administration.METHODS:The consumption sum,DDDs,daily drug costs(DDC) of traditional Chinese medicine injections in our hospital during 2003～2006 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Over the 4 years,the incremental rate of the consumption sum of traditional Chinese medicine injections in our hospital experienced a big change,with annual incremental rates of 187%,95%,and —0.4%,respectively.Dominating the first places over the 4 years in respect of DDDs has been the category for cardio-cerebral vessels.The antitumor traditional Chinese medicine injections took the lead in consumption sum and DDC.CONCLUSION:The consumption quantity of traditional Chinese medicine injections experienced a fast increase,suggesting its great market demand.But it has distinctive defects which limited its more broad use.

Objective To investigate the actual cost and benefit of stoma nursing at present as a reference for the improvement of stoma care cost management program. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in gastrointestinal surgery of a tertiary- level hospital in southwestern China from April 2014 to December 2014. The consumption of intestinal stoma care work, the average monthly income/average monthly working hours ratio and other indicators of stoma care nurse specialist were measured by the step cost allocation method, to investigate the actually cost of a single stoma care service which colostomy patients had received and analyze the gap between actually costs and charge standard of Sichuan Province. Results The directly human cost of stoma care expenses were (22.33 ± 3.66) yuan; working fee expenses were (4.18 ± 0.68) yuan;administrative expenses were (1.87 ± 1.32 ) yuan; research and education expenses were (1.87 ± 1.32 ) yuan; the total cost of investment was (29.14 ± 4.76) yuan, which was much higher than the current charge standard of Chengdu Bureau of Commodity Prices (t=119.50, P <0.05). Conclusions There is a difference between the actual cost and charge standard of stoma care. The situation of low pay to labor is not in line with economic laws, and not conducive to the future development of stoma care speciality.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of olanzapine combined with ziprasidone in the treatment of refrac-tory schizophrenia in elderly patients. METHODS:120 elderly patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into control group and study group. Control group was orally treated with Olanzapine tablet 10-20 mg,once a day;study group was orally treat-ed with Ziprasidone hydrochloride capsule 80-120 mg,twice a day+Olanzapine tablet(the usage was the same as control group). The clinical efficacy in 2 groups was evaluated after 2 weeks,PANSS score,FPG,2 h PG,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,body weight, BMI before and after treatment and incidence of adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:There were no significant difference in the total efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the PANSS scores at different time point in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and 12 weeks<8 weeks<4 weeks<2 weeks,the differences were sta-tistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference between 2 groups(P>0.05). There were not signifi-cant differences in the indexes of blood glucose and lipid,body mass and BMI in study group before and after treatment (P>0.05);after treatment,the blood glucose after 8 and 12 weeks and LDL-C,TG,TC,body mass and BMI after 4,8 and 12 weeks in control group were significantly higher than before and study group same time,the HDL-C was significantly lower than before and research group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy and safety of both olan-zapine combined with ziprasidone and olanzapine alone in the treatment of refractory schizophrenia in elderly patients is similar, however,it is better than olanzapine alone in terms of controlling blood glucose and lipid.

Objective To explore the relationship of human papilloma virus (HPV) genotype and loading dose with development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix ( SCC),and explore the relationship of HPV genotype and CIN or SCC.Methods One hundred and twenty four patients in Sun Yat-sen Memoral Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University with CIN or SCC from September 2005 to December 2010 were selected in this study.HPV DNA was detected by Hybrid capture Ⅱand flow-through hybridization and gene chip.The relationship between the infection of HPV and CIN or SCC was analyzed.The influencing factors of CIN or SCC were analyzed by logistic regression.Results The total detection rate of HPV was 75.8％,and it was 44.4％,70.0％,95.7％ and 76.2％ in CIN Ⅰ,CIN Ⅱ,CIN Ⅲ and SCC group,respectively.The detection rate of HPV in high-grade lesion group ( 84.5％ ) was higher than low-grade lesion group(44.4％ ).The median of HPV load decreased in order as CIN Ⅲ,SCC,CIN Ⅱ and CIN Ⅰgroup.Infection of multi-genotypes or single genotype of high-risk HPV accounted for 97.9％.In logistic regression,HPV loading dose had significant influence on degree of cervical lesion.Conclusions Infection of HPV is a main etiological factor for SCC.There is some kind of correlation between HPV loading dose and development of SCC.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin (IL)-34/colony stimulating factor(CSF)-1R in the process of transforming growth factor ( TGF)-β1 inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) of human alveolar epithelial cells A549 cells.Methods A549 cells were cultured in vitro.CCK 8 was used to test the influence of the proliferative rate of A549 cells which were stimulated by TGF-β1 at different concentrations and time points .A549 cells were stimulated by 5μg/L TGF-β1 at 0 hour, the 12th hour, the 24th hour, and the 48th hour.Western blotting was adopted to detect changes of the following proteins: α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA ) , E-cadherin ( E-Cad ) , matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1). Real-time PCR was adopted to detect changes of the following genes: IL-34 mRNA, CSF-1R mRNA, MMP-2 mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA.Results TGF-β1 had no significant influence in the proliferation of A 549 cells compared with the control group(P>0.05).TGF-β1(5μg/L)stimulated A549 cells at different time point (0 hour, 12, 24, 48 hours), compared with the control group .The epithelial phenotype E-Cad protein was gradually down-regulated ( P <0.01 ) , while the mesenchymal phenotype α-SMA protein was gradually up-regulated ( P <0.01 ) and the protein of MMP-2 increased gradually (P<0.01).The protein of MMP-9 increased firstly and then was reduced (P<0.01),the peak was at the 24th hour.The protein of TIMP-1 was firstly transiently increased and then reduced (P<0.01), the minimum was at the 48th hour.Compared with the control group , the gene of IL-34 mRNA increased gradually (P<0.01), and the genes of CSF-1R mRNA, MMP-2 mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA increased firstly and then decreased ( P <0.01), which were peaked respectively at the 24th hour, the 24th hour, the 12th hour, respectively.Conclusion In the process of TGF-β1 inducing A549 cells transition,there is accompanied with the expression of IL-34/CSF-1R.

Objective To study more reasonable method of radiation barrier for cervical cancer treated with external radiation. Methods The distance from cervical canals to tumor's margin in x axis was measured by B ultrasonic, around uterus were evaluated by physical examination.and the dose around uterus for patient who used fixed lead brick for radiation barrier when treated with external radiation were calculationed by TPS, in 39 case of cervical cancer treated with external radiation combine with intracavitary irradiation. Pay attention to the lower dose area around uterus. Results It might bring about lower dose area around uterus who used fixed lead brick for radiation barrier when treated with external radiation,and mass might be in above area. Conclusion Cervical cancer treated with external radiation with source axial distance (SAD), and radiation barrier with lead brick individuate may help for to avoid the lower dose area around uterus.

Objective To compare gross tumor volume (GTV) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) according to MRI and FDG PET/CT and to investigated four fixed threshold methods to delineate the GTV using FDG PET/CT.Methods Fifty patients with primary biopsy-proven NPC were prospectively were enrolled into the study.FDG PET/CT scans and MRI were carried out within one week prior to pretreatment,respectively.The GTV was named GTV-MRI (GTV were delineated according to MRI),GTV-PETvis,GTV-PET30,GTV-PET40,GTV-PET50 (GTV was delineated according to the PET-based GTVs obtained by visual interpretationor,by percentage of the SUVmax (30％,40％,50％) thresholds,respectively).The differences were compared among the GTV-MRI,GTV-PETvis,GTV-PET30,GTV-PET40 and GTV-PET50 in different by Wilcoxon test.Results Of 50 patients,the median of volume descending order were: GTV-MRI 27.8 cm3,GTV-PETvis 22.2 cm3,GTV-PET30 22.7 cm3,GTV-PET40 14.4 cm3 and GTV-PET50 9.0 cm3.However,there was no significant difference between GTV-PETvis and GTV-PET30 (Z=-0.05,P=0.958),as well as GTV-MRI and GTV-PETvis or GTV-PET30 in 25 patients who were T1-2 stage (Z =-0.93,-0.93,P=0.353,O.353),the other GTVs were all different in 50 patients' (Z=-5.74-2.09,P =0.000-0.037).Conclusions All the GTVs delineated by the different methods of using FDG PET/CT were less than the GTV delineated by MRI.The potential advantages with the GTV-PETvis or GTV-PET30 delineated by FDG PET/CT are reduction of biological metabolic tumor volume in GTV delineation and reduction of the size of the GTV in NPC patients.

Scientific management of high-value medical consumables is key to hospital development and service. By setting up a lean logistics management(SPD)platform in the hospital and decoding the international standard bar code(GS1/HIBC), the hospital has established a general coding library of high-value consumables. With RFID Internet of things technology and equipment introduced and business operation templates of each link combined, we have achieved a closed-loop management of both sides of the high-value consumables process.

Objective To explore the brain's metabolism about the hippocampus, anterior cingulate and thalamus of first episode depressive patients. Methods Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and 1 HMRS analyzing technology to detect multiple metabolic indices of the hippocampus, anterior cingulate and thalamus of 20 patients and 20 healthy persons, including N-acetylaspartate ( NAA), choline ( Cho ), myoinositol ( MI ), creatine(Cr). Results The ratios of MI/Cr of the bilateral thalamus of the depressive patients group decreased ( Left (0.23 ±0.13) ,(0.25 ±0.09), t=2.25, P=0.03,Right(0.33 ±0.15,0.34 ±0.04), t=2.42, P=0.02).The ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr of the bilateral hippocampus of the depressive patients group were both lower (NAA/Cr: Left t=3.06, P=0.004,Right t=3.54, P=0.001. Cho/Cr: Left t=2.94, P=0.006,Right t=4.02,P=0.001 ). The ratios of Cho/Cr and MI/Cr of the anterior cingulate of the depressive patients group were both significantly higher (NAA/Cr: t=3.12, P=0. 003;Cho/Cr: t=2.62, P=0.01). Conclusion The metabolic abnormalities of hippocampus, anterior cingulate and thalamus maybe constitute the nervous biochemical basis of first episode depression.