Objective To investigate the value of chest CT in the early diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) complicated with streptococcus pneumonia (SP) in children. Methods Seventy- eight children with pneumonia were selected, among them pneumonia mycoplasma IgM positive but pneumonia streptococcus hemoculture negative was in 45 cases (control group), and pneumonia mycoplasma IgM and pneumonia streptococcus hemoculture positive was in 33 cases (observation group). The chest CT performance was compared between 2 groups. Results The incidences of ground- glass opacity, bronchial wall thickening, branch pipe bundle thickening and reticular shadow in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group: 15.15% (5/33) vs. 73.33% (33/45), 42.42% (14/33) vs. 100.00%(45/45), 33.33%(11/33) vs. 86.67%(39/45) and 36.36%(12/33) vs. 80.00%(36/45), and there were statistical differences (P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in the incidence of bronchial inflation phase between 2 groups (P>0.05). The pleural effusion incidences, pleural effusion thickness and lymph node transverse diameter in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group:42.42%(14/33) vs. 15.56%(7/45), (13.50 ± 6.81) mm vs. (3.22 ± 1.14) mm and (11.18 ± 2.43) mm vs. (2.91 ± 0.84) mm, and there were statistical differences (P<0.01 or<0.05). The incidences of lymph node shadow in 2 groups were 100.00% (33/33 and 45/45). The incidence of irregular pulmonary real change shadow in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group: 81.82%(27/33) vs. 26.67% (12/45), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). Conclusions Simple MP and MP complicated with SP in children has different CT manifestations, and the chest CT examination has certain value in the differential diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of low dose multilayer spiral CT (MSCT) threedimensional reconstruction in diagnosis of children tracheobronchial foreign body.Methods Forty-three children with tracheobronchial foreign body which was confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy were enrolled,and all of the children underwent low dose MSCT three-dimensional reconstruction.The volume data were reconstructed on work station (Siemens) with the techniques of multiple plane reformation (MPR),curved planar reconstruction (CPR),minimum intensity projection (MinIP),volume rendering (VR),CT virtual bronchoscopy (CTVB),and the results of MSCT were compared with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.Results The fiberoptic bronchoscopy results were used as the localization and qualitative diagnosis results.Locations of the foreign body were trachea and bifurcation of trachea (6 cases),right bronchus (23 cases) and left bronchus (14 cases),and the coincidence rate of localization diagnosis of MSCT was 100％ (43/43).Natures of the foreign body were nuts in 21 cases,beans in 5 cases,corn in 2 cases,fruits and vegetables in 6 cases,and other kinds in 4 cases.Qualitative diagnosis by MSCT was medium density foreign body,and the coincidence rate was 100％ (38/38).Five cases had bone mass,qualitative diagnosis by MSCT was high density bony foreign body,and the coincidence rate was 5/5.In 43 children,MPR (CPR) showed 41 cases (95.3％),CTVB showed 33 cases (76.7％),MinIP showed 34 cases (79.1％),VR showed 23 cases (53.5％),and axial scan showed 21 cases (48.8％).MPR (CPR) in showing foreign body rate was higher than other several postprocessing methods,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in the showing of foreign body between CTVB and MinIP (P ＞ 0.05),but CTVB and MinIP were higher than VR and axial scan,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low dose MSCT three-dimensional reconstruction is satisfactory in the diagnosis of children tracheobronchial foreign body.It can accurately evaluate the exact size,location,shape and pulmonary complications of foreign body,thus it plays an important role in the diagnosis of suspicious tracheobronchial foreign body.

Objective: To observe the effect of Kangqianling Granules (Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, etc.) on renal function and renal fibrosis in chronic renal faiure(CRF). Methods: Effect of Kangqianling Granules on Serum Creatinine (SCR), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Laminin (LN), Fibronectin (FN), Precollagen Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ) and Collagen Ⅳ (C Ⅳ) were observed in CRF patients and rats with 5/6 nephrectomy. The expression of FN and C Ⅳ in remnent renal tissue of model rats were determined by immunhistochemistry. Results: Kangqianling Granules decreased significently serum volume for Scr, BUN, LN, PC Ⅲ, C Ⅳ and elevated FN considerably in CRF patients and rats. Kangqianling Granules inhibited the expressions of FN and C Ⅳ protein in remnant renal tissue of model rats. Conclusion:Kangqianling Granules could relieve renal fibrosis and delay process of CRF.

Newly synthesized retinoic acid derivative-retinamide (RII) was employed as differentiation inducing agent. Cultured tumor cells of epithelial origin were exposed to 10-5mol/L RII for 5 passages. These cells included mouse fore stomach carcinoma (MFC, lung metastatic rate 85%), human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE-2Z, 56%), and clonal variants from CNE-2Z, CNE2L2 (100%) and CNE2L4 (13%) . The results of serial observation were as follows. The growth, clone-forming ability, motility, invasiveness of these tumor cells were obviously inhibted. Their adhesion to fibronectin and laminin was increased. Morphological ultrastructure changes, mainly of surface structure, were also observed. These changes suggested that RII made metastatic cells less aggressive and showed a tendency toward differentiation. After exposured to RII, different changes of oncogene and antioncogene expression of these tumor cells were detected. For example, RE caused expression of nm23in MFC cells, but down regulated (decreased) its expression in CNE2L2 cells and similar changes of rasH, fos, nm23, Rb. Expression were observed for CNE-2Z cells and its clonal variants CNE2L2 CNE2ZL2. RII down regulated both these oncogene and antioncogenes in both CNE-2Z and CNE2L2, but up regulated all of them in CNE2L4. The results indicated that oncogene and antioncogene may play different roles in different tumor cells, the same factor (RII) may lead to different changes of gene-expression in different metastatic tumor cells. So the function of oncogene and antioncogene may be of relativity and may be influenced by multifactors. Our data were mostly from in vitro experiments. It could not be deduced completely to a level as a whole in vivo.

Objective To evaluate the analgesic effects of herbal medicine extraction on bone cancer pain of rat models. Methods Rat models of cancer-induced bone pain was established by using the MRMT-1 cell line injected into the tibia. Changes of behavioral signs indicative of pain including 50% paw withdrawal threshold (von Frey tactile sensitivity test)and thermal withdrawal latency were observed. The cellular reorganization of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was measured by histological analysis. Results In the behavioural tests, herbal medicine treatment attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Histological examination showed that herbal medicine inhibited DRG neuronal nuclear and somatic size reduction with nucleolar segregation. Conclusion The herbal medicine extraction was an anti-nociceptive agent in rat models of bone cancer pain.

Objective:To evaluate the anti-metastatic and bone preserving therapeutic effects of herbal medicine extraction on rat model of bone metastatic carcinoma.Methods:A rat model of cancer-induced bone pain using the MRMT-1 cell line injected into the tibia was established to investigate the efficacy of the herbal medicine extraction,on osteoclast activity and bone mineral density.The development of the bone tumor and structural damage to the bone was monitored by radiological analysis.Specimens of the tibial bone were processed for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)stain to observe the bone pathological changes and count TRAP stained osteoclasts.OPG and RANKL expression was evaluated by immunohistological methord.Results:Histological and radiological examination showed that the herbal medicine extraction significantly inhibited tumor proliferation and preserved the cortical and trabecular bone structure.In addition,a dramatic reduction of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-positive polykaryocytes(osteoclasts)and increase of OPG expression were observed.Conclusions:The herbal medicine extraction was an anti-metastatic and bone preserving therapeutic effects in a rat model of metastatic cancer pain.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of plasma concentration of magnesium isoglycyrrhiz-inate in portal vein and peripheral venous blood of patients underwent liver resection,to further validate and evaluate pharmacoki-netic characteristics,rational and safe use of drugs in the clinic. METHODS:31 patients underwent liver resection in our hospital during Oct. 2014-Mar. 2015 were given magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate intravenously at the beginning of surgery. Portal vein and pe-ripheral venous blood of patients were drawn at 1 hour after drug use,and HPLC-UV detection method was used to determine the plasma concentration of drug. RESULTS:The retention time of isoglycyrrhizinate magnesium was 4.5 min,which showed a good peak shape,and was not interfered with the determination by plasma endogenous peak. The plasma concentration ranged from 0.55 to 55.00 mg/L. The minimum quantitative concentration was 0.55 mg/L. The extraction recoveries were 84.7%-87.1%,and method recoveries were 101.2%-105.4%,and RSDs of intra-day and inter-day were less than 6%. Plasma concentration of magnesium iso-glycyrrhizinate in portal vein blood was significantly higher than in peripheral vein blood of patients underwent liver resection (close to 2 times);and plasma concentration was not affected by primary liver diseases and underlying diseases such as cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and has high recovery rate of extraction,high accuracy and high sensitivity. It can meet the needs of pharmacokinetic study. After the application of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate during liver resection,there is higher blood concentration of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in portal vein,which is beneficial to protect liver cells and improve liver func-tion. It is suitable during perioperative period of liver.

Objective To explore the clinical features of adrenocortical oncocytoma for better understanding. Methods A total of 586 patients with adrenal cortical adenoma were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from January 1993 to November 2009, in which 18 were diagnosed as adrenal cortical oncocytoma pathologically, with 7 male and 11 female, aged ( 45.5 ± 15.9 ) years, and the disease course of( 13.3 ± 13.1 )months. Results 6 patients suffered from Cushing's syndrome, 2 primary hyperaldosteronism, 1 had clinical features of both Cushing's syndrome and primary hyperaldosteronism, and 9 were nonfunctional. 4 cases were misdiagnosed as pheochromocytoma preoperatively. All 18 patients were diagnosed by B-mode ultrasound and operation ( 13 by laparoscopy, 5 by laparotomy). 11 tumors were located in the left adrenal while 7 in the right, with the average tumor size of 5.6 cm in diameter. Histopathologically, 1 was oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma, while 17 were adrenocortical oncocytoma, in which 5 were potentially malignant and 12 were benign. 11 patients were followed up for 20.5±20.1 months. 2 patients were dead, and 9 were alive with tumor recurrence in 1 case.ConclusionsAdrenocortical oncocytoma is a pathological diagnosis and the clinical manifestations are various. The tumors are usually large in size, and can easily be found by ultrasound, but may be wrongly diagnosed as pheochromocytoma.Being different from previous reports, the majority of these patients present with endocrine dysfunction. Most of these cases are benign, but malignant potential is obvious. Therefore,follow-up is very important.

Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects of Bushen-Zhuanggu medicine extraction on bone destruction in rats bone cancer pain.Methods Rat models of cancer-induced bone pain were established by inoculating MRMT-1 cells into tibia of rats.Behavioral signs indicative of pain including 50%paw withdrawal threshold(von Frey tactile sensitivity test)and thermal withdrawal latency were observed.Pathomorphological changes of tibia were monitored with HE staining.Results In the behavioral tests,herbal medicine treatment attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia.Histological examination showed that this treatment inhibited tumor proliferation and preserved the cortical and trabccular bone structure.Conclusion Bushen-Zhuanggu medicine extraction is an anti-nociceptive and bone-preserving agent in rats of bone cancer pain.

Objective:To investigate the effect of intrathymic injection of allogenic antigen to sciatic nerve transplantation.Methods:C57BL/6(H-2b) mice were used as donors and BALB/c(H-2d) as recipients. The recipients were divided into four groups: auto-transplantation group, allogenic transplantation group, allogenic transplantation and using immunosuppressive drugs,intrathymic injection group: 3 mol/L KCl MHC antigen extractions were injected into the recipients’ thymus before two weeks before the sciatic nerves were transplanted. In the third week all the recipients underwent immunological detections for IL-2R,TNF-?,mixed lymphocytes culture and apoptosis.Results:All the detections indicated that it was of significant difference between intrathymic injection group and those in allogenic transplantation group.Conclusion:The immunological rejection of allogenic peripheral nerve transplantation can be somewhat inhibited by intrathymic injection of allogenic MHC antigen.