Medical wastes are highly risky as infectious substances or hazardous chemical substances, if out of control, will cause serious environmental pollution and spread of diseases, directly jeopardizing human health. In consideration of such hazards of medical wastes, Chinese laws have made strict regulations on their management, which however fall short in terms of their rigorousness. In the era to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, it is imperative to establish and improve an effective mechanism for the regulation of medical wastes, to further improve China's legal system of medical waste management and to upgrade the law enforcement on it.

Objective To investigate the expression level of miR-21, miR-146a and miR-224 and their clinical significances in cervical cancer .Methods miR-21, miR-146a and miR-224 were extracted from the normal cervical tissues and cervical cancer tissues , and their expression levels were quantified by real-time quan-titative polymerase chain reaction analysis .t test was used to analyze the expression difference of the two tissues and examine the associations between miR expression and the clinicopathological characters .The overall survival was analyzed by log-rank test, and survival curves were plotted according to Kaplan-Meier.Results miR-21 ex-pression levels of cervical cancer tissues and normal cervical tissues were 11.02 ±4.83 and 10.36 ±4.79, and miR-146a expression levels were 24.68 ±7.92 and 22.43 ±7.25, and there was no significant difference for both miR-21 and miR-146a expression between groups (P>0.05).miR-224 expression levels were 5.78 ±1.03 and 3.35 ±0.93 in cervical cancer tissues and normal cervical tissues , and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.001).For cervical cancer tissues, the miR-224 levels were significantly higher in tumors less differentia-ted, in advanced FIGO stage and with lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05).miR-224 levels showed obvious corre-lation with survival time and the median survival time was shorter in patients with higher expression level of miR -224(P <0.05).COX multivariate analysis showed miR-224 expression level was an independent factor in patients'survival and prognosis ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion miR-224 is independent predictor for aggressive pro-gression and poor prognosis in cervical cancer , and it might serve as a biomarker for predicting clinical outcome of cervical cancer patients .

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of aging and castration on the density of andro gen receptor(AR) in the male rat heart. MethodsAR in the heart of rats aged 40d,90d(intact and castrated) and 2 years were demonstrated by means of immunohistochemical technique and the den sity of the positive staining was measured by using image analys is. The optical density of AR in the septum of the rats were analyzed by anova and doncan process of the SAS data analysis system. Re sultsOD(AR) of the group aged 2 years was higher than that of the groups aged 40d and 90d (0. 3550±0. 0077,0. 31080. 0264 and 0. 3149±0. 0200 respectively), thetwolattergroups showed similarly intensive staining, while the value of castrated group(0. 4136±0. 0320) was signif icantly greater than that of intact same aged group. Conclusion The development of sexual gland has little influence in the density of AR in the male rat heart during prepuberty to adult, both old age and castration increase the density of AR in the rat heart.

0.05).The amount of insulin in ZL group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P

Objective To research the significance of detection of cholyglycine(CG) and total bile acid (TBA ) in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP) .Methods Totally 85 gestational patients of ICP and 85 normal pregnancy pregnant women(control group) were chosen .Indexes including CG ,TBA ,ALT ,AST and TBIL were detected ,and the results were compared .Results In ICP group ,the levels of serum CG ,TBA ,ALT ,AST and TBIL were significantly higher than those in the normal control group ,and the differences were statistically significant(P< 0 .05) ;The positive rates of serum CG and TBA in ICP were significant higher than those in control group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The level of CG and TBA in intrahepatie cholestasis of pregnancy are significantly increased and might be sensitive indicators of gestaional diabetes in intrahepatie cholestasis of pregnancy ,the joint detection is of great clinical significance for ICP early diagnosis and monitoring .

Eight-year medical education is an important way to train high-level medical students.According to the eight-year medical educational characteristics of neurosurgery,with reference to the teaching achievement both in domestic and foreign medical schools in conjunction with the characteristics of military medical university students,eight-year medical student clinic practice of neurosurgery has been improved through the application of clinical teaching,and achieved good teaching effect.

[Objective]To investigate the effect of three-dimensional computered tomographic(3DCT)reconstruction on the classification of operation for congenital elevation of the scapula and choice of congenital elevation of the scapula.[Method]Twenty-two patients with congenital elevation of the scapula were scanned with serial spiral CT and the images were three-dimensionally reconstraucted before operation.The scapular altitude difference of both sides were measured with the reference of scapular spine.Different appropriate operations which based on these results and Cavendish's classification were chosen for different patients.[Result]Twenty-two patients were followed-up for 2 years to 4 years,the appearance and the range of motion were improved without injuries of nerve,vessel and spine.[Conclusion]The pathological changes of congenital elevation of the scapula could be displayed clearly by 3DCT,so it is beneficial to choose the methods of operation and avoiding complications.

The aim of the study is to investigate chemical constituents of the leaves of Pieris japonica. The isolation and purification of the constituents were performed by various chromatography and spectral analysis. Three new phenolic glucosides, erythro-syringoylglycerol 4-O-β-D-glucoside (1),1-(2-β-D-glucopyranoxyl-4-methoxyl-6-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyl-1-propanone (3),erythro-1-(4-hydroxyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-β-D-glucopyranoxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanediol (4), along with five known phenolic glucosides, syringoylglycerol 8-O-β-D-glucoside (2), magnolenin C (5), syringaresinol mono-β-D-glucoside (6), 3-(4-hydroxyl-3-methyphenyl)-1-propanol-1-O-β-D-glucoside (7) and 3,5-dimethoxyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucoside (8) were isolated and identified from the plant leaves. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited significantly (P<0.01) the proliferation of murine T and B cells at concentration of 1×10-6 mol·L-1, in vitro.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the time of aerosol inhalation using Budesonide Suspension and Mucosolvan drived by oxygen on prevention of pharyngeal and oral mucosa damage induced by radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS All 108 cases with NPC were divided into 4 groups, each group 27 cases. In 3 treatment groups,aerosol inhalation using Budesonide Suspension and Mucosolvan drived by oxygen were began at the initial , after 5 times, after 10 times radiotherapy respectively. In control group, aerosol inhalation was not used. The rates of third degree of pharyngeal and oral mucosa injury during different dose of radiotherapy were compared among the 4 groups. RESULTS At the dose below 30 Gy, there were no case of third degree of pharyngeal and oral mucosa injury occurred in 3 treatment groups, one case in control group. At the dose of 30 to 40 Gy, third degree injury occurred in all groups, there was no statistical difference among the 4 groups. At the dose over 40 Gy, the patients of third degree injury in group 1 and 2 were less than that in control group. There was no difference between group 3 and control group. CONCLUSION The right time of aerosol inhalation using Budesonide Suspension and Mucosolvan drived by oxygen for prevention of pharyngeal and oral mucosa complication induced by radiotherapy in NPC is at 5 to 10 times after radiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the association of ERCC1 and BRCA1 gene expression with clinical features and sensitivity to platinum-containing chemotherapy in patients with ovarian epithelial carcinoma. Methods Primary ovarian epithelial carcinoma tissues were harvested from 48 patients receiving staging surgery or cytoreductive surgery. Expression of ERCC1 and BRCA1 in the tumor samples was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results ERCC1 expression was correlated with clinical stage(P﹤0. 05)but not with age,pathological type or degree of differentiation(P﹥0. 05). BRCA1 expression was not correlated with any of the clinicopathological features(P﹥0. 05);ERCC1 expression was significantly higher in drug-resistant tissues than in drug-sensitive samples(P﹤0. 05);The expression of ERCC1 and BRCA1 was positive in 89. 58%and 25. 00%of the samples,respectively. Conclusion ERCC1 gene expression is correlated with clinical stage but not with age,pathological type or degree of differentiation. BRCA1 gene expression is not correlated with clinicopathological features. ERCC1 has high positive expression in epithelial ovarian cancer and is correlated with sensitivity of platinum-containing adjuvant chemotherapy.