The implementation of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment policies will have a significant impact on the entire health care system .From the view the implementation of the policies of provinces now , tertiary hospital has been defined as a whole , and did not consider differences between grade b class 3 hospital and grade a class 3 hospital.Based on the overview of the policies , this article analyzed the external environment of the grade b class 3 hospital facing from strengths , weaknesses , opportunities and threats by using SWOT Analysis .Then propose counter-measures and suggestions of enhancing its ability and competitiveness to respond to the policies .

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of crude Paecilomyces tenuipes polysaccharides(cPtPs) and Paecilomyces tenuipes polysaccharides(PtPs) in a rat model of acute hepatic necrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4).METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into four groups(control group,CCl4 group,cPtPs+CCl4 group and PtPs +CCl4 group),the four groups were given intragastrically with normal saline,cPtPs and PtPs for 15 d,respectively.In the last two days,these groups except control group were injected peritoneally with CCl4.Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),direct bilirubin(DBIL) and indirect bilirubin(IBIL) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer.Pathological changes of hepatic tissue were assessed by hematoxylin-eosine(HE) staining.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver homogenate were analyzed using xanthinoxidase and thio-barbituric acid,respectively.The concentration of Ca2+ in hepatocyte mitochondria was determined by colorimetric method.The expression of ?-smooth muscle actin(?-SMA) was examined in hepatic tissue by immunohistochemical method.RESULTS: Compared with control group,serum levels of ALT,AST,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL in CCl4 group increased significantly,denaturation and necrosis implicated to the whole hepatic lobules.Compared with CCl4 group,serum levels of ALT,AST,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL in PtPs +CCl4 group decreased significantly,denaturation and necrosis located in the third region of hepatic lobules,the level of SOD increased and MDA decreased(P

AIM: To study the immune regulation of paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides. METHODS: After subcutaneous injection with 200 mg/L paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides in the back of the rats for 17 days, the white blood cell (WBC) counts, and the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the spleen and thymus of rats were detected. The alveolar macrophages (AM?) cultured with 10% fetal bovine serum-RPMI-1640 for 2 h in vitro , then the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer, and the ability devouring neutral red in the AM? were examined. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the WBC, the levels of GSH in the spleen and thymus, and the activities of LDH and ACP were significantly increased and the ability of devouring neutral red was also strengthened( P

Objective To provide the nurse care evidence of nutritional intervention in patients with lung cancer during radiotherapy and chemotherapy by analyzing the nutritional status of these patients.Methods 55 patients with lung cancer who received chemotherapy and radiotherapy were selected.The nutritional status of these patients were evaluated by laboratory examination data at the time of hospitalized,ongoing and the end of radiotherapy. Results The hemoglobin(Hb),albumin(ALB),body mass and body mass index(BMI)were (130.50 ±17.80)g/L, (41.02 ±5.68)g/L,(61.29 ±8.75)kg,(22.36 ±2.78)kg/m2 respectively at admission;(115.90 ±19.00)g/L, (37.94 ±5.55)g/L,(59.95 ±9.05 )kg,(21.86 ±2.86)kg/m2 respectively during the course of radiotherapy;(110.40 ±19.40)g/L,(36.91 ±5.30)g/L,(58.91 ±9.30)kg,(21.48 ±2.99)kg/m2 respectively at the end of radiotherapy.At different stages of radiotherapy,the nutritional index gradually decreased,the Hb was lower in the middle of the radiotherapy than on admission,the difference was significant(t =8.611,P <0.05).The Hb in the late stage of radiotherapy was lower than the middle,the difference was significant(t =2.492,P <0.05).Although the ALB in the latter stage of radiotherapy was lower than the middle,but the difference was not statistically significant (t =1.464,P >0.05),and the difference was significant compared with on admission(t =4.815,P <0.05).The weight of the patients in the middle period of radiotherapy was less than the time of admission,but the difference was not statistically significant(t =0.781,P >0.05).The weight of patients in the late stage of radiotherapy was lower than the medium term,but the difference was not statistically significant as well(t =0.601,P >0.05),and there was no significant difference compared with on admission(t =1.382,P >0.05).The BMI of the patients with radiotherapy was lower than that at the time of admission,the difference was not statistically significant(t =0.091,P >0.05).The BMI of patients with radiotherapy was lower than that in the medium term,whereas the difference was not statistically significant(t =0.690,P >0.05),and the difference was not statistically significant compared with on admission(t =1.599,P >0.05).The Hb (F =16.643,P =0.000)and ALB(F =7.736,P =0.001)decreased significantly in particular.Conclusion The risk of malnutrition in patients with lung cancer is exist during radiotherapy and chemo-therapy,and it is obvious in the middle -late stage,the changes of physical and biochemical indexes have been appeared,and among them,Hb and ALB are the most obvious,so should be monitored and managed cause these data varied significantly.

AIM: To explore the activative effect of water extract from cultured mycelium of Paecilomyces cicadae (P. cicadae) on peritoneal macrophages (PM?) and alveolar macrophages (AM?) of rats.METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group(Ⅰ), cyclophosphamide (Cy) group (Ⅱ), P. cicadae group(Ⅲ), Cy+ P.cicadae group(Ⅳ).The rats were bred in the same circumstance and were administered with corresponding drugs by subcutaneous injection for 26 days. PM? and AM? of rats were irrigated by normal saline and collected by centrifuge and incubated in a humidified incubator for 2 h at 37 ℃. The activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the PM? and AM? were determined by biochemical methods, and the capability of PM? and AM? in phagocytosis of neutral red were measured by colorimetric method too. RESULTS: After administering P. cicadae to rats, the activities of ACP and LDH in PM? and AM? of normal rats were elevated significantly,and the reduction of the activities of ACP and LDH in PM? and AM? of rats due to Cy was notably antagonized, and the capability of PM? and AM? phagocytizing the neutral red were strengthened significantly.CONCLUSION: P. cicadae can activate the PM? and AM? of rats.

AIM: To explore the immunomodulatory effect of paecilomyces cicadidae polysaccharides (PCPS).METHODS: Subcutaneous injection with 50, l00, 200 mg/kg of PCPS were given in the back of the rats everyday for l5 days. The number of white blood cells (WBC) was counted. The activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and lactase dehydrogenase (LDH)in liver, kidney, spleen and thymus were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The ability of devouring neutral red and activity of ACP, LDH, arginase in alveolar macrophages were also detected. The body weight of the rat everyday during experiment and weight of the spleen and thymus after the rats were killed were measured and wet weight index was calculated.RESULTS: The wet weight index of spleen and thymus, the activity of ACP, LDH, arginase and ability of devouring neutral red in alveolar macrophages in the test group treated with PCPS were significantly higher than those in control group. CONCLUSION: PCPS shows a significant immunomodulatory effect with the increasing counts of WBC and activation of alveolar macrophages in a dose-dependent manner.

AIM: To study the activation and the immune regulation of paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides on macrophages in old rats. METHODS: The ability of devouring neutral red and stimulating index in the alveolar macrophages (AM) and peritoneal macrophages (PM) were observed. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acid phosphatase (ACP) and arginase (Arg) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The shape and structure of spleen macrophages were observed by electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the activity of the LDH/ACP/Arg in the AM or PM and in the culture fluid of the AM or PM were significantly increased (P

AIM: To study the effects of paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides on the immune function and free radical scavenging of tissues in immunosuppressed rats.METHODS: The activities of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and arginase(Arg) in liver,kidney,spleen,thymus of immunosuppressed rats were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer.The content of lipid peroxide(LPO) and the reduced glutathione(GSH) level in liver,kidney,spleen,thymus of immunosuppressed rats were observed.RESULTS: The activity of the LDH,Arg and GSH level were significantly increased,and the LPO content were significantly declined in liver,kidney,spleen,thymus of immunosuppressed rats induced by cyclophosphamide.CONCLUSION: Paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides promote immune function and the ability of free radical scavenging of tissues in immunosuppressed rats.

Objective:To modify Ganodermalucidum polysaccharides(GLP) with sulfate and observe the protective effect of Ganodermalucidum polysaccharide sulfate (GLPS) on the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in the rats,and to investigate its mechanism.Methods:GLP was modified by sulfation to obtain GLPS.A total of 100 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, GLP group (40 mg·kg-1·d-1), GLPS group (40 mg·kg-1·d-1) and nimodipine group (1 mg·kg-1·d-1).The cerebral ischemia reperfusion models were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion method in the rats.The neurologic deficit score and the content of water in brain tissue of the rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury were detected and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected.The levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB),tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the brain tissue homogenate were detected by ELISA.Western blotting method was used to detect the protein expression levels of HSP70 and p-Akt in the brain tissue of the rats.Results:Compared with model group, the neurological function scores of the rats in GLP group and GLPS group were decreased(P<0.01),the water contents in brain tissue were decreased(P<0.05), the SOD activities were increased and the MDA levels were decreased(P<0.05), and the levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were decreased(P<0.05);the effect in GLPS group was significantly better than that in GLP group(P<0.05).The results of Western blotting method showed that the p-Akt protein expression levels in the brain tissue of the rats in GLP and GLPS groups were increased compared with model group (P<0.05);compared with model group, the HSP-70 protein expression level in the brain tissue of the rats in GLPS group was increased(P<0.01),but the effect in GLP group was not obvious.Conclusion:Sulfation can significantly improve the protective effect of GLP on the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in the rats and its mechanism may be related to regulating the HSP70/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibiting the inflammatory reaction damage to the nerve cells of reperfusion.

Combined with the development of modem hospital pharmacy,in light of the present condition of the continuing education for the hospital pharmacists,based on the continuing education mode and method of the affiliated provincial hospital of Anhui medical university pharmacists,from the establishment of continuing education's goal and mode,the construction of hierarchical continuing education system,and education content integration aspects,this paper expounds the role and influence of the pharmacist professional skill contest.Through pharmacist professional skill contest,pharmacist can test and evaluate the hospital pharmacist professional ability,gradually improve pharmaceutical service level and quality of pharmacists.By introducing the pharmacist professional skill contest,pharmacist can not only timely adjust the continuing education's plan and ways,better coordinate with the development of hospital pharmacists,but also provide important technical support and talent reserves for the pharmacist professional skill contest.