Objective: To treat the depressed scars by injecting nanofat and investigate its therapeutic effect. Methods: Autologous fat was harvested from abdomen or thigh using low-pressure suction. The lipoaspirate was mechanically emulsified after rinsing. Emulsification of the fat was achieved by shifting the fat between two 5 ml syringes connected to each other by a three direct connector. After this emulsification process, the fatty liquid was again filtered over the sterile nylon cloth. Nanofat was injected into the dermis of depressed scars using a 26-gauge needle and the injection volume was 1-2 ml/cm². After three months, another injection would be performed if the depressed scar remained obvious. Results: From January 2016 to October 2017, eighteen patients and thirty-three depressed scars were treated. There was a temporary erythema of the injected area that lasted two to three weeks. The clinical result gradually improved over time and were maximal from three months postoperatively for most cases. Three months after nanofat injecting, the cavity of scars was significantly decreased; The color of scars were significantly improved and more close to the adjacent skin; The stiffness of scars was also obvious decreased. The follow-up ranged 4 months to 18 months and the average was 11.0±4.6 months. Seventeen patients were satisfied with the result, one patients was not satisfied and the satisfaction rate was 94%. No infections, fat cysts, granulomas, or other unwanted side effects were observed. Conclusions Nanofat injecting is a definite and effective treatment for depressed scars with fewer complications.

Objective To investigate the role of neutrophils and their IgA Fc receptor CD89 in the occurrence of Henoch-Sch（o）nlein purpura (HSP),to evaluate their effects on vascular endothelial cell apoptosis,and to explore their mechanisms.Methods Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated from 30 children with acute HSP and 9 age-matched healthy controls separately.After isolation of serum IgA by Jacalin affinity chromatography,IgA was purified by polypropylene dextran gel chromatography.Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of CD89 on neutrophils respectively,and flow cytometry was conducted to measure the expression of neutrophil activation marker CD11b.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were co-cultured with neutrophils isolated from patients with HSP (HSP group) and healthy controls (healthy control group) separately.Moreover,the HSP group were divided into 3 subgroups to be treated with serum IgA isolated from the HSP patients (HSP IgA group),monomeric IgA (mIgA group) and phosphate-buffered saline (blank control group) respectively.Then,flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis of co-cultured HUVEC,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)to measure levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the supernatant of co-cultured cells.Results There was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of CD89 on neutrophils between the patients with HSP and healthy controls (P =0.98),but the protein expression of CD89 was significantly lower in the patients with HSP than in the healthy controls (0.60 ± 0.16 vs.0.83 ± 0.24,P =0.03).The expression of CD1 1b on neutrophils was significantly higher in the patients with HSP than in the healthy controls (1 880.25 ± 388.29 vs.1 109.25 ± 364.25,P ＜ 0.01).The apoptosis rate of co-cultured HUVEC was also significantly higher in the HSP group than in the healthy control group (37.44％ ± 5.49％ vs.17.14％ ± 4.45％,P ＜ 0.01).In addition,the H SP IgA group showed significantly higher apoptosis rate of cocultured HUVEC and levels of IL-8 and TNF-cα in the supematant compared with the mIgA group (all P ＜0.01) and blank control group (P ＜ 0.01,=0.01,=0.02,respectively).Conclusions Peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with HSP are activated,which can induce the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.HSP IgA can promote the neutrophil-mediated apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α,while mIgA may show a certain inhibitory effects.

Objective: To introduce a reconstruction procedure of natural sideburn, with combined expanded retroauricular flap and scalp flap. Methods: A retrospective study was produced in Plastic Surgery Hospital, PUMC, from January 2014 to December 2017. Twenty patients (21 sides) underwent sideburn reconstruction with combined expanded retroauricular flap and scalp flap (double pedicled flap, n=3; single pedicled flap, n=17) were included in this study. There were 12 male (12 sides) and 8 female (9 sides), with the mean age of (23.8±3.2) years. The sideburn defect was caused by burn in 19 patients, and it was resulted from hemangioma in 1 patient. Results: The size of flaps ranges from 8 cm×12 cm to 10 cm×16 cm. Venous congestion at the distal end of the flap occurred in 1 patient, which was cured after dressing change, and the sideburn was not affected. The reconstructed sideburns are natural, symmetric, and without obvious scar. The follow-up time was 3-40 months. Fourteen patients were very satisfied with the reconstructed sideburn, and 6 patients were satisfied. No severe complication was observed during follow-up time. Conclusions The combined retroauricular flap and scalp flap is an alternative method for sideburn reconstruction, which provide natural hair distribution, inconspicuous scars and less complications.

Objective: To explore a surgical method for the reconstruction of naturally dynamic double eyelid by fully reserving orbicularis oculi muscle. Methods: Incisional double eyelid blepharoplasty were performed on 352 patients. Orbicularis oculi muscle in incisional and pretarsal area were completely preserved. Muscle was elevated from plate by resecting deep muscular myolemma and muscles to form pretarsal myocutaneous flap. Thereafter, the orbital septum was completely exposed. The free end of muscle flap was fixed to a higher position of the levator aponeurosis. The orbital septum was repaired at the same time. Results: From June 2009 to December 2017, 352 patients were performed double eyelid blepharoplasty using above technique. They are 337 females and 15 males. Fifty-two patients were followed up for 6-60 months, with the mean time of 27 months. All the incisions were uneventfully healed. The new double eyelid presented smooth appearance, and the so-called " sausage" phenomena were not noticed. There was no concave groove or step-like deformity when eyes closed. Forty-five patients were satisfied with the outcomes. Two patients had shallower supratarsal folds on one side, and 1 patient underwent secondary repair. Two patients complained about asymmetry. Two patients suffered from mild unilateral eyelash eversion (without need of reparation). Conclusions The combined application of deep and superficial myolemma release of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and orbital septum reset, could create a double eyelid with natural and dynamic appearance.

Objective: To investigate the clinical outcome of autologous thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes for the treatment of large scar with depigmentation, caused by extensive burn. Methods: From August 2016 to June 2018, autologous thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes was used on 19 patients, who had depigmented extensive burn scar. They include 15 males and 4 females, aged 19-54 years. The operation was performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia. Local mechanical abrasion was carried out at the depigmented surface of the scar, until the superficial dermis. The thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes was transplanted to the wound at recipient site, followed by package and fixation. The package was kept for two weeks. Results: After a follow-up period of 3-6 months, all the grafts survived well with satisfactory appearance. The defects at donor site healed well too. Conclusions Satisfactory outcome can be achieved with autologous thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes for the treatment of depigmented scar caused by extensive burn.

BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone