Study on 50 patients (male: 12, female: 38), between the ages of 72 and 40, with hypertension (62% of patients), obesity (60%) in which abdominal obesity (78%) was carried out in Bach Mai Hospital during July 2000- March 2001. The results found that the lipemia disorder frequently occurred in patients with reduced glucose toleration according to the classification of Fredrichson (type IV). 69% patients with the reduced glucose toleration had a lipemia disorder accompanying with hypertension. The risk of hypertension among these patients was higher 6.7 times than this among patients without the lipemia disorder. 93% patients with the reduced glucose toleration and obesity had a lipemia disorder. This rate in the patients with abnormal obesity was 97%; 100% of patients with the reduced glucose toleration had signs of coronary insufficiency
Glucose ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; Blood Glucose

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is known to be attached to the luminal surface of vascular endothelial cells in a complex with membrane-bound heparan sulfate, and released into blood stream by heparin. LPL that catalyzes hydrolysis of triglyceride (TGL) on chylomicron and VLDL into two fatty acids and monoacylglycerol, is also implicated to participate in an enhancement of cholesterol uptake by arterial endothelial cells in vitro. But little is known about the LPL-mediated cholesterol uptake in physiological state. In this study, changes in blood lipid composition and levels of lipoproteins were determined after the injection of heparin in human. The level of LPL in plasma was increased from 0 to 11 mU/ml within 30-40 min post-heparin administration and decreased to the basal level within 2 h. The level of TGL in plasma decreased from 70 mg/dl to 20 mg/dl within 1 h and gradually increased to 80 mg/dl within 4 h. However the level of total cholesterol in plasma remained at 140 mg/dl during an experimental period of 4 h. Analysis of Lipoproteins in plasma by NaBr density gradient ultracentrifugation showed that the level of VLDL decreased from 50 mg/dl to 10 mg/dl within 1-2 h and returned to normal plasm level at 4 h. However there were no significant changes in the level of LDL and HDL. These results suggest that, at least, in normo-lipidemic subjects, increased free plasm LPL acts primarily on VLDL and failed to show any significant uptake of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in human.
Adult ; Cholesterol/blood ; Heparin/pharmacology* ; Heparin/administration & dosage ; Human ; Immunoblotting ; Lipoprotein Lipase/blood* ; Lipoproteins/blood* ; Lipoproteins, HDL/blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL/blood ; Lipoproteins, VLDL/blood ; Triglycerides/blood

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Yifuning (YEN) capsule on blood lipids of ovariectomized hyperlipidemia rats.

METHODFifty-six female mature Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 7 groups: normal control group, model control group, diethylstilbestrol tablets (DT) group, Xuezhikang group, YFN high, middle and low dose groups. The ovariectomized rats were fed on high fat diet and administrated with the drugs for 3 weeks, then were killed and estimated body weight, liver index and five items of blood lipid (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL) by test kit. Enzyme (such as HP, LDL, and whole lipase) was detected too.

RESULTThe weight and liver index of model control group increased obviously as compared with normal group. YFN could reduce TG, TC, and LDL-C (P < 0.05) of ovariectomized hyperlipidemia rats obviously and increase HP, LDL and whole lipase (P < 0.05) on the other hand.

CONCLUSIONYFN can ameliorate blood lipids of ovariectomized hyperlipidemia rats.

Animals ; Capsules ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; Lipase ; blood ; Lipids ; blood ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; blood ; Materia Medica ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Oviducts ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Ranidae ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

This study was performed to investigate the effects of a levan diet on the body fat accumulation and serum lipid composition of 29 Korean women over a period of up to 12 weeks (n = 13 for the control group, n = 16 for the levan group). The subjects ate an uncooked diet (6 g) with 400 ml of tap water twice a day. The mean body weight and height measurements of the subjects (levan group) at the outset were 66.0 +/- 8.8 kg and 156.7 +/- 5.3 cm, respectively. The subjects showed a significant reduction in weight, body fat mass, anthropometric measurements and skinfold thickness during the experimental period. The waist hip ratio (WHR) was 0.88 +/- 0.03 at the outset, and fell to 0.82 +/- 0.05 after 4 weeks. The intake of levan was also influenced on the levels of serum Fe, leptin, lipoprotein lipase, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride. The serum glucose levels were within the normal range during the experimental period. The initial serum triglyceride level was 121 mg/dl, but fell to 103 mg/dl after 4 weeks of levan supplementation. The current study demonstrates that a levan diet is effective in controlling weight, body fat, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
Adipose Tissue* ; Blood Glucose ; Body Weight ; Diet ; Female ; Fructose* ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Leptin ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; Obesity ; Polymers* ; Reference Values ; Skinfold Thickness ; Triglycerides ; Waist-Hip Ratio ; Water

OBJECTIVETo investigate polymorphisms in the gene for lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in Chinese populations with coronary heart disease (CHD) and to inquire into the relationship between these polymorphisms in LPL gene and CHD.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from patients with CHD and normal control subjects using a salting out method. The entire coding region and flanking sequences of all coding exons of the LPL gene were amplified by PCR technique and PCR products were detected by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and sequenced with a dideoxy terminal termination method.

RESULTSA novel polymorphic site, G830A, that is within the fifth exon of the LPL gene was found. The 192 codon CGA was changed into CAA and resulted in the substitution of glutamine for arginine. Between the control and CHD groups, chi-square test showed no significant difference in the frequencies of the A/A genotype and A allele (P > 0.05). However, the frequencies of A/A genotype and A allele (0.653 and 0.786) in CHD patients with high plasma triglyceride/lowed plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher than those (0.415 and 0.642) in CHD patients without hyperlipidemia (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNo direct association was found between the LPL Arg192-->Gln substitution polymorphism and CHD, but there is a significant positive correlation between the A/A genotype of the LPL gene and CHD associated with high triglyceride/lowed high density lipoprotein cholesterol. This study may provide new data for exploring the molecular mechanism of CHD.

Alleles ; Apolipoproteins ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; enzymology ; genetics ; DNA ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; blood ; genetics ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; genetics ; Lipoproteins ; blood ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and mechanism of Yangxincao Capsule (YXCC) in regulating lipids.

METHODSSixty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, the normal control group (A), the hyperlipidemia model group (B), the high, middle and low dose YXCC treated groups (C, D and E), and the Shanzhajing (SZJ) treated group (F) for positive medicine control. Except for the rats in the normal control group, the other 50 were daily fed with fatty emulsion for 10 days to establish hyperlipidemic model. From the I th day on, in the same time of continually feeding with fatty emulsion they were administered with water, high (1.08 g/kg), middle (0.54 g/kg), low dose (0.27 g/kg) of YXCC and SZJ (5.4 mg/kg) respectively for 10 days, while to rats in Group A equal volume of water was given. At the 21th day, after rats were fasted for 16 h, their blood was extracted from post-orbital vein to detect the level of serum lipids, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein (apo) and lipid metabolic enzyme.

RESULTSCompared with Group A, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) increased remarkably, and the level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) dropped obviously in Group B. While in the four treated groups the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly reduced, HDL-C and its sub-components 2 and 3 (HDL2-C and HDL3-C), as well as the ratio of HDL-C/TC were raised. Besides, the content of apo-Al was increased and apo-B was decreased significantly in Group C and D, activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) increased in the three YXCC treated groups, all showed statistical significance (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) as compared with those in Group B.

CONCLUSIONYXCC could remarkably modulate the lipid metabolic disorder in hyperlipidemic rats, and has a certain bi-directional regulating function on lipoprotein, inferring that it could reduce the risk of occurring coronary artery diseases. The mechanism of regulating lipid metabolism might be related with the increasing activity of LCAT, LPL and eliminating of cholesterol by the elevated level of HDL2-C.

Animals ; Capsules ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; metabolism ; Male ; Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triglycerides ; blood

3'-Deoxyadenosine, so-called cordycepin, is a bioactive component of the fungus Cordyceps militaris. It has been known to exhibit multiple-biological effects including: modulation of immune response, inhibition of tumor growth, hypotensive and vasorelaxation activities, and promoting secretion of adrenal hormone. To investigate its lipid-lowering effect, hyperlipidemic hamsters and rats fed by high-fat diet were both administered orally with cordycepin extracted from Cordyceps militaris for four weeks. The levels of lipids in hamsters and rats were measured enzymatically before and after the administration of cordycepin (12.5, 25 and 50 mg x kg(-1)). The results suggested that levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) increased markedly in the two animal models by feeding high-fat diet. Meanwhile, cordycepin reduced levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C as well as LDL-C/HDL-C (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and TC/HDL-C ratios. In concert with these effects, an increase in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activity afforded by cordycepin was considered to contribute to the regulation on lipid profiles. Furthermore, no toxicity of cordycepin was observed by intragastric administration at the maximal tolerant dose in ICR mice for 14 days. The exact lipid-lowering effect of cordycepin needs further investigation.
Animals ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, VLDL ; blood ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Deoxyadenosines ; adverse effects ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lipase ; blood ; Lipids ; blood ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; blood ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene Ser447Ter polymorphism and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (CI), and to investigate the effect of Ser447Ter polymorphism on plasma lipids, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery plaque (CAP) in patients with CI.

METHODSPCR-restriction fragment lengh polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to detect LPL gene Ser447Ter polymorphism in 166 patients with CI (CI group) and 72 healthy subjects (control group). Carotid IMT and CAP were measured with carotid color ultrasonographic doppler for the patients and the controls.

RESULTSCG+GG carriers had lower plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and higher high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than CC carriers in CI group (P=0.001 and P=0.007 respectively). CG+GG carriers had lower plasma TG levels than CC carriers in control group (P=0.041). The frequency of G allele in CI patients was significantly lower than that in control subjects (P= 0.014). There was no statistical correlation between LPL Ser447Ter gene polymorphism and carotid IMT and CAP.

CONCLUSIONThe Ser447Terls polymorphism of LPL gene is significantly associated with plasma lipids and CI. G allele genotype may lead to decrease of plasma TG and increase of plasma HDL-C. G allele may be a protective genotype of CI.

Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; genetics ; pathology ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of S447X mutation and Hind III polymorphism in the lipoprotein lipase gene with dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome in patients with essential hypertension.

METHODSA total of 983 patients were randomly selected from those with hypertension (diagnosed in the Community-based Comprehensive Studies on Prevention and Control of Hypertension Project in China) and those not treated with anti-hypertensive medications for at least in 2 weeks immediately before blood collection. Among them were 389 subjects with dyslipidemia and 594 subjects without dyslipidemia. The definition of dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension was used only when triglyceride or HDL-cholesterol was at abnormal level. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine Ser447stop mutation and Hind III polymorphism in LPL gene.

RESULTSLinkage disequilibrium between the two sites was observed, with three major haplotypes identified: H+S, H-S, and H-X. The LPL gene S447X mutation and H-X haplotype were significantly associated with dyslipidemia (OR=0.547, 95%CI: 0.348-0.859 for S447X mutation; OR=0.537, 95%CI: 0.328-0.880 for H-X haplotype) in male, both by themselves and after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, education and serum glucose. The LPL H- carriers and H-S haplotype were significantly associated with dyslipidemia (OR=0.575, 95%CI: 0.358-0.923) in female after multivariate adjustment. Moreover, compared with the H+S haplotype, the H-X haplotypes were associated with significantly lower TG and Log (TG/HDL-C) levels in both men and women, and with higher HDL-C levels in women; whereas no significant difference was observed between the H-S and H+S haplotype. Compared with the H-S haplotype, the H-X haplotypes had significant effect on the HDL-C levels in women.

CONCLUSIONThe LPL H-X haplotype was one of the protective factors of dyslipidemia of metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients. It is significantly associated with low triglyceride, log triglyceride-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio and high HDL-cholesterol levels. S447X mutation does not explain all the effect associated with the Hind III polymorphism, although the effect on serum lipids associated with the H-X haplotype appeared to be mainly mediated by the S447X mutation. It is possible that some functional mutations in the LPL gene besides the S447X mutation are in linkage disequilibrium with the Hind III polymorphism.

Aged ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Dyslipidemias ; blood ; complications ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Triglycerides ; blood

AIMTo study the effect of propylene glycol mannate sulfate (PGMS) on blood lipids and lipoprotein lipase in hyperlipidemic rat, and its anti-hyperlipidemic mechanism.

METHODSPGMS was administered ig at different doses (37.8 mg.kg-1.d-1 and 75.6 mg.kg-1.d-1) to hyperlipidemic rats for three weeks and blood serum was obtained after starved 12 h. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were examined. The mRNA expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in liver, spleen and artery was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSPGMS significantly decreased the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C and increased that of HDL-C in hyperlipidemic serum dose-dependently. PGMS was shown to increase the level of LPL mRNA expression, which is related directly to the controlling effects of PGMS on blood lipids.

CONCLUSIONPGMS modulated blood lipids by promoting mRNA expression of LPL. This may be one important mechanism of PGMS to modulate blood lipids.

Animals ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Propylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triglycerides ; blood