Three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectra and thin layer fluorescence chromatogram of common Camptotheca fruit (CCF) crude drug, camptothecin (CPT) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) have been studied, and a novel fluorimetric method for determination of CPT in CCF crude drug has been established. In 3D fluorescence spectra, CPT presented 3 fluorescence peaks with excitation wavelengths lambdaex of 215, 255 and 365 nm, separately, and all peaks with emission wavelength lambdaem of 430 nm. HCPT presented 4 fluorescence peaks with lambdaex of 220, 265, 325 and 375 nm, separately, and all peaks with lambdaem of 555 nm. The fluorescence of CPT is much stronger than that of HCPT. Comparison of 3D fluorescence spectra and analysis of thin layer fluorescence chromatogram revealed that the main fluorescent component of CCF is CPT. HCPT and other components basically do not interfere with the fluorescence of CPT. Under the condition of pH 3.0-6.7, CCF aqueous solution can produce strong and steady fluorescence. Using methanol as solvent, the extracting solution of CCF was prepared, and diluted properly with water, then measured fluorescence intensity at lambdaex/lambdaem = 365/430 nm to determine the content of CPT. A linear calibration curve covered the concentration range 0.002 35-0.235 microg x mL(-1). The regression equation was IF = 9 + 30,844 c, with correlation coefficient r = 0.999 (n=9). The method has been applied to the analysis of CPT in a CCF sample, with a result of 0.127% and a spiked recovery rate of 102%. The reliability of the method has been verified by a thin layer chromatography-fluorescence scanning method. Experimental results demonstrated that this method can be used for quality evaluation of CCF crude drug.

Objective:To observe the effects of osteoprotegerin on osteoclasts in the occlusal tissue during tooth eruption in dog and analyze the mechanism. Methods: Six 7-day-old brood dogs were divided randomly to control and osteoprotegerin groups. The dogs in osteoprotegerin group were injected with osteoprotegerin for 3 days 1.5 mg/(kg?d). 5 days after injection the dogs were sacrificed and mandible were taken out for paraffin slice. The number of the osteoclasts in the occlusal tissue up the third mandibular premolar was detected by tartrate-resistance acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expressions of RANKL. Results: The number of osteoclasts in osteoprotegerin group was less than that in the control group (P

Objective To study the angiographie characteristics of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 292 patients with CHD underwent a selective angiography were selected,the characteristics of coronary arteriongraphy were compared in CHD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic group.Results In type 2 diabetes mellitus group,the degree of stenosis was higher than that in nondiabetic group (78.01% vs 52.32% )(P < 0.05 ), and the rate of three-vessel disease was higher than that in nondiabetic group (59.57% vs 36.42% )(P <0.05).Conclusion The angiographic characteristics were different in CHD patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with more severity of lesion and more lesion vessel.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of the icaritin on the human cronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Methods The K562 cells at logarithmic growth phase were divided into the control group and the icaritin group. The cells in the control group were normally treated and the cells in the icaritin group were incubated with 8 μmol/L icaritin. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method and flow cytometry were used to examine the proliferation and apoptotic changes in the two groups after incubation for 72 h, respectively. Gene expression of p85 and Akt were detected by RT-PCR. The protein changes of p85, Akt, p-p85, p-Akt cleavage-caspase-3 and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation rate of K562 cells in the icaritin group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), however the apoptotic rate of K562 cells and the expressions of p-p85, p-Akt, cleavage-caspase-3 in the icaritin group were significantly increased (all P< 0.05), but the expressions of p85 mRNA, Akt mRNA and caspase-3 protein had no difference (all P> 0.05). Conclusion Icaritin could induce the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of K562 cell, and its mechanism may be achieved through activating the PI3K-Akt signal transduction pathway.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of fasudil combined with fibrinogenase for injection on sudden sensorineural hearing loss of old people. Methods Ninety old patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss were randomly divided into fasudil group, fibrinogenase group and combined group (n=30 in each group).After the treatment, improvement of deafness and tinnitus were compared among the three groups. Hemorrheology, coagulation function, blood routine examination, liver and kidney function profile, and blood lipid were compared before and after the treatment. Results The total effective rate of deafness was significantly higher in the combined group ( 93. 3%) than in the fasudil group ( 90. 0%) and the fibrinogenase group (86.7%) (both P<0.05).The total effective rate of tinnitus was significantly higher in the combined group (93.3%) than in the fasudil group (83.3%) and the fibrinogenase group (80.0%) (both P<0.05).After the treatment, blood viscosity and coagulation function were significantly improved in the three groups (all P<0.05).As compared with the fasudil group and the fibrinogenase group, blood viscosity was significantly improved in the combined group (both P<0.05). Conclusion Fasudil combined with the fibrinogenase for injection for sudden sensorineural hearing loss of the old people has preferable curative efficacy, and can effectively improve clinical symptom, blood viscosity and coagulation function of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objective To study the radiographic findings of lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung. Methods Twenty five patients with lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung were examined by X ray film, tomography, and CT. Results Multiple and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were observed in 2 patients with pulmonary pseudolymphoma. Multiple nodules or masses were observed in 4 patients with pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy was observed in each patient with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenophathy, 2 patients had multiple nodules or masses, 8 patients had single or multiple patchy infiltrations, 10 had diffuse interstitial infiltrations. 3 patients with Castlemen′ disease had a mass in the mediastinum, and another patient had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Conclusion Radiographic findings of lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung are varied, and the final diagnosis relies on pathology.

There are many factors which can affect the quality of graduate student education,such as management,tutors,and individuals,which are usually the main aspects.Scientific management is the essential factor for high quality of education.This article introduced the experiences of graduate education in Capital Medical University,and discussed some problems which should be coped with.

With the popularization and internationalization of higher education,the quality of higher education has been more and more attented to. The article has reviewed the overseas system of evaluation of graduate education,discussed the system in China,and advanced some suggestions on self-evaluation of graduate education in China.

To introduce the necessity,contents and means of vocational training among fresh nurses (who work in the first year after graduation),to explore how to enhance the comprehensive professional qualitiy training mode for graduated nurses.