Objective: To apply network analysis for exploring the relationship of maltreatment experiences and peer relationships with school bullying among middle school students, so as to provide empirical evidences for the development of targeted intervention programs. Methods: From March to April 2024, a total of 2 119 middle school students aged 12-18 in Shantou City were selected through stratified cluster random sampling. Self administered questionnaire was used to collect data on bullying experiences, maltreatment, and peer relationships. The Glasso network model was employed to estimate network structure. Results: The strongest edge in the network of maltreatment experiences, peer relationships and school bullying was the connecting line connecting peer acceptance and peer terrorized low self esteem (edge weight=0.59) among middle school students. The network faked fraudulent victimization was the most central node in the whole network (strength=7.98). The bridge symptoms of the network were sexual abuse, property bullying of others, relational bullying victimization, and verbal bullying of others, with the strongest bridge node being sexual abuse (bridge strength=1.07). In the accuracy estimation of centrality indices, closeness centrality demonstrated the highest accuracy, followed by strength and betweenness, with coefficient of stability of 0.60, 0.44 and 0.21, respectively. The stability of the network was good. Conclusion Peer acceptance has the strongest correlation with peer fear and inferiority, and is closely related to emotional abuse and emotional neglect.

Autophagy is a fundamental biological metabolic process involved in immune defense, material metabolism, and homeostasis and closely linked to immune regulation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a widespread connective tissue disorder primarily resulting from immune system imbalance. Due to the immune system's failure to recognize its own substances, it generates autoantibodies that can affect various tissues and organs, leading to diverse clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis and treatment of SLE are currently under extensive investigation. In normal metabolic processes, autophagy engages in both innate and adaptive immunity, regulates the immune response, and is crucial for maintaining normal immune function and the body's internal homeostasis. Research has indicated that SLE patients exhibit immune dysfunction and altered autophagy levels. Modulating autophagy expression can influence immune system functionality and alleviate SLE symptoms. Additionally, autophagy aids in the innate immune response and adaptive immunity by clearing metabolites and regulating the life cycle of immune cells. Studies suggest that drugs targeting autophagy can positively influence the progression of SLE. This article reviews advancements in research regarding the impact of autophagy on the pathogenesis of SLE through the regulation of immune system functions.
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology* ; Autophagy/immunology* ; Humans ; Animals ; Immunity, Innate ; Adaptive Immunity ; Disease Progression ; Immune System/immunology*

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.03.002.].

Depression is increasingly prevalent among adolescents and can profoundly impact their lives. However, the early detection of depression is often hindered by the time-consuming diagnostic process and the absence of objective biomarkers. In this study, we propose a novel approach for depression detection based on an affective brain-computer interface (aBCI) and the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG). By fusing EEG features associated with both emotional and resting states, our method captures comprehensive depression-related information. The final depression detection model, derived through decision fusion with multiple independent models, further enhances detection efficacy. Our experiments involved 40 adolescents with depression and 40 matched controls. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 86.54% on cross-validation and 88.20% on the independent test set, demonstrating the efficiency of multimodal fusion. In addition, further analysis revealed distinct brain activity patterns between the two groups across different modalities. These findings hold promise for new directions in depression detection and intervention.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression/diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Rest ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Models, Psychological ; Reproducibility of Results ; Affect/physiology* ; Photic Stimulation/methods* ; Video Recording ; Brain/physiopathology*

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotype trends of rotavirus infection among the population with diarrhea in China, from 2009 to 2020 and provide evidence for strategic surveillance and prevention.Methods:Surveillance data on diarrhea syndrome from 252 sentinel hospitals across 28 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) were obtained from the information management system of the Infectious Disease Surveillance Technology Platform of the National Science and Technology Major Project. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the distribution of rotavirus diarrhea cases in different climatic zones, populations, and times from 2009 to 2020, as well as the genotyping characteristics and changing trends of group A rotavirus diarrhea cases.Results:From 2009 to 2020, a total of 114 606 diarrhea cases were tested for rotavirus, and the positive rate was 19.1% (21 872/114 606); group A rotavirus was dominant (98.2%, 21 471/21 872). The positive rate of rotavirus was the highest in 2009 (36.9%, 2 436/6 604) and 2010 (30.6%, 5 130/16 790), fluctuated between 14.0% to 18.0% from 2011 to 2017, raised slightly in 2018 (20.3%, 2 211/10 900), and declined continuously in the following two years (15.5%, 2 262/14 611 and 9.5%, 470/4 963). The positive rate of males (20.2%, 13 660/67 471) was significantly higher than that of females (17.4%, 8 212/47 135). Children under five had the highest positive rate (28.4%, 18 261/64 300), more than four times that of adults. The positive rate peaked from December to February in the mediate temperate zone, warm temperate zone, and subtropical zone, while there were two peaks from November to January and May to June in the frigid zone of the plateau. The dominant genotype of group A rotavirus gradually changed from G3P[8] and G1P[8] to G9P[8] during 2009-2020.Conclusions:The overall rotavirus infection rate in China was on a downward trend. Meanwhile, significant variations of positive rates were observed in seasonal epidemics and different age groups from 2009 to 2020. Rotavirus diarrhea in children was still a prominent concern. Vaccination of rotavirus vaccine should be promoted, and the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of rotavirus diarrhea should be continuously monitored.

Objective:To analyze the whole genome sequence and key site mutations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients with different stages of disease progression, and to understand the relationship between HBV genetic characteristics and disease progression.Methods:Serum samples and basic information of hepatitis B patients with asymptomatic HBV carrier, chronic hepatitis B patients, cirrhosis patients and primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients were collected. Nested PCR was used to amplify the samples to obtain HBV whole gene sequences. Phylogenetic trees were constructed to determine the genotype of the samples, and gene mutations of the samples were analyzed combined with reference sequences of each type.Results:A total of 256 samples were successfully amplified, including 68 asymptomatic HBV carrier patients, 118 CHB patients, 15 LC patients and 55 HCC patients, and five genotypes (B, C, D, I and C/D) were detected. The result of comparative analysis showed that the mutation rate of 56 nucleotide sites was significantly different among the four groups ( P<0.05). In addition to the discovery of C105T, A1762T/G1764A and G1899A and other previously reported key site mutations, the mutation rates of T53A, C1485T and C1628T in newly diagnosed HCC group were significantly higher than those in other groups, and the mutation rates of T2150G and T2151C in asymptomatic HBV infection group were significantly higher than those in other groups. A total of 26 sequences were deleted, mainly distributed in the pre-C and pre-S regions. The deletion mutation rate in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. Conclusions:The data of this study indicate that some nucleotide substitution mutations and deletion mutations may be closely related to the occurrence and development of HBV-related diseases, and HCC patients are more likely to have gene mutations than non-HCC patients. These result provide a reference for understanding the relationship between viral mutation and the progression of HBV infection-related diseases.

Background Results of genetic testing for antipsychotic drugs can guide the rational use of drugs in clinical practice and help improve the clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.However,there is currently limited evidence in China regarding the impact of genetic testing results on medication adherence,social function and drug side effects of antipsychotic drug treatment.Objective To explore the improvement of clinical symptoms,medication adherence and social function in patients with schizophrenia under the guidance of antipsychotic drug gene testing results and examine the safety of drug treatment,so as to provide references for ifor precise treatment of schizophrenia patients.Methods Patients with acute schizophrenia who received hospitalization at Dazhou Minkang Hospital from July 2019 to August 2021 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases,tenth edition(ICD-10)were selected as research subjects(n=144).Based on random number table,subjects were divided into study group and control group,with 72 cases in each group.Control group received drug treatment based on the doctor's clinical experience,while study group received drug treatment based on the results of gene testing for antipsychotic drug.Both treatments lasted for 12 weeks.At baseline as well as 2,4,8 and 12 weeks after treatment,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS-8),Social Functional Rating Scale(SFRS)and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS)were adopted for assessment.Result Time effect and group effect of the reducing rate of PANSS,MMAS-8 and SFRS scores in the groups were statistically significant(Ftime=95.251,6.650,14.101,Fgroup=38.055,58.175,128.221,P<0.01).The interaction effect of the reduction rates of MMAS-8 scores in two groups was statistically significant(Finteraction=5.837,P<0.01).The group effect and interaction effect of the severity scores of drug side effects and patient pain scores in two groups were statistically significant(Fgroup=7.553,81.533,Finteraction=8.693,9.322,P<0.01).Conclusion In terms of improving clinical symptom relief,medication adherence,social function and drug side effects,medication for patients with schizophrenia guided by genetic testing of antipsychotic drugs may be more effective than that relying on medication based on clinical experience.

Tumor immunotherapy occupies a pivotal position in the field of hematological malignancies.Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy has established a new therapeutic pattern for hematological immunotherapy and achieved satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of B-lineage hematological malignancies.However,CAR T-cell therapy has some limitations in the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia because of the presence of CAR T-cell fratricide,tumor cell contamination,T-cell aplasia,and other clinically relevant problems.Therefore,the current major challenge is overcoming the existing bottlenecks to optimize CAR-T therapy and improve its efficacy against T-ALL while improving the prognosis of patients.

Objective: To investigate the changes of microorganisms and metabolites in joint effusion of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis(RA), Osteoarthritis(OA) and Urarthritis(UA). To provide new ideas for the study of the effect of microbiota on the pathogenesis of arthritis. Methods: Joint effusion samples were collected from 20 patients with RA, 20 patients with OA, and 20 patients with UA. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted ultra-high performance Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) were used to explore the differences in microorganisms and metabolites among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation between effusion microbiota and metabolites. Results: There were differences in microbial diversity and microbiota composition among the three groups. Combined with VIP>1 from OPLS-DA andP<0.05 from two-tailed Students t-test, 45 differential metabolites(Between RA and OA groups), 38 differential metabolites(Between UA and OA groups) and 16 differential metabolites(Between RA and UA groups), were identified. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differential metabolic pathways among the three groups were mainly concentrated in citric acid cycle(TCA cycle), nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism and glycolysis pathway. Correlation analysis of joint effusion microbiota and metabolites suggested that bacteria enriched in the three groups of joint effusion, such asPrevotella,Clostridium ruminosus,Prevotellaceae＿UCG-001, were related to many key metabolites such as lysozyme, uric acid, glucose, and L-glutamine. Conclusion This study shows that there are a variety of bacterial flora in joint cavity effusion of RA, OA, and UA patients, and the differential metabolites produced by them are involved in the pathogenesis of the three types of arthritis by affecting a variety of metabolic pathways.

Objective:To explore the application of virtual reality technology (VR) in clinical internship teaching of thoracic surgery nursing.Methods:A total of 60 nursing students from colleges and universities interning at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated to Tongji University during April to December 2023 were randomly divided into observation group ( n=40) and control group ( n=20) in a 2∶1 ratio. In addition to observing a 20-min multimedia video of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation nursing, the control group received traditional teaching and 30-min exercises, while the observation group received 30-min VR-based interactive teaching and 30-min targeted exercises. Standardized patients were applied for student assessment, and the scores of the two groups on days 1, 8, 15, and 29 were compared. At the same time, the students' self-efficacy and self-satisfaction were evaluated, and the number of skill training repetitions and time investment of the teachers from day 15 to 28 were recorded. SPSS 20.0 was used to perform the chi-square test and t-test. Results:The standardized patient assessment scores on days 1, 8, 15, and 29 were (69.14±7.02), (75.22±7.42), (79.14±7.99), and (90.14±8.94) in the observation group, respectively, and were (65.25±6.77), (70.14±6.95), (74.36±7.14), and (82.69±8.85) in the control group, respectively, which were all significantly different between the two groups ( P<0.05). The observation group also showed a significantly higher total General Self-Efficacy score [(24.60±3.68) vs. (20.47±3.25), P<0.05] and a significantly higher self-satisfaction score [(6.12±0.70) vs. (5.57±0.65), P<0.05] than the control group. For the teachers, the observation group had a significantly fewer number of training repetitions [(8.14±0.98) vs. (10.25±1.16), P<0.05] and significantly less time invested [(10.28±1.17) vs. (12.14±1.35) h, P<0.05] compared with the control group. Conclusions:VR technology can improve the teaching performance, self-efficacy level, and self-satisfaction level for clinical nursing internships, and reduce skill training repetitions and time investment for teachers.