Sepsis in premature is a major cause of morbidity and mortality.The definition of neonatal sepsis is complicated by the frequent presence of noninfectious conditions that resemble those of sepsis,especially in very low-birth-weight preterm infants.Although growth of an organism from a sterile site is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis,the positive rate is low.Therefore,assessment of history,risk factors,sepsis screening scores in combination with diagnostic tests are used to identify neonates who are more likely to be infected.Methods studied to prevent infection include improved hand hygiene,early feedings,immune globulin administration,prophylactic antimicrobial administration.It improves prognosis for early diagnosis and antibiotic administration.

Objective To discuss the application of breast surgery with radical surgery in the therapeutic effect and complications in patients with early breast cancer.Methods 110 early breast cancer patients with surgical treatment were randomly divided into two groups,each group in 55 cases,the control group was given radical surgical treatment,the observation group was given breast conserving operation,surgery were recorded in patients of the two groups.Results The results of the observation group showed operative incision length (4.02 ±1.15)cm,operation time (58.93 ±13.25)min,intraoperative blood loss (10.11 ±2.87)mLand length of hospital stay (10.74 ±2.17)d. The datas of control group showed surgical incision length (11.87 ±2.44)cm,operation time (95.72 ±26.78)min, intraoperative blood loss (85.27 ±14.28)mL and length of hospital stay (15.86 ±4.43)d,the differences were statistically significant (t =21.582,9.131,5.714,7.697,all P <0.05).Observation group occurred postoperative hand infection in 1 case,upper extremity edema in 2 cases,and no subcutaneous hemorrhage occurs.Control group had 6 cases of postoperative hand infection,10 cases of upper limb edema,and subcutaneous hemorrhage in 5 cases,the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =4.852,5.986,5.238,all P <0.05).3 months after operation,datas of observation group showed physiological state (54.18 ±6.28)points,psychological state (59.27 ±5.82)points,environmental conditions (68.45 ±7.68)points and social function (57.46 ±5.97)points.Physiological state of the control group after 3 month was (65.69 ±9.11)points,while psychological state was (68.31 ±7.33)points,environmental conditions was (78.17 ±10.54)points,social function was (68.77 ±7.15)points,the differences were statistically significant (t =7.714,7.163,5.527,9.004,all P <0.05).Conclusion Breast surgery application in patients with early breast cancer can shorten the operation time,reduce intraoperative bleeding and flow rate,shorten the length of hospital stay, reduce complications and improve postoperative quality of life,it is worth popularizing in clinical application.

It is well known that pulmonary hypertension(PH) is one severe complication of bron-chopulmonary dysplasia( BPD) that is associated with high mortality. Aberrant pulmonary vascular growth, abnormal vasoreactivity and pulmonary vascular remodeling may ultimately lead to PH. Symptoms of PH of-ten overlap those of BPD itself. Furthermore,the emergence of symptoms may indicate that the disease has already progressed to a late, less reversible phase, thereby supporting arguments for screening all infants at risk. Echocardiography is non-invasive and widely available,and is currently the most commonly used screen-ing modality for PH in infants with BPD. Because the incidence of associated cardiovascular anomalies is high,cardiac catheterization and CT scanning of the chest should be considered in all infants who have signifi-cant PH despite optimal management of their lung disease. Early diagnosis and aggressive specific drug thera-py can improve the outcome for these patients.

Phylogenetic markers are the gene fragments that demonstrate the gene tic relationships between organisms To differentiate close taxa, many new phyl oge n etic markers were used, with which the polyphasic taxonomy was enriched This a r ticle chiefly described the characters of several phylogenetic markers and their applications in the studies of the phylogenetics of bacteria

Objective To explore the influence on college students' contrast sensitivity how dual N-back working memory training task based on Gabor,and to provide new training method for improving the contrast sensitivity.Methods 42 college students were randomly divided into three groups:a control group (17 students) ; a working memory training group (13 students) ; and a Gabor orientation training group (12 students).The control group received no training,while the working memory training group and the Gabor orientation training group received N-back working memory training and Gabor training,respectively,over three weeks (5 days a week,approx.half an hour per day).The above-mentioned two training methods performed with the same visual stimulus,i.e.,the Gabor patch with a fixed spatial frequency and contrast.The contrast sensitivity of the 42 students was measured and recorded using OPTEC6500 before and after training.Results In the working memory training group,a salient gain in contrast sensitivity was observed after the training (before:(1.48 ± 0.26) log,after:(1.87 ± 0.13)log),with a statistically significant difference (t =-6.20,P ＜ 0.05),while both the Gabor orientation training group (before:(1.75 ± 0.19) log,after:(1.68 ± 0.30) log) and the control group (before:(1.67 ±0.25) log,after:(1.61 ± 0.26) log)) showed no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05) in terms of contrast sensitivity.Conclusion N-back working memory training shows a positive effect on improving contrast sensitivity in Gabor identification training,and can be used as a means to improve contrast sensitivity.

Objective To investigate the role of microsatellite instability(MSI) in the carcinogenesis and development of gastric cancer (GC). Methods MSI was examined in 36 gastric cancer specimens obtained endoscopically and during surgery and in 30 intestinal metaplasia specimens using PCR SSCP methods. Results MSI was detected in 15 of 36 GC and 9 of 30 intestinal metaplasia specimens at one or more loci. MSI was positive in all three cases of early GC. The incidence of MSI in well differenciated GC was significantly higher than that in poorly differentiated GC (66.7% vs 26.3%, P

Objective To investigate the clinical values of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) detection in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases .Methods 965 patients with rheumatic diseases were taken as rheumatic group ,including 256 cases of SLE , 124 of mixed connective tissue disease(MCTD) ,336 of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) ,166 of Sjogren′s Syndrome(SS) ,45 of systemic sclerosis(SSc) and 38 of dermatomyositis .400 healthy people were served as the control group .Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) was employed to detect the cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA ) ,perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA ) .Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to assay the anti-myeloperoxidase(MPO) antibody among patients with positive ANCA .Results Difference of positive rates of serum ANCA of subjects in rheumatic group and control group showed statistical significance (P<0 .01) ,and the differences of positive rates of serum p-ANCA and c-ANCA of subjects with positive ANCA between the two group were also sta-tistically significant(P<0 .01) .The positive rate of serum p-ANCA of patients with SLE was markedly higher than those with MCTD ,RA ,SS ,SSc ,dermatomyositis and healthy people in control group (P< 0 .05) ,while that of patients with MCTD was obviously higher than those with RA ,SS ,SSc ,dermatomyositis and healthy people in control group (P<0 .05) .The positive rate of anti-MPO antibody of 165 patients with positive ANCA in rheumatic group was 58 .4% ,which was significantly higher than that in control group(3% )(P<0 .01) .The positive rate of patients with positive ANCA and impaired renal function in rheumatic group was 55 .4% ,which was obviously higher than those of patients with negative ANCA in rheumatic group (21 .8% ) and control group (6 .25% )(P<0 .01) .Conclusion Serum ANCA detection is of important significance for prevention of nephrotoxic damage in pa-tients with rheumatic diseases .

Objective To study the effect of transsphenoidal approach operation for pituitary adenoma.Methods Transoral and transsphenoidal approach operations were performed in 17 patients with pituitary adenoma,and transnosal and transsphenoidal approach operations were performed in 31 patients with pituitary adenoma,from January 2000 to December 2005.For transoral and transsphenoidal approach operations,the upper lip mucous membrane was opened to introduce into the nasal cavity.For transnosal and transsphenoidal approach operations,the instruments were inserted by way of the right nostril,and the nasal septum was opened.During both of the approaches,a tunnel was established between both sides of the nasal septum,through which the sphenoidal sinus was opened,for entering the sella through the bottom.Results Total resection was completed in 37 patients,subtotal resection was completed in 6,and partial resection,in 5.No surgical-related death occurred.Postoperatively,transient hyperuresis was found in 15 patients,and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea was seen in 7 patients.Seventeen patients were followed for 3～24 months(mean,12 months).Recurrence was encountered in 4 patients at 6 months after operation.Four patients were pregnant and delivered of a child.Conclusions For pituitay adenoma not obviously extending to the parasellar,transsphenoidal approach is a safe and effective option.

Objective To compare the effects of oral Sildenafil(SIL)and intravenous prostaglandin E_1(Alprostadil,PGE_1)in treatment of postoperative pulmonary hypertension(PH)associated with congenital heart defects(CHD).Methods Data were collected from 24 children with postoperative mPAP≥35 mmHg in our hospital between August 2004 and March 2005.These children were randomly divided into three groups:8 children(group A)initially received SIL(0.35 mg/kg,orally by nasal gastric tube),followed by the addition of intravenous PGE_1(20 ng/kg per min)at 40 min.The second group of 8 children(group C)initially received intravenous PGE_1 followed by the addition of SIL at 20 min(dose as above).And remains(group B)were placebo-controlled.The changes of hemodynamic variables,arterial blood gas,lung static compliance(C)and work of breathing(W)were measured after drugs were given.Results Compared with group B,the mPAP and mPAP/mSAP was significantly reduced(P

Objective To compare the effect on correcting calcium and phosphate metabolic disorder and the impact on quality of life in uremia patients between on -line hemodiafiltration and high -flux hemodialysis.Methods 90 patients with uremia,digital watches were randomly divided into QL -HDF group and HFHD group,Ca2 +,P3 +, serum parathyroid hormone(PTH)level were measured before and after dialysis blood.The survival quality of patients were evaluated by the KDQOL -SFTM1.3 scale.The incidence of adverse reactions were collected.The similarities and differences of two groups were compared.Results The comparison of Ca2 + levels in the two groups before and after dialysis showed no significant difference(P >0.05);Of the QL -HDF group after treatment,P3 + was (1.82 ± 0.19)mmol/L,PTH was (401.6 ±16.7)pg/L,which were significantly lower than those of QL -HDF group[P3 +(2.14 ±0.22)mmol/L,PTH(425.0 ±17.2)pg/L](t =24.256,21.059,all P <0.05)in addition to the burden of kidney disease;life(BKD),the other ten areas scores of the QL -HDF group were higher than those of the HFHD group;The symptoms and discomfort(SPL)and the effect of nephropathy in life(EKD),cognitive function(CF), quality(QSI),social function(SEXF)and sleep(SLEEP),patient satisfaction(PS)had significant differences in areas such as score(all P <0.05),working condition(WS)and social support(SOS),dialysis staff support(DSF) and other domain scores had no significant difference (all P >0.05 );6 cases of adverse reactions was in the QL -HDF group (13.33%),14 cases of adverse reactions was in the HFHD group(31.11%),there was significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =5.361,P <0.05).Conclusion The two methods can improve the metabolic disorders of calcium and phosphorus in patients with uremia,and QL -HDF showed stronger ability to remove the ability,and the quality of life is higher,it is worth promoting in clinical practice.