HDL or apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ,the major protein of HDL particles,protect host against vascular endothelial dysfunction.HDL binding to scavenger receptor-BI activates eNOS for increasing NO.SR-BI and Endothelial lipase(EL) play a critical role in the regulation of plasma HDL.Incubation of HDL with vascular endothelial cells promotes prostacyclin synthesis.Some proteins such as paraoxonase that cotransport with HDL in plasma,have antioxidant properties.HDL inhibits TNF-? dependent expression of adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells and interferes with apoptosis,proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the situation of drug use that goes beyond the scope of package inserts in pediatrics of our hospital and to promote clinical rational drug use.METHODS:A total of 3 142 prescriptions between Mar.and Apr.2006 collected from the pediatric out-patient department of our hospital were analyzed in accordance with the contents of the related drug package inserts.RESULTS:Of the total 3 142 prescriptions,345(11.0%) involved drug use that goes beyond the scope of package inserts,leading the list were prescriptions of infants,accounting for 71.3% of the total.The problems such as age(52.2%) and indication(36.5%) were the main type;respiration system drugs(48.4%) and the antibiotics(40.6%) were the main drug kinds involved.CONCLUSIONS:It's widespread for drug use that goes beyond the package inserts in the pe-diatrics,which conforms to evidence-based medicine and the spirit of philosophy and ethics,but against the principle of law,which thus should be given fully attention in the clinic.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of combined detection serum anti-HCG and estradiol and progesterone in infertile women.Methods Serum estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P) in infertile women were detected by ECLIA , Anti-HCG were detected by ELISA.Results the levels of estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P) in anti-HCG positive group were significantly lower than those in anti-HCG negative group.Conclusions The combined detection of anti-HCG and estradiol and progesterone were of important clinical value in diagnosis of infertile women.

Objective To assess the significance of urethral sphincter electromyography (US-EMG) and external anal sphincter electromyography (EAS-EMG) for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods US-EMG and EAS-EMG were performed in 9 patients who were diagnosed as MSA.Duration,motor unit action potentials amplitude,polyphasicity,as well as recruited pattern and amplitude during powerful contraction were recorded and analyzed.Results Among 9 patients who were diagnosed as MSA,7 cases showed neural injury by both US-EMG and EAS-EMG.There was significant difference of electromyographic findings between US-EMG group and EAS-EMG group (average volatility (μV):1063.44 ±499.92 vs 634.89 ±265.07; polyphasic wave:0(0,20％ ) vs 57％ (28％,63％ ) ; t =2.567,P=0.033;t =2.833,P=0.012).Conclusions Although US-EMG may be difficult to perform,US-EMG may have the same specificity as EAS-EMG for the diagnosis of MSA,especially for the diagnosis of MSA patients only with urination disorders,who are involved in Onuf neclear according to some of the abnormal indexes.

Objective To analyze diagnostic evaluation of urethral sphincter electromyography (US-EMGs) for patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods Totally 15 patients who were diagnosed as MSA were examined as treatment group while 17 non-MSA patients were examined as controls.US-EMGs were performed in the both groups.Spontaneous activities when relax,parameters of motor unit potentials(MUPs) mean duration and amplitude,percentage of polyphasic ware,satellite potential,recruitment potentials and amplitude when strong contraction were recorded and analyzed.Results USEMGs changes of various abnormalities were found in 13 cases (86.7％) in MSA group.There were significant differences of electromyographic findings between the MSA group and control group including MUPs mean duration[(12.79 ±3.18)ms vs (9.49 ± 1.51)ms] and amplitude[(828.53 ±459.89) μV vs (378.76 ± 152.26) μV] as well as recruitment potentials [(11.47 ± 21.55) ％ vs (8.23 ± 10.74) ％] and amplitude [(2.19 ± 1.24) mV vs (0.75 ± 0.42) mV] when strong contraction (all P values ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is certain value of US-EMGs for the diagnosis of MSA.It could be used as a routine electrophysiological method for the patients who are suspected of MSA.It could be a supplement of externalanal sphincter electromyography.

Objective This study was designed to investigate the clinical characteristics of systemic vasculitis with cardiac involvement.Methods Clinical information of 10 patients with systemic vasculitis complicated by myocardial vasculitis,selected from 181 small vessel vasculitis patients and 114 systemic vasculitis patients were analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations were varied significantly dependent on the etiology of small vessel vasculitis.It is usually djfficult to make the diagnosis because of the insidious onset,varied etiology and the undifferentiated manifestations of heart involvement.Echocardiography is commonly used in detecting and monitoring cardiac involvement.Glueocortieoid therapy can improve left ventricular systolic function dramatically when used properly.Conclusions The cardiac involvement of systemic vasculitis is quite rare.Dyspnea of various degrees and left ventricular systolic dysfunction ale the most common clinical findings.The earlier the establishment of diagnosis and institution of appopriate treatment,the better the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effects on one hand of training the other with isometric wrist extension and flexion training and its underlying mechanism.Methods Twenty healthy young girls were recruited and randomized into a training group and a control group with 10 subjects in each,using a random number table.The subjects in the training group were accepted isometric training of the wrist extensors and flexors on the right side once every other day,4 days a week for 6 weeks according to a pre-programmed protocol,while those in the control group had no intervention.Peak torque and surface electromyography (sEMG) were recorded and assessed before and after 6 weeks of training.Results In the training group,the average peak torque of right wrist flexion and extension were both significantly higher than before training (within-group comparison) and higher than in the control group (between-group comparison) after 6 weeks of training.The average peak torques of the left wrist in the training group in flexion and extension were (12.9±2.0) Nm and (6.4 ± 1.3) Nm after training,both significantly higher than before the training and stronger than the control group.In the sEMG traces during wrist extension,after training the ascend velocity of the right extensor carpi ulnaris and the integrated area of the left extensor carpi ulnaris in the training group were significantly smaller than before training and in the control group.Conclusion Unilateral isometric resistance training of the wrist muscles can transfer to the contralateral side,probably by altering muscle recruitment.

Objective To investigate the extent of cross-education between the pronation and supination muscles of the right and left forearms after unilateral isometric training.Methods Twenty healthy young girls were randomized into a training group and a control group using a random number table.The training group underwent isometric training of their right forearms for six weeks,while the control group continued ordinary life without exercises.Pronation peak torque (PPT) and supination peak torque (SPT) were assessed before and after the training for both groups.Results The differences in PPT or SPT between the training group and the control group were not significant before the training program.When the training had been completed,however,the average PPT and SPT on right side of those trained of course had increased significantly compared to before training or to the control group.More significantly,the average PPT and SPT on the left side in the training group were also significantly better than before training or in the control group after training.Conclusion Unilateral isometric training of the forearm pronation and supination muscles for six weeks can significantly increase muscle strength bilaterally,indicating good cross-education.

Objective To revise the trait self-control scale for Chinese college students.Methods According to the theory,12 items were selected,then data were collected from a sample of 549 and 133 college students of Harbin.Explorer Factor Analysis,Confirmatory Factor Analysis,reliability test and validity test were used.Results ①Trait self-control scale for college students included eight items,two dimensions were restrained and impulsivity,two dimensions can explain 42.90％ of the total variance.②Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the two-dimensional structure was reasonable (x2/df =1.24,CFI =0.97,GFI =0.96,AGFI =0.92,IFI =0.97,TLI =0.96,RMSEA =0.04).③The restrained factor scores were positively correlated with satisfaction of life scores and adaption scores(r=0.23,0.48,P＜0.01),while negatively correlated with negative affect (r=-0.19,P ＜0.01).The impulsivity factor scores were negatively correlated with satisfaction of life scores and adaption scores (r=-0.18,-0.34,P＜0.01),while positively correlated with negative affect(r=0.22,P＜0.01).④The composite reliability coefficients of the scales were good:the coefficient of the subscale restraint was 0.69,and the coefficient of subscale of impulsivity was 0.64,the coefficient of the whole scale was 0.80.The two months test-retest reliability coefficient of 133 subjects was 0.66.Conclusion The revised scale of trait self-control scale has good psychometric quality and can be used in Chinese college students.

Objective To understand the status quo of medical college students participating in the volunteer service behavior to provide the basis for further promoting and perfecting their volunteer service work .Methods 1 773 students in Chongqing Medical University were performed the inventory survey by the self-designed semi-structured questionnaire .Results 93 .3% of respondents were willing to participate in the volunteer service with the actual participation rate of 75 .8% ,among them only 40 .8% of partici-pants received the related volunteer service training .The differences of the participation rate among different majors had statistical significance(P<0 .01) ,the majors of the clinical medicine and the public health were superior to the nursing major ;the participation items and the age limit of the grade 3 students all were superior to those of the grade 2(P<0 .01);the participation rate and the participation items of the female students were superior to those of the male students (P<0 .05) .The present existing problems in the volunteer service were mainly the imperfection of the organization and management ,insufficient publicity and training ,unitary service mode and lacking fund support ,and so on .Conclusion The medical college students have the high enthusiasm to take part in the volunteer service with the better actual participation rate .The differences exist among different majors ,grades and genders .The colleges and the relevant government administrative departments should strengthen the linkage to co-construct the more perfect or-ganization and management system of the volunteer service system .