OBJECTIVE:To probe into the situation of drug use that goes beyond the scope of package inserts in pediatrics of our hospital and to promote clinical rational drug use.METHODS:A total of 3 142 prescriptions between Mar.and Apr.2006 collected from the pediatric out-patient department of our hospital were analyzed in accordance with the contents of the related drug package inserts.RESULTS:Of the total 3 142 prescriptions,345(11.0%) involved drug use that goes beyond the scope of package inserts,leading the list were prescriptions of infants,accounting for 71.3% of the total.The problems such as age(52.2%) and indication(36.5%) were the main type;respiration system drugs(48.4%) and the antibiotics(40.6%) were the main drug kinds involved.CONCLUSIONS:It's widespread for drug use that goes beyond the package inserts in the pe-diatrics,which conforms to evidence-based medicine and the spirit of philosophy and ethics,but against the principle of law,which thus should be given fully attention in the clinic.

HDL or apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ,the major protein of HDL particles,protect host against vascular endothelial dysfunction.HDL binding to scavenger receptor-BI activates eNOS for increasing NO.SR-BI and Endothelial lipase(EL) play a critical role in the regulation of plasma HDL.Incubation of HDL with vascular endothelial cells promotes prostacyclin synthesis.Some proteins such as paraoxonase that cotransport with HDL in plasma,have antioxidant properties.HDL inhibits TNF-? dependent expression of adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells and interferes with apoptosis,proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of combined detection serum anti-HCG and estradiol and progesterone in infertile women.Methods Serum estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P) in infertile women were detected by ECLIA , Anti-HCG were detected by ELISA.Results the levels of estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P) in anti-HCG positive group were significantly lower than those in anti-HCG negative group.Conclusions The combined detection of anti-HCG and estradiol and progesterone were of important clinical value in diagnosis of infertile women.

Objective To evaluate the clinical,neuroimaging and electrophysiology features of 62 patients with multiple system atrophy(MSA).Methods Sixty-two cases with diagnosis of probable MSA were recruited in a retrospective studied.Clinical,neuroimage and external anal sphincter electromyography (EAS-EMG)data was retrospectively analyzed.Results In 62 cases(44 male and 18 female),the onset age was between 37 and 76.Among them,29 cases(46.8 % )were MSA-A,with orthostatie hypotension as the main clinical manifestation;24 cases(38.7 % )were MSA-C,with cerebellar ataxia ag the main chnical manifestation;9 cases(14.5 % )were MSA-P,with extrapyramidal symptoms as the main clinical manifestation.MRI showed that main lesion of MSA-A was in the cerebellum:that of MSA-C was in the cerebellum,pons and medulla;and that of MSA-P was in the putamen.Fifty-one cases did EAS-EMG and 46 cases showed neurogenie impairments.Nineteen cases were initially misdiagnosed with other diseases.Conclusions MSA is easy to be omitted or misdiagnosed at early stage.The diagnostie rate of MSA can be increased by the combination of clinical expressions,neuroimage,EAS-EMG and other necessary examinations.

Objective To assess the significance of urethral sphincter electromyography (US-EMG) and external anal sphincter electromyography (EAS-EMG) for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods US-EMG and EAS-EMG were performed in 9 patients who were diagnosed as MSA.Duration,motor unit action potentials amplitude,polyphasicity,as well as recruited pattern and amplitude during powerful contraction were recorded and analyzed.Results Among 9 patients who were diagnosed as MSA,7 cases showed neural injury by both US-EMG and EAS-EMG.There was significant difference of electromyographic findings between US-EMG group and EAS-EMG group (average volatility (μV):1063.44 ±499.92 vs 634.89 ±265.07; polyphasic wave:0(0,20％ ) vs 57％ (28％,63％ ) ; t =2.567,P=0.033;t =2.833,P=0.012).Conclusions Although US-EMG may be difficult to perform,US-EMG may have the same specificity as EAS-EMG for the diagnosis of MSA,especially for the diagnosis of MSA patients only with urination disorders,who are involved in Onuf neclear according to some of the abnormal indexes.

Objective To analyze diagnostic evaluation of urethral sphincter electromyography (US-EMGs) for patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods Totally 15 patients who were diagnosed as MSA were examined as treatment group while 17 non-MSA patients were examined as controls.US-EMGs were performed in the both groups.Spontaneous activities when relax,parameters of motor unit potentials(MUPs) mean duration and amplitude,percentage of polyphasic ware,satellite potential,recruitment potentials and amplitude when strong contraction were recorded and analyzed.Results USEMGs changes of various abnormalities were found in 13 cases (86.7％) in MSA group.There were significant differences of electromyographic findings between the MSA group and control group including MUPs mean duration[(12.79 ±3.18)ms vs (9.49 ± 1.51)ms] and amplitude[(828.53 ±459.89) μV vs (378.76 ± 152.26) μV] as well as recruitment potentials [(11.47 ± 21.55) ％ vs (8.23 ± 10.74) ％] and amplitude [(2.19 ± 1.24) mV vs (0.75 ± 0.42) mV] when strong contraction (all P values ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is certain value of US-EMGs for the diagnosis of MSA.It could be used as a routine electrophysiological method for the patients who are suspected of MSA.It could be a supplement of externalanal sphincter electromyography.

Objective To study the effect of TREK-1 potassium channel blocker on the behavior in rats with depression.Methods Forty-eight healthy adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 6 groups as following:control + saline (CON group),control + fluoxetine (CON + FLU group),control + SID1900 (CON+SID group),CUMS + saline (CUMS group),CUMS + fluoxetine (CUMS+FLU group) and CUMS + SID1900 (CUMS+SID group) with 8 in each group.Isolated living conditions combining chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) were used to establish depression model in rats.Four weeks after modeling,fluoxetine 10 mg· kg-1,SID1900 5.1 mg · kg-1 and 0.9％ sodium chloride were given by intraperitoneal injection respectively.Body weight and behavioral performance of rats in several experiment paradigms were measured after drug administration.The behavioral paradigms included sucrose preference test(SPT),open field test(OFT) and forced swimming test(FST).Results Drug administration had no significant effect on body weight and behavioral performance in non stress rats (P＞0.05),however,after chronic unpredicted mild stress the body weight,percentage of sucrose consumption,movement distances and rearing times in CUMS group were decreased dramatically contrast to CON group,but the immobility duration was increased significantly (all P＜0.001).After treatment with drug for 14 days,the sucrose consumption percentage(62.03± 6.99) ％) and rearing times (18.57 ± 6.37) in CUMS+SID group were increased contrast to C UMS group ((45.46± 15.54) ％,(5.83±3.06)),while the immobility time((123.57±26.73) s) was decreased compared with that in CUMS group((174.33±40.68) s).When drug administration for 28 days,the sucrose consumption percentage((79.64± 11.37) ％),the total distance as well as the rearing times ((13.18 ± 3.17) m,(19.33±3.33)) within OFT in CUMS+FLU group were increased in comparison with CUMS group((48.06± 17.10) ％,(4.45±3.69) m,(5.17± 2.99)),and the immobility duration ((97.83± 18.97) s) in CUMS+FLU group was shorter than that ((194.83±37.97) s) in CUMS group(P＜0.05).Notably,the immobility time in CUMS+SID group ((44.29± 14.30)s) was shortened obviously compared with that in CUMS+FLU group ((97.83± 18.97)s) (P＜0.01).Conclusion Blockade of TREK-1 potassium channel can ameliorate the depression-like behavior rapidly in rats.

0.05).After stimulation,IP of two groups all increased accord with stimulating frequencies,and that in RSV group was much higher than that in controls.After giving pilocarpine,IP of controls decreased according to the doses of pilocarpine,while the extent of decrease in RSV group was much less than that in controls,which had significant difference(P

Objective To observe the clinical effect and adverse reaction of oxycodone sustained-release tablet and morphine tablet in dose titration therapy on moderate and severe chronic cancer pain. Methods Sixty patients suffering from moderate and severe cancer pain, without using opioid drugs, were divided into oxycodone sustained-release tablet group and morphine tablet group by random digits table method with 30 cases each. The patients in oxycodone sustained-release tablet group were administered 10 mg oxycodone sustained-release tablet every 12 h, and the patients in morphine tablet group were administered 5 or 10 mg morphine tablet whenever needed. The total dose of opioid drugs was acquired after 24 h, and was converted into equal dose of oxycodone sustained-release tablet. The condition of pain control and adverse reaction were observed and recorded in a week. Results During the titration, the number of daily outbreak pain and daily medication in oxycodone sustained-release tablet were significantly lower than those in morphine tablet:(1.27 ± 1.53) times vs. (4.87 ± 1.98) times and (3.37 ± 1.78) times vs. (5.10 ± 2.20) times, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). At the first day after titration, the pain relief rate of oxycodone sustained-release tablet was significantly higher than that of morphine tablet:83.33%(25/30) vs. 60.00%(18/30), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). While at the third day after titration, there was no statistical difference in the pain relief rate between 2 groups (P>0.05). At the first day after titration, the incidence of daily outbreak pain in oxycodone sustained-release tablet was significantly lower than that in morphine tablet:23.33%(7/30) vs. 53.33% (16/30), the rate of reaching steady pain control state was significantly higher than that in morphine tablet: 86.67% (26/30) vs. 63.33% (19/30), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical difference in the incidence of daily outbreak pain, rate of reaching steady pain control state at the third day after titration, time of reaching steady pain control state, and incidence of adverse reaction (P>0.05). Conclusions The pain relief rate and side effect of oxycodone sustained-release tablet is similar to that of morphine tablet in dose titration therapy on moderate and severe chronic cancer pain, but analgesic effect is faster than morphine tablet. Oxycodone sustained-release tablet decreases the number of outbreak pain and relieves patients′ pain in the titration process. Oxycodone sustained-release tablet may have advantage of time and effect, which is worth to be widely used in clinical therapy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pharyngeal opportunistic pathogens and their drug resistance related to different duty of the hospital staff,in order to improve the control and prevention of hospital infection.METHODS Totally 302 pharyngeal samples were cultured and isolated,and the tests of antibiotic susceptibility were(performed) for isolated strains to 15 kinds of antibiotics by using of the paper diffusion method.RESULTS The(isolated) rate of the opportunistic pathogens among hospital staff was 30.13%,higher in nurses(41.32%) than in technicians(20%,P