BACKGROUND: Early education is an important step in raising children. Many facts prove that early education can promote infants' intellectual development so as to lay good foundation for their future development.OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of infants' intellectual development with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and analyze the effects of early education.DESIGN: Comparative observation.SETTING: Wards of the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: We recruited 100 normal newborn infants born in the Department of Obstetrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, between January 2000 and December 2001. Guardians of the infants were informed of the research objective. Infants were divided into 2 groups according to their birth date: early education group (n=50) in which the infants were born on Monday, Wednesday, Friday or Sunday; control group (n=50) in which the infants were bom on Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday.METHODS: ① All the parents of the infants in the two groups received the guidance of feeding, infection prevention, inoculation and other health care guidance. On this basis, the parents of the infants in early education group were informed of intellectual development disciplinarian and educational guideline for 0-3 year-old infants when physical examination was performed on the infants at newborn period (twice) and 42 days after birth (once). The parents were asked to raise their infant according to the requirements of the guideline and communicate with the physicians at any moment. In control group, routine physical examination was performed on the infants at new-born period (twice) and 42 days after birth (once), and their parents were not given the early education of pediatric system. ② At 4 months and 3 days to 4 months and 29 days after birth, the infants in the two groups were taken back to hospital. Status of intellectual development was evaluated with intelligence scale for children revised and standardized by the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and China Children Development Center according to Bayley's Scales of Infant Development [It consisted of intellectual scale and movement scale. Intellectual scale was used for 4.0-5.3 months babies (4 items, Item E: reaching out for building blocks, hand-eye coordination when reaching out, pick up building blocks, and keeping reaching out for things; Item G: noticed small pills; Item H: approached ocular; Item C: fond of playing with him).Movement scale was used for 4.0-5.3 months babies (4 items, Item A: turning their heads freely; Item E: from lying on the back to lying on the side;Item D: part of pollex face to face when holding building blocks; Item C:could sit independently for a moment)]. The primary scores of the infant was obtained from the number of an item which the infant could complete in intellectual development scale, then intellectual index and psychological movement development index were obtained according to his age span from the scale. Those with scores ＞130 were considered excellent, and those with scores ＜ 69 were mental retardation. ③ t test and U test were used in comparison of the differences in metrical and quantitative data.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of intellectual development index and psychological development index between the infants in the two groups. ② Status of infants' intellectual scale and movement scale completion.RESULTS: Totally 100 infants entered the result analysis. ① Intellectual development: Intellectual development index and psychological movement development index were significantly higher in early education group than in control group (103.94±7.64, 111.20±9.40; 93.92±5.18,99.22±5.52, t=8.3,4.7, P ＜ 0.01). ② Status of intellectual scale completion: The number of infants who could complete Items E, D and C was obviously greater in early education group than in control group [36 infants (72%), 8 infants (16%), u=5.6, P ＜ 0.01]. ③ Status of movement scale completion: The number of infants who could complete Items E, D and C was obviously greater in early education group than in control group [45 in fants (90%), 32 infants (64%), 48 infants (96%); 30 infants (60%), 12 infants (24%), 42 infants (84%), u=2.0-4.89, P ＜ 0.05-0.01].CONCLUSION: Early education can improve infants' intellectual development, especially manipulative ability.

Objective　To investigate the significances of telomerase activity and P53 expression in Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods　The activity of telomerase in cancerous tissues was detected by PCR-ELISA, and the expression of P53 protein was detected by S-P method. Results　The telomerase activity and P53 expression were significantly higher in NSCLC tissues than in normal lung tissues. The telomerase activity and P53 expression had close association with the differentiation of cancer cells and lymph node metastasis. Conclusion　It is very valuable to measure telomerase activity and P53 expression in studying the initiation and progression of NSCLC.

Objective To observe the effect of spleen-strengthening and qi-invigorating prescription(SQP) on serum inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats with spleen-qi deficiency syndrome. Methods Rat models were induced by intraperitioneal injection of streptozocin(STZ,30 mg/kg) combined with overstrain,abnormal meals,and greasy foods. Model rats were randomly allocated to three groups:model group was treated with purified water; western medicine(WM) group was treated with aspirin enteric-coated tablet,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) group was treated with SQP. And the normal rats were allocated to the normal control group. The course of treatment lasted 6 weeks.Parameters such as fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-? ) were measured after treatment,and insulin sensitive index(ISI) was also calculated. Result After treatment for 4 weeks,the above observation indexes were higher in model group than those in the normal control group. In TCM group,the serum levels of FBG,FINS,CRP,IL-6,and TNF-? were significantly lowered,while ISI was increased,and the effect being better than that in the WM group(P

Objective To study imaging features of neuronal tumors, and to evaluate the value of CT and MRI in diagnosing these tumors. Methods The CT and MRI studies in 10 patients with pathologically proved neuronal tumor were retrospectively reviewed. Results (1) CT showed a mixed attenuation cystic solid mass with calcification in 3 gangliogliomas; The mixed signal intensity on T 1 or T 2WI with heterogeneous contrast enhancement was common in ganglioglioma. (2)Three central neurocytomas had mixed signal intensity. (3)Three dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) had decreased signal intensity on T 1 weighted MR images and well demarcated increased signal intensity on T 2 weighted images without peritumoral edema and calcification. Prominent MR imaging features were a gyriform configuration on T 1 or T 2WI. The tumor contrast enhancement was not common; (4)A desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG) was located in the frontal and parietal lobes, appearing as cystic tumors with a solid cortical component enhanced intensely. Conclusion Some neuronal tumors possess of specific imaging features, but diagnosis of the tumor with imaging modalities alone may be difficult. Therefore, combined clinical history could help to establish a correct diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of anticoagulant therapy in patients who took warfarin and provide data sup-porting for strengthening the management of these patients. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of related clinical data of 214 pa-tients who meet the inclusion criteria was performed. RESULTS:The average time for patients took warfarin was (321.64 ± 189.50)d,average times for tested INR was(12.01±7.03)times in clinic;when anticoagulant therapy,INR<2.0 accounted for 51.96%,2.0≤INR≤3.0 accounted for 39.13%,and INR>3.0 accounted for 8.91%;patients with target INR≤2.0 accounted for 45.33%,target INR=2.5 accounted for 38.32%,and target INR≥3.0 accounted for 0.93%;the average TTR was (50.80 ± 22.32)%;and there was no statistical significance in the TTR of different ages and diseases(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The anti-coagulant therapy in some patients who took warfarin shows poor quality,it needs strengthening the quality management to make it safe and effective.

Objective To assess the association between serum γ-glutamyltransferase (γGT) levels and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS),so as to provide a reference for prevention and diagnosis of MS.Methods Ten papers about the relationship between γGT level and incident MS published in Pubmed,Embase,and the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI),China Academic Journal Full-text Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database and Wan Fang Digital Periodicals Database from January 2000 to April 2014 were retrieved and analysed.Results A total of 65 331 participants from the ten studies were included in the rmeta-analysis.The pooled RR was 2.06 (95％ CI 1.63-2.49) when the incidence of MS was compared between the highest and the lowest groups of γGT levels.A subgroup analysis was made in Asian and western populations.The pooled RR of MS in Asian population was 2.26 (95 ％ CI 1.65-2.87) and in western population it was 1.70 (95 ％ CI 1.15-2.25).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of results.No publication bias was found in our meta-analysis by Egger's and Begg's test.Conclusion Current evidences from prospective studies indicate that risk of metabolic syndrome is increased in correlation with an increase in serum γGT,and serum γGT seems to be an important predictor for MS.

Objective To study a safe means of mandibular angle plasty of bone cutting and its clinical efficay.Methods Through grinding bone oblique trapezoidal incisure,mandibular angle wide deformity was then corrected according to the cutting trace on bone cutting method.Results Of 260 cases of torture beauty,185 cases were followed-up,in which 181 (97.84％) cases were satisfied with the results,and 1 case got satisfaction after facial liposuction; other 1 case did not accepted further treatment advice of bone cutting processing because her mandibular angle was too wide.Two cases of bone wax reaction occured and got satisfaction after treatment.Conclusions Mandibular angle plasty by combined grinding with cutting makes it easy for positioning and bone cutting; bone cutting arc becomes more fluent with good exposure of its posterior horn.It can prevent mandibular fracture induced by bone cutting that does not reach the designated position.Therefore,this procedure is relatively simple and safe.

To review the evaluation modes,implementation,workflow and effectiveness appraisal of antimicrobial prescriptions of PHMCH and to compare the effects of the evaluation data of such prescriptions during the period from January to June of 2012,and that from January to June of 2013 of the hospital.The results indicate that the 2013 period,compared with that in 2012,the variations such indexes as the proportion of rational prescriptions in outpatient and emergency departments,the proportion of outpatient antimicrobial prescriptions,AUD,the proportion of antimicrobials cost within total drug costs were 2.5％,-4.71％,-1.22 and-0.37％ respectively.Most notable change among which is the proportion of outpatient antimicrobial prescriptions.Such results prove the prescription evaluation mode of the hospital as institutionalized,standardized and effective.

Objective To study the expression of a novel inhibitor of apptosis and survivin in cervical carcinoma and its relationship to the expression of Bcl-2.Methods Using SP immunohistochemical technique, we examined the expression of survivin and Bcl-2 in 59 cervical invasive squamous cell carcinomas.Results Survivin was expressed in 41 of 59 cases(69.5%) of cervical carcinomas. In contrast, no expression of survivin in normal cervical tissues was observed. Overexpression of survivin was related to the tumor grade and clinical stage. Survivin positive cases were strongly associated with Bcl-2 expression(80% versus 35.7%;P＜0.005).Conclusion Apoptosis inhibition by survivin abnormal expression, alone or in cooperation with Bcl-2, may participate in the onset and progression of cervical carcinoma. Survivin is a new diagnostic/therapeutic target in cervical cancer.

Objective To study the protective effect of compound nitroglycerin gel on rats with skin ulcer wound and its action mechanism. Methods Skin ulcer modle of 54 rats was established.Then the rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=18 each), including model control group, Jin wan hong group, and compound nitroglycerin gel group. Wound healing process and healing time were recorded.At the day 7 and 14 after the model was established, the number of fibroblasts and new blood capillaries of granulation tissue from center of the wound were measured,and RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression levels of VEGF, Ang1 andHIF-1α. Results As compared with model control group [(24.17±5.91) days], healing time of skin in the compound nitroglycerin gel group was significantly shorter [(14.67±3.76) days, P<0.01].The numbers of fibroblasts (61.20±7.56) and new blood capillaries (9.35±1.43) were increased, and mRNA expression levels of VEGF (1.692±0.196), HIF-1α (1.527±0.174) and Ang1 (1.548±0.203) were remarkably up-regulated on 7th day (P<0.05 or P<0.01).While on 14th day, the numbers of fibroblasts (28.00±5.96) and new blood capillaries (4.20±1.30) were decreased and the mRNA expression levels of VEGF (1.156±0.123), HIF-1α(1.021±0.105) and Ang1 (1.034±0.134) were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Conclusion Compound nitroglycerin gel can treat skin ulcer wound via regulating the numbers of fibroblasts, new blood capillaries and VEGF/Ang1/HIF-1α signal transduction pathway.