Objective To explore the effect of integrated psycho-behavioral intervention for improvement of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods A total of 58 preschool children in the Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Psychology in our hospital were selected and divided into intervention group and observation group according to the order of visits.The intervention group was given Alpha-Stim SCS,sandplay therapy,biofeedback and sensory integration training,the observation group was treated by routine treatment.Results After treatment,the intervention group had a significant decrease in hyperactivity/impulsivity and hyperkinetic index (P ＜ 0.01),and scores of conduct disorders,learning problems,psychosomatic problems,and anxiety decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).After two months of treatment,the ratios of α-wave,θ-wave,and ratio of θ wave to β wave in the intervention group were significandy lower than the intervention before (P ＜0.01),and the β-wave and SMR rhythm were significantly higher than those the intervention before (P ＜0.01).After 6 months of treatment,scores of proprioception and vestibular sensation in the intervention group were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.01),and scoresof the tactile defense and learning ability were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Integrating psychological behavioral intervention can strengthen the integration of sensory,cognitive,and behavioral skills among preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.It can not only improve the continuity and coordination of children from information acquisition,processing,and output,but also improve the stability of the nervous system,enhance physical coordination,improve self-control of behavior,and significantly improve the hyperactivity behavior of attention deficit hyperactivity children.

Objective To explore the effect of integrated psycho-behavioral intervention for improvement of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods A total of 58 preschool children in the Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Psychology in our hospital were selected and divided into intervention group and observation group according to the order of visits.The intervention group was given Alpha-Stim SCS,sandplay therapy,biofeedback and sensory integration training,the observation group was treated by routine treatment.Results After treatment,the intervention group had a significant decrease in hyperactivity/impulsivity and hyperkinetic index (P ＜ 0.01),and scores of conduct disorders,learning problems,psychosomatic problems,and anxiety decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).After two months of treatment,the ratios of α-wave,θ-wave,and ratio of θ wave to β wave in the intervention group were significandy lower than the intervention before (P ＜0.01),and the β-wave and SMR rhythm were significantly higher than those the intervention before (P ＜0.01).After 6 months of treatment,scores of proprioception and vestibular sensation in the intervention group were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.01),and scoresof the tactile defense and learning ability were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Integrating psychological behavioral intervention can strengthen the integration of sensory,cognitive,and behavioral skills among preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.It can not only improve the continuity and coordination of children from information acquisition,processing,and output,but also improve the stability of the nervous system,enhance physical coordination,improve self-control of behavior,and significantly improve the hyperactivity behavior of attention deficit hyperactivity children.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of neurological syndrome associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies (Abs).Methods:Six patients with neurological syndrome associated with anti-GAD-Abs admitted to Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to October 2022 were chosen. The clinical manifestations, imaging and laboratory results, therapeutic schedules, and follow-up prognoses of these patients were collected and summarized.Results:Three females and 3 males were included, with onset age of (54.3±17.7) years. Three patients had stiff-person syndrome (SPS), 1 had limbic encephalitis+generalized epilepsy, 1 had extralimbic encephalitis+occipital epilepsy, and 1 had cerebellar ataxia who was diagnosed with paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell lung cancer. Four patients had elevated level of thyroid peroxidase antibodies, and 1 patient was positive for overlapping anti-gamma aminobutyric acid B receptor antibodies and Amphiphysin antibodies. Two patients with SPS had failed lumbar puncture; 1 had slightly increased white blood cells and proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); the remaining 3 patients were basically normal. Specific oligoclonal bands in CSF were observed in 2 patients. Brain MRI showed abnormal signals in the bilateral occipital lobes in 1 patient, and no specific inflammatory lesions in other patients. All patients accepted corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin/plasma exchange therapies; except for the one with paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell lung cancer, the remaining 5 patients had improved modified Rankin scale (mRs) scores at discharge and received long-term immunotherapy. Two patients with SPS had gradually aggravated symptoms, and mRs scores reached 5 at the last follow-up (one for 3 years and the other one for 2 years).Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of patients with neurological syndrome associated with anti-GAD-Abs include SPS, limbic encephalitis, extralimbic encephalitis, epilepsy and cerebellar ataxia; some of these patients have paraneoplastic syndromes. Immunotherapies are effective except for these patients with paraneoplastic syndromes. Some patients with SPS tend to have a chronic course and a poor prognosis.

Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestations, neuroelectrophysiological characteristics and prognoses of Movan syndrome (MoS), and provide references for early diagnoses and prognoses.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed. The clinical data, such as clinical symptoms, treatments and prognoses, laboratory test results and electrophysiological test results, of 13 patients with confirmed MoS in Department of Neurology, He'nan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to October 2023 were collected.Results:Ten male MoS patients and 3 female ones were included. Main clinical manifestations of 13 patients with MoS included myokymia, pain, numbness of limbs, itching all over the body, hyperhidrosis, urinary and defecation disorder, tachycardia, insomnia, anxiety and depression. Ten patients completed the autoimmune encephalitis antibody detection: 3 only had positive anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) antibody, 2 only had positive anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein1 (LGI1) antibody, and 2 had both positive anti-CASPR2 antibody and anti-LGI1 antibody. Eleven patients completed tumor screening and 4 tumors (thymoma [ n=2], lung squamous cell carcinoma [ n=1] and adrenal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [ n=1]) were noted. Ten patients completed electrocardiogram, including 3 patients with resting tachycardia and 2 patients with ST segment elevation. All patients completed the electromyographic examination; 12 patients showed abnormal motor unit potential, including myokymia potential, fasciculation potential and neuromyotonic potential; F-wave and/or M-wave post-discharge potentials were found in all patients. Follow up was performed for 1-12 months; in 9 non-tumor patients, 5 were improved in 6 patients accepted immunotherapy and one was improved in 3 patients received symptomatic treatment; in 4 tumor patients, only one was improved in 3 received immunotherapy. Conclusion:Myokymia, pain, urinary and defecation disorder, and severe insomnia are typical symptoms for MoS patients; serum anti-CASPR2/LGI1 antibody and electromyography results provide evidences for MoS diagnosis; early immunotherapy can improve the MoS prognosis, and MoS patients combined with tumors have poor clinical prognosis.