Objective To observe the effect of treating DPN with xuesaitong tablet and mecobalamine. Methods 112 patients with DPN were randomly recruited into a treatment group (60 cases) and a control group (52 cases). The control group was treated with mecobalamine, 0.5 mg. Rid., while the treatment group was treated with Xuesaitong tablet, 50mg tid.,On the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for successive three months. Results The total effective rate was 78.33% and 57.70% in the treatment group and the control group respectively, showing a statistical difference (t= 1.9804, P=0.0271). Conclusion The combined therapy of xuesaitong tablet and mecobalamine was more effective on DPN than mecobalamine used only.

Objective To observe the effect of treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) with methylcobalamin and Chinese medicines with the funetious of nourishing Yin and promoting blood circulation. Methods 72 patients with DPN were randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group.Symptoms, NCV,value of blood routine examination,blood biochemistry check and ECG were compared before and after the treatment. Results The total effective rate was 88.0% and 68.2% in the treatment group and the control group respectively,showing significant difference (t=3.14, P<0.01).The value of blood routine examination, blood biochemistry check (except blood sugar level) and ECG showed no obvious changes before and after the treatment in both groups.Conclusion Therapy of methylcobalamin Tablets with Chinese medicines of nourishing Yin and promoting blood circulation is effective on DPN and worth of clinical promotion.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of tirofiban in patients with reocclusive ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase.Methods:Eighty-four patients with re-occlusive ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase, admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to May 2020, were prospectively chosen; these patients were divided into tirofiban group and routine (non-tirofiban) group ( n=42). In addition to thrombolysis, patients in the routine group received intensive lipid-lowering, collateral circulation improvement, blood glucose control, and early rehabilitation therapy; after thrombolysis for 24 h, patients without intracranial hemorrhage were given oral aspirin, 0.1 g/d, for 90 d. After thrombolysis and re-occlusion, patients in the tirofiban group were intravenously pumped with 0.4 μg/(kg·min), which was changed to 0.1 μg/(kg·min) after 30 min for 24 h; at 24 h after thrombolysis, brain CT was reexamined: tirofiban was discontinued for patients with intracranial hemorrhage, and intravenous pumping of tirofiban was continued for patients without intracranial hemorrhage for 24 h. Effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the general clinical data, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores 7 d after treatment, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 90 d after treatment between the two groups. Safety was assessed by comparing the intracranial hemorrhage, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality within 90 d of treatment between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in age, gender, underlying diseases, risk factors, baseline NIHSS scores, time from onset to start of treatment, infarction sites, and TOAST classification between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). NIHSS scores 7 d after treatment ([10.05±4.73] min vs. [7.93±4.68] min), mRS scores 90 d after treatment (3.48±1.48 vs.2.55±1.93), and good prognosis rate 90 d after treatment (21.4% vs. 42.9%) showed significant differences between the routine group and tirofiban group ( P<0.05). In terms of safety, there were no significant differences in intracranial hemorrhage rate (4.76% vs. 7.14%), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage incidence (2.38% vs. 2.38%) and mortality (2.38% vs. 2.38%) between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:It is safe and effective for tirofiban in patients with re-occlusive ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase.

Objective To explore the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of overweight, obesity, and central obesity in Shanghai Pudong New Area. Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was conducted in Pudong New Area in 2013. Residents over 15 years old were randomly selected from 13 communities and participated in the cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and physical examination, biochemical assays were also conducted. SPSS 20. 0 was used to analyze the results. Results The averagebodymassindexofparticipantswas(25.04±3.79)kg/m2andtheaveragewaistcircumferencewas(82.44± 9. 51) cm. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were 41. 67%, 17. 70%, and 31. 32%respectively. Standardized prevalences of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were 34. 39%, 16. 96%, and 25. 66% respectively, according to 2010 national age composition of population. Statistically significant sex differences were found among the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity groups(all P<0. 05). The prevalence of central obesity in female was raised by increasing age. Residents with hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic disorders had higher prevalences in overweight, obesity, and central obesity ( all P<0. 05). Conclusion The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among the residents in Shanghai Pudong New Area were relatively high. Relevant risk factors should be explored to promote health education that may enhance people′s awareness of weight management.

BACKGROUND:As a routine method after lumbar spine surgery,a drainage tube is convenient for postoperative bleeding drainage and management,and there is still no consensus on the choice of postoperative removal time for short-segment lumbar spine surgery with less risk. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of different drainage times on early clinical efficacy after short-segment lumbar fusion. METHODS:A prospective randomized controlled study was performed on 220 patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative diseases from March 2017 to April 2021.According to the different drainage times,the patients were randomly divided into removal on the second day after operation(group A),removal on the third day after operation(group B),and removal after the observation method 24-hour drainage volume<30 mL(group C).The perioperative indicators and follow-up results of the three groups of patients were observed and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Because 7 patients were lost to follow-up,2 patients were excluded,and 211 patients were finally included(72 patients in group A,71 patients in group B,and 68 patients in group C).(2)The average drainage time of group C was 2.91 days.The postoperative drainage volume in group A was significantly less than that in groups B and C,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).On day 3 after operation,the hematocrit value of group C was lower than that of group A and group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Postoperative activity time and hospital stay in group A were shorter than those in groups B and C,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)Four patients in group A,two patients in group B and three patients in group C received an allogeneic blood transfusion.There was no significant difference among the groups(P>0.05).(4)In terms of postoperative complications,there were no statistical differences in postoperative wound leakage and surgical site infection in all three groups(P>0.05).(5)All patients were followed up for more than 12 months.Visual analog scale score and Oswestry dysfunction index of the three groups of patients before discharge and at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with those before surgery(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance among the groups(P>0.05).(6)It is indicated that the removal of the drainage tube on the second day after a posterior lumbar fusion can effectively reduce the time to get out of bed and hospital stay,without increasing the postoperative blood loss and the risk of complications.

BACKGROUND:Some patients with cervical spondylosis have not been fully corrected sagittal position balance after cervical surgery,and this continuous sagittal position imbalance may be an important reason for the poor long-term clinical outcome of patients. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation between the cervical sagittal position balance parameters and their changes and the clinical efficacy of patients in the unbalanced state after anterior cervical decompression and fusion and to explore the necessity of surgical correction of sagittal balance in order to improve the clinical effect in the later stage. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on 125 patients with cervical spondylosis who underwent anterior cervical decompression and fusion in the Department of Spinal Surgery of Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from July 2019 to July 2022.Follow-up patients had good postoperative recovery(neck disability index score less than 10%one week after surgery)and had complete follow-up data.According to the axial vertical distance(C2-7 SVA)in sagittal position one week after surgery,patients were divided into type I imbalance group(C2-7 SVA loss≤5 mm,n=27),type Ⅱ imbalance group(C2-7 SVA loss>5 mm,and≤10 mm,n=19),and type Ⅲ imbalance group(C2-7 SVA loss>10 mm,n=12),and non-unbalanced group(C2-7 SVA in the normal range,n=67).The changes of visual analog scale score and neck disability index were compared among groups postoperatively and the last follow-up,as well as the changes of imaging sagittal balance parameters C2-7 cobb angle,C2-7 SVA value,neck inclination angle,T1 inclination angle,and thoracic entrance angle.The correlation between the late clinical effect and postoperative cervical sagittal disequilibrium was explored. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There was no statistical difference in general data among the four groups(P>0.05).All patients underwent successful surgery without serious complications and postoperative wound infection.The follow-up time was more than 1 year.(2)There was no significant difference in preoperative symptom score and clinical efficacy one week after surgery(P>0.05).At the last follow-up,pain visual analog scale score,neck disability index and C2-7 SVA were lower than those before surgery but higher than those one week after surgery(P<0.05).C2-7 cobb angle was increased compared with those before operation(P<0.05).T1 inclination angle was decreased compared with those before operation(P<0.05).(3)Pearson correlation test showed that the change of neck disability index was positively correlated with the change of C2-7 SVA(P<0.05).(4)It is indicated that anterior cervical decompression and fusion is effective in the treatment of cervical spondylosis,and can effectively relieve the symptoms of patients.Patients with more severe cervical sagittal disequilibrium after surgery had worse curative effect in the later period.Continuous sagittal disequilibrium in patients with cervical spondylosis after surgery is an important cause of poor curative effect in the later stage.Clinicians should pay more attention to the correction of cervical sagittal balance before and during surgery,formulate surgical strategies and plans according to sagittal balance parameters before surgery,and correct C2-7 SVA intraoperatively to the normal range.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles and rubella in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2013 to 2022， and to provide data support for the elimination of measles and rubella. MethodsEnzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect IgM antibodies in serum samples. The sequence of 630 nucleotides at the C-terminal of N gene of measles virus was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the phylogenic tree was constructed. ResultsA total of 1 529 suspected cases of measles were detected from 2013 to 2022， among which the positive rate of measles IgM antibody was 33.55% （513/1 529）. The highest positive rate （20.73%） was from March to May ， and the positive rate of rubella IgM antibody was 6.80% （104/1 529）. The positive rate of both IgM was higher in males than that in females （P<0.05）. The IgM against measles was mainly detected in 0‒ years old （63.16%， 96/152） and 20‒ years old （45.61%， 161/353）. The IgM against rubella was mainly detected in 10‒20 years old （27.27%， 18/66）. The IgM antibody could be detected more easily from 4 to 28 days after eruption， and the IgM antibody positive rate of measles/rubella from 2020 to 2022 was significantly lower than previous years （2013‒2019）. There were 2 D8 genotype strains， and the rest were H1a gene subtypes. ConclusionThe positive rate of IgM antibodies against measles/rubella in Pudong New Area of Shanghai decreased significantly. People aged 0‒ years and 20‒ years old are more susceptible to measles， and rubella is concentrated in 10‒ years old. It is necessary to strengthen the vaccination of school-age children， in order to achieve the goal of eliminating measles. The age group with high risk of exposure should be checked for vaccination status to ensure the enhanced immunization， and the surveillance of imported measles cases should be strengthened.

ObjectiveTo conduct on-site epidemiological investigation， emergency response， tracing of infection source and analysis of a confirmed COVID-19 case of a foreign airline cargo service staff member in Shanghai’s international airport， aiming to provide reference for prevention of imported COVID-19 cases under regular prevention and control of COVID-19. MethodsA retrospective field epidemiological investigation was conducted to collect information of basic characteristics， illness onset， diagnosis， treatment， clinical manifestations， exposure history and risk factors within 14 days before onset， close contacts， close contacts of close contacts， and key places related to activity trajectories. Respiratory tract specimens of cases and contacts were collected for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by real time RT-PCR （rRT-PCR）. Emergency response， including infection source analysis and contact management， was conducted. ResultsThe case developed pharyngeal itch on July 28， 2021， and fever on the 30th， and went to the hospital for treatment twice on the 31st. Because his specimen was positive for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR on August 1， he was isolated and treated on August 2 and diagnosed as a confirmed case of COVID-19. The case was a foreign airline cargo service member at an international airport. The two regular nucleic acid screenings of him as a high-risk occupation on July 21 and 28 were negative. He did not leave Shanghai within 14 days before the onset of illness. During July 22nd and 23rd， he was repeatedly exposed during work to the high-risk environment that may have been contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 and had contact with the crew of foreign airlines， and the personal protection was not standardized. None of the 67 close contacts and 567 close contacts of close contacts in Shanghai showed symptoms during the 14-day medical quarantine， and the specimens of them were all negative for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR. The results of genome sequencing analysis showed that the genomic homology between the virus of the case and the one of recent domestic local epidemic and the recent imported cases was low， and the homology with the overseas Delta mutant strain was higher than that of the domestic Delta mutant strain. ConclusionThe situation of prevention of COVID-19 import is still serious. It is necessary to conduct regular nucleic acid screening for high-risk occupational groups， strengthen the diagnosis and reporting awareness of medical institutions， effectively implement the prevention and control measures for people， objects， and environment at international airports， and further enhance the public's awareness of personal protection.

Objective To understand the correlation between atmospheric particulate matter and confirmed cases of influenza in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and to provide a basis for formulating relevant control measures. Methods The meteorological factors (average temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure), atmospheric pollutants (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, CO, and O₃) and confirmed cases of influenza of different ages and genders from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 were collected. Data was fitted to a generalized additive model of Poisson distribution to assess the correlation between atmospheric particulate matter (PM_2.5, PM₁₀) and the number of confirmed cases of influenza. Results There was a correlation between atmospheric particulate matter and the number of confirmed cases of influenza in Pudong New Area. For each increase of 10 μg/m³ in the concentration of the two types of particulate matter, the confirmed cases increased by 0.638% (95%CI: 0.413%~0.864%), and 0.520% (95%CI: 0.324%~0.715%), respectively, when the lag was 0-7d (lag07). People of different ages and genders were affected by atmospheric particulate matter differently. After incorporating the effects of SO₂, NO₂, CO, and O₃ in the multi-pollutant model, the effect of atmospheric particulate matter on the number of influenza cases had changed. Conclusion The increase of atmospheric particulate matter (PM_2.5, PM₁₀) concentration increased the number of confirmed cases of influenza in Pudong New Area.

ObjectiveTo understand the serotype distribution and drug resistance of salmonella contaminated in commercially available food. MethodsSalmonella detection， including the serotypes， was conducted in food products sold in Pudong New Area from 2020 to 2022. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of 15 antibiotics was conducted by the broth microassay. ResultsA total of 118 salmonella strains were detected in 2 497 pieces of food， with a total detection rate of 4.7%. The dominant detection categories were poultry meat， livestock meat and aquatic products. The 118 salmonella strains could be divided into 24 serotypes， Salmonella enteritidis （26.4%）， Salmonella Typhimurium （16.2%） and Salmonella delpy （14.4%） were the main dominant types. Salmonella had the highest resistance rate to ampicillin （63.6%）， followed by tetracycline， chloramphenicol， cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. Among the three dominant serotypes， the multidrug resistance rate of Salmonella typhimurium was the highest （89.5%）， followed by Salmonella delpy （70.6%） and Salmonella enteritidis （61.3%）. ConclusionLivestock， poultry meat， and aquatic products are seriously contaminated by salmonella with diverse serotypes. The livestock meat is mainly contaminated by Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella delpy， and the poultry meat is mainly contaminated by Salmonella enteritidis. The drug resistance spectrum is wide and the multi-drug resistance rate is high. Different from the livestock and aquatic isolates， poultry meat-derived strains have high tolerance to ampicillin， nalidixic acid and polymyxin， and carry certain potential food safety risks.