Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of superior mesenteric artery ischemic diseases.Methods:The clinical and followup data of 141 hospitalized patients with ischemic disease of superior mesenteric artery in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from 1999 to 2021 were reviewed.Results:There were 99 males (70.2%) and 42 females (29.8%). The average age of the patients was (63.75±13.16) years; 127 patients (90.1%) complained abdominal pain.The number of all-cause deaths in the perioperative period was 27 (19.1%). ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value of the age with predictive value was 64.5 years. The results of multivariate COX regression analysis showed that age ≥65 years old ( HR=3.855, 95% CI: 1.739-8.545), neutrophil count ( HR=1.072, 95% CI: 1.018-1.130), heart failure ( HR=2.863, 95% CI: 1.332-6.154), creatinine ( HR=1.009, 95% CI: 1.003-1.015), D-Dimer ( HR=1.112, 95% CI: 1.025-1.205) was an independent risk factor for all-cause death from superior mesenteric artery ischemic disease. Long-term survival rate of SMAD group was significantly higher than that of other SMAID; By comparing the clinical characteristics of different SMAID, neutrophil count, neutrophil ratio, D-dimer of SMAE group and SMAT group were significantly higher than that of SMAD group and ASSMA group. Conclusions:SMAID usually occurs in elderly men over 65 years old, with abdominal pain as the main symptom and often accompanied by hypertension. Risk factors included age, increased WBC count and D-dimer; The neutrophil count, neutrophil ratio, D-dimer in SMAE and SMAT group were significantly higher than that of SMAD and ASSMA group.