[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effect of microRNA-132 ( miR-132 ) transfection on the lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)-induced inflammation in rat alveolar macrophages.METHODS:The rat alveolar macrophage NR8383 cultured with-out pyrogen in vitro were divided into blank control group, negative control group and transfected group.The cells in the 3 groups were transfected with phosphate buffer solution ( PBS) , Lipofectamine 2000 and synthesized miR-132 mimic respec-tively.The cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 ( CCK-8) assay.Real-time PCR was used to detect the ex-pression of miR-132 in the cells.After NR8383 cells were stimulated with LPS for 6 h, the NF-κB DNA-binding activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay ( EMSA) .The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) and interleu-kin-6 (IL-6) in NR8383 cells was assayed by Western blotting.RESULTS: After transfection, the expression of miR-132 was significantly higher than that in blank control group and negative control group.The growth of NR8383 cells in transfect-ed group was significantly inhibited compared with blank control group and negative control group ( P<0.05 ) .After the cells were stimulated with LPS, the productions of NF-κB, TNF-αand IL-6 in transfected NR8383 cells were decreased com-pared with blank control group and negative control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Transfection of alveolar macropha-ges with miR-132 significantly suppresses the cell growth, and inhibits inflammatory responses induced by LPS.