Aquaporins,known as a family of water channel proteins,are crucial factors involved in colonic transmembrane water transport and play important roles in maintaining the homeostasis of internal and external environment of intestinal cells and modulating enteric nerve functions. Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome( IBS-D)is a commonly seen gastrointestinal functional disorder in clinical practice. Recently,there are more and more researches focusing on the roles of aquaporins in IBS-D,however,mechanisms of its protective or damaging effects on IBS-D are still not clear. In this review article,the progress of research on the modulatory effect of aquaporins in IBS-D was summarized.

OBJECTIVEThe mainstay of therapy in patients with septic shock is early and aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation. However the type of intravenous fluid that would be ideal for managing septic shock has been intensely debated. In this study, the authors observed the effects of 3% hypertonic saline solution compared with normal saline solution as early fluid resuscitation in children with septic shock.

METHODIn this prospective study, 44 septic shock children seen in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics were enrolled from January 2012 to January 2014, of whom 33 were male and 11 were female. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: normal saline group (NS group, 24 patients) and 3% hypertonic saline group (HS group,20 patients). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups of patients in age, gender, pediatric critical illness score (PCIS), oxygenation index (OI = PaO2/FiO2), arterial lactate, initial hemodynamic parameters, serum sodium and treatment at time of admission. Patients in NS group received normal saline guided by standard therapy. Those in HS group received 6 ml/kg 3% hypertonic saline as a single bolus over 10 min to 15 min with a maximum of 2 boluses and other standard therapy. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), arterial lactate, oxygenation index, urine output, serum sodium, lactate clearance rate, PCIS, fluid infusion volume, vasoactive - inotropic score, mechanical ventilation time , as well as incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and 28 days in - hospital mortality were recorded for all patients.

RESULT(1) HR, MAP in both groups were significantly higher after infusion than those on admission. There were no significant difference in HR and MAP at 1h, 3h, 6h and 24h after infusion between NS group and HS group. (2) OI in HS group was significantly higher than that on admission at 3 hours after infusion [(321. 8 ± 50. 7) vs. (296. 5 ± 58. 2) mmHg, t = -2. 50, P = 0. 018 ]), and it was significantly higher at 24 hours after infusion in NS group (325. 7 ± 62. 6) vs. (304. 2 ± 70. 4) mmHg, t = -2.60, P=0.016]. There were no significant differences in OI at 1h, 3h, 6h and 24h after infusion between NS group and HS group. (3) At 1 hour after infusion, serum sodium in HS group was significantly higherthan that in NS group [(138.3 ± 3.8)vs. (135.0 ± 3.5) mmol/L, t=8.77, P=0.005], and then no significant difference at 3h, 6h and 24h after infusion between two groups. (4) At 6 hours and 24 hours after treatment, fluid infusion volume in HS group was markedly less than that in NS group [6 h: (39. 2 13. 9) vs. (60. 8 ± 22. 4) ml/kg, t = 14. 21, P =0. 000; 24 h: (102. 9 ± 27. 7) vs. (130. 6 ± 33. 2 ) ml/kg, t= 8. 85, P = 0. 005]. Urine output had not significant different between the two groups. (5) There were no significant differences in 24h PCIS, 24h lactate clearance rate, vasoactive - inotropic score and mechanical ventilation time between the two groups. The incidence of MODS (80. 0% in HS group, 70. 0% in NS group) and mortality rate(5. 0% in HS group, 8. 3% in NS group) were similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONThe 3% hypertonic saline was effective as resuscitation fluid in pediatric septic shock with respect to restoration of hemodynamic stability without obvious side effects. Hypertonic saline could more rapidly improve oxygenation and need less fluid infusion volume compared with normal saline.

Arterial Pressure ; Child ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Prospective Studies ; Resuscitation ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; therapeutic use ; Shock, Septic ; therapy ; Sodium Chloride ; therapeutic use

Objective To observe the effects of early rehabilitation on the motor function of post-stroke hemiplegic patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis.Methods Thirty-six post-stroke hemiplegic patients after intravenous thrombolysis with rtPA were recruited in this study.They were randomly divided into the early rehabilitation group (with the course less than three days) and the control group (with the course between three and seven days),18 cases in each group.Both group received a two-week rehabilitation programme.They were assessed using the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) of up extremity,FMA of lower extremity and ADL score (modified Barthel index,MBI) before and after treatment,as well as at the 3rd month after treatment (during the following-up).Results After treatment and at the following-up,FMA scores of up extremity,FMA scores of lower extremity and MBI scores had improved significantly compared with before treatment in both groups.Furthermore,after treatment,in the early rehabilitation group the average FMA score of lower extremity and MBI score reached (23.33 ± 4.37) and (56.11 ± 22.27) respectively,significantly higher than those of the control group [(17.06 ± 4.70) and (40.00 ± 15.81) respectively].Conclusion Early rehabilitation contributes to short-term recovery of lower extremity motor function and ability in the activities of daily living in post-stroke hemiplegic patients after intravenous thrombolysis.

Objective:To investigate the role of lncRNA H19 in evaluating prognosis and regulating radioresistance of colon cancer, aiming to provide a new potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer.Methods:The value of lncRNA H19 in the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of colon cancer was assessed based on bioinformatics technology. The expression of lncRNA H19 in HCT116 and SW620 cells was regulated through siRNA and overexpression plasmid transfection, respectively. The effect of regulating lncRNA H19 expression on the proliferation, DNA synthesis, radiosensitivity and cell cycle of colon cancer cells after X-ray irradiation were detected by CCK8, EdU, cell clonogenic survival assay and flow cytometry.Results:The expression of lncRNA H19 was significantly upregulated in colon cancer tissues and correlated with poor prognosis in colon cancer patients. LncRNA H19, as a high-risk gene for colon cancer, had a significant advantage for prognostic assessment of colon cancer (AUC=0.816). Furthermore, the expression of lncRNA H19 was upregulated after X-ray irradiation in colon cancer cells. Knockdown of lncRNA H19 (siRNA-H19) significantly increased the radiosensitivity in HCT116 cells, while overexpression of lncRNA H19 (H19-OE) enhanced the radioresistance in SW620 cells. Moreover, flow cytometry revealed that the G 2/M phase arrest induced by X-ray irradiation was obviously aggravated after siRNA-H19 treatment in colon cancer cells, which suggested that lncRNA H19 might regulate the radiosensitivity by inhibiting cell cycle progression. Conclusion:LncRNA H19 plays a key role in the prognostic assessment and regulating the radiosensitivity in colon cancer, which can be used as a potential target for improving radiosensitivity of colon cancer radiotherapy.

ObjectiveTo establish a non-targeted screening method for emerging contaminants in drinking water based on high-resolution mass spectrometry and apply it to actual water samples. MethodsA total of 9 drinking water samples collected from 3 reservoirs in Shanghai were purified and concentrated by HLB solid phase extraction column， then separated and analyzed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometer and gas chromatography high⁃resolution mass spectrometer. The acquired data were analyzed by Thermo Tracefinder， Excel and other software combined with mzCloud and NIST databases. The methodology was verified with representative compound standards. Pesticide and perfluorinated compounds were taken as examples to analyze their pollution status. ResultsA non-targeted analysis strategy based on liquid chromatography and gas chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry was established. The pollution level of 20 kinds of pesticides and 4 kinds of perfluorinated compounds identified in 9 drinking water samples were higher in the Huangpu River than in the Yangtze River estuary. ConclusionThe established non-targeted screening method by high-resolution mass spectrometry can detect potential emerging contaminants in drinking water without relying on the standards， which provides a powerful technical means for water quality monitoring and risk assessment.

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics of children with adenovirus pneumonia and provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment timely. Method: This retrospective study included 89 children who were confirmed to have adenovirus pneumonia in hospital from January 2015 to December 2016. All the immunofluorescence test result of the 89 children showed that the exfoliated nasopharyngeal cells from the 89 children were all adenovirus antigen positive. All the severe type children reached the diagnostic criteria of severe pneumonia by the respiratory group in the society of pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association. The children were divided into 2 groups (severe type group and common type group). Different factors such as epidemiologic feature, clinical manifestation, laboratory examination and imaging data were analyzed. Results: Among the 89 pediatric patients, the male to female ratio was 1.5∶1. The ages ranged from 1 month to 14 years. Children under 5 years of age accounted for 96.6%(86/89). The incidence was 37.1%(33/89)in winter and 30.3%(27/89)in spring. The lengths of hospital stay were 3-48 days and the median length of stay was 8.25±4.75 days. All of these 89 cases had fever and cough. The proportion of severe adenovirus pneumonia was high among male, under 2 years of age, those with dyspnea, hepatosplenomegaly, tachycardia, leukocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), PCT, myocardial enzymes, electrocardiogram abnormality and cluster shadow in chest CT. Differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Special attention should be paid to the male children under the 2 years of age with abnormal related indicators to consider severe adenovirus pneumonia. Early detection and treatment are the key to improve treatment and reduce death.