Gallbladder Diseases ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Humans ; Polyps

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influential factors for the prognosis in patients with paraquat poisoning.

METHODSRetrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients with acute paraquat poisoning to evaluate serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels and organ injuries.

RESULTSAmong the patients, 21 had lung injury, 26 had kidney injury, 13 had multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and 12 died. The factors associated with lung injury were kidney injury and serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels within 24 hours after paraquat poisoning.

CONCLUSIONThe renal function in early stage of paraquat poisoning is related to lung injury and thus can be used asa predictor for the incidence of lung injury.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alanine Transaminase ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Injury ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; diagnosis ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of tinnitus in patients with auditory neuropathy spec- trum disorder (ANSD). METHOD: This study recruited 14 ANSD patients with tinnitus. All the ANSD patients un- derwent detailed history taking, audiological examinations and assessments of tinnitus. This study analyzed the correlation of tinnitus status and hearing loss, and discussed the effects of sex, age, and the course of disease on tinnitus in ANSD patients. RESULT: (1) In the ANSD patients, tinnitus often occurred in 3 years after the onset of hearing loss; (2) Tinnitus was highly prevalent in ANSD patients, and the severity of tinnitus was mostly from mild to moderate; (3) There was no obvious correlation between the subjective grading of tinnitus and hearing loss de- gree, and the impact of curve patterns of hearing loss on the level of tinnitus need much more evidence-based proof; (4) Along with the course extension, the impact of tinnitus on the quality of life was much more obvious; (5) Some risk factors such as noise exposure could be the reasons of aggravating the degree of tinnitus. CONCLUSION Tinnitus in ANSD patients has its unique clinical features. The study of Tinnitus in ANSD patients can provide clinical basis for further research in ANSD.
Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Central ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Tinnitus ; complications ; diagnosis

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis, closely associated with the immune system. Its pathogenesis is currently not clear. The lack of specificity in the clinical manifestations and histopathological changes of PG leads to a long clinical diagnosis cycle and even misdiagnosis, which is easy to delay treatment or promote the deterioration of ulcer wound. The diagnosis of this disease is still very difficult, which poses a great challenge to wound repair practitioners. This article reviews the research advances on the pathophysiology, clinical features, and diagnosis of PG in recent years, with the aim of providing reference for relevant clinical practitioners.
Humans ; Pyoderma Gangrenosum/pathology*

Objective:To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of ropivacaine on the growth and migration of lung cancer cells.Methods:Human lung adenocarcinoma cell strain A549 cells and human lung squamous cell strain H520 cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=24 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C) and different concentrations of ropivacaine groups (Ⅰ-Ⅲ groups). Cells were commonly cultured in group C. Ropivacaine 3, 5 and 7 mmol/L were added and then the cells were cultured in Ⅰ-Ⅲ groups, respectively. The cell survival rate was determined using the CCK-8 method at 24, 48 and 72 h of treatment (T 1-3). The cell cycle and apoptosis were detected at T 1 using flow cytometry. The expression of Cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and cleaved caspase-3 was detected using Western blot. Wound healing assay was used to measure cell migration distance. The activities of RhoA and Rac1 were detected by microplate spectrophotometry. Results:The cell viability of A549 and H520 cells sequentially decreased at T 1-3, the proportion of G0/G1 phase and apoptosis sequentially increased, the expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 was down-regulated sequentially at T 1, the expression of cleaved PARP-1 and cleaved caspase-3 was up-regulated sequentially, and the cell migration distance, RhoA, and Rac1 activity decreased sequentially in C, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Ropivacaine can inhibit the growth and migration ability of lung cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which is related to induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of tumor shape and location on pulmonary dose-volume parameters by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), aiming to provide a reference basis for establishing limits of the pulmonary dose-volume parameters during IMRT. Methods: Clinical data of 208 NSCLC patients undergoing radical IMRT from June 2009 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the tumor shape and location, 208 cases were divided into the vertical bar group (n=127) and the horizontal bar group (n=81), the superior lung group (n=103) and the inferior lung group (n=105). Regression model curve was used to evaluate the effect of tumor shape and location upon the common pulmonary dose-volume parameters(V₅, V₂₀, MLD, AVS₅ and AVS₂₀). Results: In all groups, the fitting curves of V₅, V₂₀ and MLD were manifested in the quadratic equation pattern, and AVS₅ and AVS₂₀ in the logarithmic equation manner. In the vertical bar group, the V₅(P=0.015), V₂₀(P=0.047) and MLD (P=0.012) were significantly higher, whereas the AVS₅(P=0.044) was significantly lower compared with those in the horizontal bar group. No statistical significance was observed in AVS₂₀ between two groups (P=0.490). The tumor location exerted significant effect upon V₅ alone (P=0.009). Conclusions When the tumors presents in the vertical bar shape, the limits of the common lung dose-volume parameters are likely to exceed those of tumors in the vertical bar shape. Lung tumors located in the inferior lobe exerts a more significant effect upon the low-dose region volume compared with the tumors in the superior lobe.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of three Chinese Meniere's disease (MD) families and decipher the mechanism of MD further.

METHODSPersonal and family medical evidence of hearing loss, vestibular symptoms, and other clinical abnormalities of the participants were identified, clinical and genetic features were analyzed. Targeted 307 genes capture and high-throughput sequencing were performed on the two ascertained members of family 1007184.

RESULTSEight patients from these three families showed post-lingual sensorineural hearing loss, six women and two men were involved. Age of onset in these affected members concentrated in the middle age, with the average age of 39.3 years old. Among them, patients from 1407278 were accompanied by migraine. All of the three probands presented as recurrent vertigo firstly, and then fluctuated hearing loss showed up, accompanying by tinnitus and ear fullness feeling. The hearing loss manifested as late-onset, low frequency-involved pattern, with subsequent gradual progression from moderate to severe level. Some of the patients progressed to severe level involving all frequencies at higher ages. In addition, most of the cases showed revitalization. Four cases received vestibular function tests, three of which had varying dysfunction of vestibular function, while the other one had normal vestibular function. Patients who had abnormal vestibular function showed much more severe hearing impairment. The three-generation family 1007193 had an autosomal recessive genetic characteristics, family 1007184 showed autosomal dominant inheritance of characteristics, family 1407278 were either autosomal dominant or X-linked dominant pattern. Through target genes capture high-throughput sequencing technology, we identified two candidate variants in the two members of family 1007184, named c. 2057G>A in EGFLAM and c. 1961C>T in ITGA8.

CONCLUSIONMeniere's disease has some genetic and familial aggregation in Chinese population, but its complex genetic pathogenic mechanisms need further study.

Adult ; Deafness ; Family Health ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Inheritance Patterns ; Male ; Meniere Disease ; complications ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; etiology ; Tinnitus ; etiology ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of Mailuo Shutong Pills(MLST) on posterior limb swelling caused by femur fracture in rats. The rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, a low-dose MLST group(1.8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), a high-dose MLST group(3.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and a positive drug group(60 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) Maizhiling Tablets). The femur in the sham operation group was exposed and the wound was sutured, while the other four groups underwent mechanical damage to cause femur fracture. The rats were treated with corresponding drugs by gavage 7 days before modeling and 5 days after modeling, while those in the sham operation group and the model group were given an equivalent dose of distilled water by gavage. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to detect the pathological injury of the posterior limb muscle tissues in rats, and the degree of hind limb swelling was measured. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit was used to detect the expression levels of interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the serum of rats in each group. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA), catalase(CAT), and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in rat serum was also measured. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1), and nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) in rat posterior limb muscle tissues. The changes in the intestinal flora and intestinal metabolites in rats were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS), respectively, to explore the underlying mechanism of MLST in treating posterior limb swelling caused by femur fracture in rats. Compared with the model group, MLST significantly improved the degree of posterior limb swelling in rats, reduced the levels of serum inflammatory factors, and alleviated oxidative stress injury. The HE staining results showed that the inflammatory infiltration in the posterior limb muscle tissues of rats in the MLST groups was significantly improved. Western blot results showed that MLST significantly increased the protein expression of HO-1, NQO1, and Nrf2 in rat posterior limb muscle tissues compared with the model group. The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that MLST improved the disorder of intestinal flora in rats after femur fracture. The UPLC-MS/MS results showed that MLST significantly affected the bile acid biosynthesis and metabolism pathway in the intestine after femur fracture, and the Spearman analysis confirmed that the metabolite deoxycholic acid involved in bile acid biosynthesis was positively correlated with the abundance of Turicibacter. The metabolite cholic acid was positively correlated with the abundance of Papilibacter, Staphylococcus, and Intestinimonas. The metabolite lithocholic acid was positively correlated with Papilibacter and Intestinimonas. The above results indicated that MLST could protect against the posterior limb swelling caused by femur fracture in rats. This protective effect may be achieved by improving the pathological injury of the posterior limb muscle, reducing the expression levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress-related factors in serum, reducing the oxidative injury of the posterior limb muscle, improving intestinal flora, and balancing the biosynthesis of bile acids in the intestine.
Rats ; Animals ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Oxidative Stress ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Femur ; Bile Acids and Salts ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism*

According to the classification of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of coronavirus disease 2019 by the national competent authority, this study determined that human coronavirus 229 E(HCoV-229 E) was infected in a mouse model of cold and dampness syndrome, so as to build the human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking lung syndrome model. The model can simulate the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of common disease syndromes in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Diagnosis and Treatment Program(the sixth edition for trial). Specific steps were as follows. ABALB/c mouse model of cold and dampness syndrome was established, based on which, HCoV-229 E virus was infected; then the experiment was divided into normal control group, infection control group, cold-dampness control group, cold-dampness infection group(the model group), high-dose Chaiyin Particles group(8.8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and low-dose Chaiyin Particles group(4.4 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)). On the day of infection, Chaiyin Particles was given for three consecutive days. Lung tissues were collected the day after the last dose, and the lung index and inhibition rate were calculated. The nucleic acid of lung tissue was extracted, and the HCoV-229 E virus load was detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. Blood leukocytes were separated, and the percentage of T and B lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. Lung tissue protein was extracted, and IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ contents were detected by ELISA. High and low-dose Chaiyin Particles significantly reduced the lung index(P<0.01) of mice of human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking the lung syndrome, and the inhibition rates were 61.02% and 55.45%, respectively. Compared with the model control group, high and low-dose Chaiyin Particles significantly increased cross blood CD4~+ T lymphocytes, CD8~+T lymphocytes and total B lymphocyte percentage(P<0.05, P<0.01), and reduced IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in lungs(P<0.01). In vitro results showed that TC_(50), TC_0, IC_(50) and TI of Chaiyin Particles were 4.46 mg·mL~(-1), 3.13 mg·mL~(-1), 1.12 mg·mL~(-1) and 4. The control group of in vitro culture cells had no HCoV-229 E virus nucleic acid expression. The expression of HCoV-229 E virus nucleic acid in the virus control group was 1.48×10~7 copies/mL, and Chaiyin Particles significantly reduced HCoV-229 E expression at doses of 3.13 and 1.56 mg·mL~(-1), and the expression of HCoV-229 E nucleic acid was 9.47×10~5 and 9.47×10~6 copies/mL, respectively. Chaiyin Particles has a better effect on the mouse model with human coronavirus pneumonia with pestilence attacking the lung syndrome, and could play a role by enhancing immunity, and reducing inflammatory factor expression.
Animals ; Coronavirus 229E, Human ; Coronavirus Infections ; immunology ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung ; immunology ; virology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Primary ureteral plasmacytoid carcinomas is a rare tumor with high grade and poor diagnosis. Pathological and immunohistochemical staining play an extremely key role in diagnosis since there is no specific clinical and radiological evidence. The surgical removement is the first line treatment. Herein, we report a case of ureteral plasmacytoid carcinoma that was well controlled with multimodal therapy.