Yersinia bacteriophage is a virus that hosts Yersinia bacteria, which not only affects the survival and evolution of the host bacteria, but also plays an important role in biomass cycling and energy flow. As of November 2022, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in the United States has uploaded the complete genome sequences of 119 Yersinia bacteriophages. The genome size and genetic content of different Yersinia bacteriophages vary, and the similarity between the genomes is relatively low. This article reviews the basic genomic characteristics and gene functions of Yersinia bacteriophages, and studies the differences between the genomes of different species of Yersinia bacteriophages, in order to provide reference for understanding the functional differences and genetic evolution of Yersinia bacteriophage.

Yersinia pestis phage is a virus that is parasitic within Yersinia pestis and can specifically lyses Yersinia pestis. The adsorption sites of phage infesting host bacteria are called receptor binding protein (RBP), including extracellular membrane protein, lipopolysaccharide, teichoteic acid, pili, flagella, capsular polysaccharide, etc., of which extracellular membrane protein and lipopolysaccharide are the receptors of Yersinia pestis phage. RBP plays a decisive role in the process of Yersinia pestis phage infecting Yersinia pestis. Therefore, the classification, isolation and application of Yersinia pestis phage are summarized; the research progress in identification and structure of Yersinia pestis phage receptor is analyzed, which is helpful in understanding the cleavage mechanism of Yersinia pestis phage and the interaction mode with Yersinia pestis from the molecular level, and provide more powerful support for in-depth study on Yersinia pestis phage receptor.

Objective : To analyze and compare the gene chip data of normal people and patients with acute myocardial infarction through GEO gene expression database , to screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) , and to predict potential Chinese medicines for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Methods : GSE66360 gene microarray was downloaded , DEGs information was obtained by analysis , gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of differential genes were performed , key genes were further analyzed by String database and Cytoscape software , and key genes were mapped to the medical ontology information retrieval platform (Coremine Medical) to screen potential Chinese medicines for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Results : A total of 943 differentially expressed genes were screened. The biological process was mainly enriched in myeloid leukocyte activation , regulation of cytokine production , leukocyte chemotaxis , etc. The cellular component was mainly focused on secretory granule lumen , membrane surface , and extrinsic components of the membrane , etc. Molecular function was mainly in chemokine receptor binding , pattern recognition receptor activity , cytokine binding , etc. KEGG analysis showed that the main signaling pathways involved were tumor necrosis factor (TNF) , hypoxia inducible factor⁃1 (HIF⁃1) , and JAK⁃STAT signaling pathways , etc. The key genes to be screened are formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) , signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) , chemokine (C - X - C motif) ligand 1 ( CXCL1) , chemokine ( C ⁃X ⁃C motif) ligand 8 ( CXCL8) , ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n⁃recognin 4 ( UBR4 ) , jun proto⁃oncogene ( JUN ) , platelet⁃activating factor receptor (PTAFR) , Fc fragment of IgE , high affinity I , receptor for; gamma polypeptide (FCER1G) , G protein⁃coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) , plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU) . The potential herbs predicted for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction were Centipede (P = 0. 003 30) , Rithoma Curcuma (P = 0. 002 39) , Curcuma (P = 0. 002 40) , Paris polyphylla Smith (P = 0. 002 48) , Salviae miltiorrhizae (P = 0. 002 72) , Fritillary bulb (P = 0. 003 71) , and Panax ginseng (P = 0. 001 59) . Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicines such as Rithoma curcuma in activating blood and removing blood stasis medicine , Panax ginseng in nourishing Qi , and Fritillary bulb in medicine for the treatment of cough and asthma have protective effects on acute myocardial infarction. The mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of immune and anti⁃inflammatory signaling pathways.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of new elderly malignant tumor cases in Tongren City from 2018 to 2022, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of elderly malignant tumor in this area. Methods A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of cases aged 60 and above who were first diagnosed with malignant tumors by pathology in our hospital from 2018 to 2022 was conducted based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Results The incidence rate of elderly malignant tumors in Tongren City increased from 123.83/100 000 in 2018 to 126.14/100 000 in 2022, and the incidence rate showed a trend of first rising and then declining. The top five tumors in incidence rate are lung cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer and cervical cancer. The tumor order has changed over the years except lung cancer, which was the first. Lung cancer was the main high incidence tumor among the elderly of all ages. With the increase of age, the number of bladder cancer patients increases significantly, and the number of colon cancer patients also shows an upward trend. The prevalence rate of lung cancer（χ²=16.032，P=0.014) , liver cancer（χ²=8.099，P=0.030) , bladder cancer（χ²=11.274 , P=0.018) , and gastric cancer（χ²=19.387 , P=0.011) in elderly people of different sexes was generally higher in men than in women, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Lung cancer , rectal cancer and liver cancer, as the malignant tumors with high case composition and rapid increase in the elderly, can be the focus of early screening and prevention of malignant tumors in the elderly in Tongren City, and men should pay more attention.