Objective Lateral dislocation of the patella pulled laterally from the trochlea and across the lateral femoral condyle,was often a transient phenomenon with spontaneous reduction,diagnosis based on the results of physical examination and clinical history was difficult.The present was in an effort to explore the mechanism and definition of acute patellofemoral dislocation as well as assessment with MRI of the injury.Methods From May2001to July2002,34patients aging from11to25years with18males and16females,had a history of knee joint,28of which were experienced a twisting injury with the knee in flexion and internal rotation of femur on a fixed foot.Sagital,coronal and transverse MRI were performed with T 1 WI,T 2 WI,STIR and TSHIRT sequences.The manifestations of MRI were analyzed retrospectively,and clinical data,X-ray films,CT scan and the findings of arthroscopy were studied as well.Results All of34cases injured were found the signal intensity abnormalities of subchondral bone in the inferior medial part of patella and the anteri-or lateral part of lateral femoral condyle,which suggested that bone was injured.MRI findings of cartilage fis-sure at medial patella were found in20cases and injury of the patella retinaculum was seen at MRI in27cas-es.MRI findings revealed joint effusion in all patients,and lateral subluxation of the patella was seen at MRI in23cases.Conclusion The resultant jury on MRI findings of acute patellofemoral joint dislocation caused by a-cute impingent of patellar medial facet to lateral femoral chondyle at the various degree of flexion and rotation of the knee include the osteochondral fracture in the inferior medial part of patella,the anterior lateral part of lateral femoral condyle,the subluxation or dislocation of patella,the injury of medial patella retinaculum and the joint effusion.MRI could be helpful for the diagnosis of the disease,and demonstrate the location and ex-tent of injury on the different compartments of the involved knee.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of MRI in tumor of soft tissue. Methods The MRI manifestations of 180 soft tissue tumors dating from October 2001 to August 2004 were retrospectively analyzed, they were all confirmed by pathology. All cases were examined with Picker 0.23 T MRI. Fast spin echo(FSE)T1 and T2-weighted sequences and short tau inversion recovery (STIR/TSHIRT) fat-suppressed sequences were commonly used. MR examinations were performed at least in two of coronal, sagittal, axial planes. Of 180 cases, there were 62 vascular tumors, 34 giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, 26 neural tumors, 23 lipomas, 18 fibrous tumors; 17 malignant tumors including 7 of malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH), 3 of malignant lymphomas, 2 of liposarcoma and one each of chondrosarcoma, myofibrosarcoma, melanoma, facial sarcoma and leiomyosarcaoma. 10 cases were of tumor-like lesions, including 2 of myositis ossificans, 8 of fat necrosis. GCT of tendon sheath (33/34 cases), hemangiomas (23/52 cases) were common in hands and feet. MFH often involved legs and upper arms(4/7 cases, 3/7 cases). The tumors in the groin were mainly malignant(4/5 cases). Results The ratio of benign to malignant tumors was 9∶1. Tumors showed isointensity or hypointensity in T1WI and hyperintensity or mainly hyperintensity but mixed signal in T2WI. The diameter of benign tumors was 1-18 cm, the malignant was 4-10 cm. The tumors were lobulated, oblong or irregular in shape. 12 invaded to bone, 28 involved to neurovascular system. Some body parts were easily involved because of different histologic component. Conclusion The MRI for soft tissue tumors is highly sensitive. The location and some characteristical signs are useful for diagnosis, whereas the size of the lesion, the degree of border smoothness and the signal intensity are not certain for the diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the genetic association between the inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 2A gene and stroke with a history of coronary artery disease ( CAD). Methods 708 patients with stroke and 235 healthy controls were recruited in this study, and the stroke group was delaminated into 2 subgroups according to the history of CAD. SNP rs28944190, an A to C base change located in intron 22 of the gene, was used as a genetic marker. PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was applied to genotype rs28944190 (Hac Ⅲ site). Results The x2 test showed no association between patients with stroke and healthy controls. Of 708 patients, 94 had a history of CAD and the frequency of allele C of rs28944190 was significantly higher in patients with a history of CAD than those without (23.9% vs 16.6%, x2 =5.629, df= 1, P =0.018, OR = 1.580, 95% CI 1.083—2.306), especially in male patients (x2 = 8. 592, df= 1, P = 0. 003, OR = 1. 983, 95% CI 1. 255—3. 134). The frequency of genotype AA + AC of rs28944190 was significantly higher in patients with a history of CAD than those without such a history (47.9% vs 30. 8%, x2 = 10. 761, df= 1, P = 0. 001, OR = 2. 065, 95% CI 1.34—3.19), especially in male patients (x2 = 15. 762, df= 1, P =0. 000, OR =2. 985, 95% CI 1.74—5. 12). Conclusion The present study suggests that the NOS2A gene is unlikely to contribute to the etiology of stroke.

Objective To research the variety and the imaging features of bone tumor and tumor-like lesions in the talus.Methods The imaging features of 33 cases of tumor and tumor-like lesions in the talus were reviewed retrospectively.All cases were confirmed by operation and pathology,All of 33 cases were performed X-ray examination,23 cases were examined by CT,and 11 cases were taken by MR.Results In 33 cases,24 cases were males,9 cases were females; including 7 cases of chondroblastoma(21.2％),7 cases of giant cell tumor(21.2％)(1 case of recurrence),6 cases of osteochondroma(18.2％),2 cases of osteoid osteoma(6.1％),7 cases of adjacent joint bone cyst(21.2％,2 cases of fibrous dysplasia of bone(6.1％),1 case of bone cyst(3％),1 case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH) of bone(3％).6 cases showed pathological fractures.The X-ray and CT imaging features of chondroblastoma,giant cell tumor,adjacent joint bone cyst,fibrous dysplasia of bone,bone cyst demonstrated cystic bony destruction.The common location of chondroblastoma were the posterior of talus(57％),expanding growth slightly,margin were mild osteosclerosis.The margin were osteosclerosis irregularly and osteal ridges showed in giant cell tumor.MRI features were different on pathologic basis,isointense and hypointense signal on T1WI and hyperintense signal on T2WI usually.The osteochondroma showed osseous protuberance connecting the talus,some cases showed calcification in the cap.The imaging of MFH in the talus X-ray and CT showed ill-defined osteolytic bony destruction,soft tissue-mass,no periosteal reactions and bone formation.MRI showed isointense and hypointense signal on T1WI and isointense and hyperintense signal on T2WI.The extent of tumour invasion clearly displayed.Conclusion Tumor and tumor-like lesion in the talus were rare.But there are great varieties.The benign tumor was more common than malignant tumor.Chondroblastoma,giant cell tumor,osteochondroma,osteoid osteoma and adjacent joint bone cyst were relatively common and had some imaging features.Malignant tumor rarely happened in the talus,but it is possible.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the treatment for hip osteoid osteoma by CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation. Methods From August 2006 to January 2010, 8 patients with the osteoid osteomas of the hip were treated with CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation, including 5 males and 3 females with an average age of 18.8 years (range, 12 to 25). The history of local pain was ranging from 2 months to 10 years, with aggravation of pain at night. The locations of the lesions contained: 4cases in the neck of femur, 2 in the lesser trochanter, 1 in the greater trochanter and 1 in the femoral intertrochanteric line. After localization of the nidus with CT, osseous access was established with a Gallini puncturatio needle. After scanning the nidus with CT, a trocar was used to obtain specimens for pathological examination. Subsequently, a microwave probe was introduced through the biopsy needle to the nidus. Microwave ablation was performed at 90 ℃ for 4 to 6 minutes. Prophylactic antibiotics were used two days postoperatively. Results Three patients were diagnosed as osteoid osteoma with the pathological confirmation after the operation, 5 cases were not diagnosed by the pathological confirmation. All the cases were followed up for 6 to 21 months. All the patients reported alleviated pain in the first 24 hours postoperation. One case with lesion in the right proximate femur retained mild pain without nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs 5 month after operation. The same procedure was done once more on this patient, and the outcome was good. No osteonecrosis of the femoral head and other complications were observed in all patients. Conclusion By CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for osteoid osteomas of hip reliably relieves pain with few complications and recurrences. The short-term efficacy is satisfactory. It is a safe and effective technique for treatment of osteoid osteoma.

Objective To summarize the experience of early management in elderly patients with serious burning in order to raise cure rate. Methods Elderly patients (63 cases) with serious burning (burned area exceeding 30% or Ⅲ? area exceeding 10% ) admitted from 1990 to 2002 were retrospectively studied. Patients were divided into two groups according to the admission date, before and after January 1, 1996 since new management was extensively applied after 1996. These measures consisted of rapid and adequate fluid resuscitation, early enteral feeding and autograft after eschar excision. Results The incidence of sepsis and MODS was 38.7% and 19.4% respectively after 1996. It was evidently lower than the group before 1996(65.6% vs 43.8%, P

Proteomic analysis is an effective way to identify protein constituent in Lewy bedy-like inclusions (or aggresome) in vitro. Exposure to synthetic proteasome inhibitor (PSI, 10 μmol/L) for 48 hours was used to induce the formation of cytoplasmic proteineous inclusions (termed as PSi-induced inclusions) in PC12 cells.The proteomic approaches of biochemical fractionation, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-D) and identification via peptide mass fingerprints (PMF) were deployed, and 20 protein components of LBs were identified,i ncluding 2 proteins involved in the production of synaptic neurotransmitter, 6 subunits of the 26 S proteasome,2 cytoskeleton proteins, 2 subunits of mitochondrial complexes, 1 anti-oxidant protein, and 7 chaperone proteins and (or) chaperone-like proteins. The results suggested that these LB protein components might had been recruited in PSI-induced inclusions formed in PC12 cells under the condition of proteasome inhibition.

Objective To investigate the pathogenetic mechanism of ubiquitin-proteasome dysfunction in a model of Parkinson's disease(PD),which can provide the theoretical basis for PD.Methods After establishment of PD model induced by PSI in PC12 cells,proteins of untreated(DMSO) and PSI-treated PC12 cells were extracted 36 h after incubation,and then the maps of the extracted proteins were established by DIGE system.The altered protein spots were identified with MALDI-TOF Pro MS and database searching.Results Thirty-six treatment of PC12 cells with PSI induced the appearance of cytoplasmic Lewy body-like eosinophilic inclusions and apoptosis.The percentage of apoptotic cells was 25.53%.ERp29 were identified by MALDITOF Pro MS.The expression of ERp29 decreased in treatment group,compared with normal group(P

Objective To discuss the measurement of bone tumor volume on the basis of three dimensional images segmentation technology. Methods Twenty patients with lacunar bone tumor from Tianjin hospital and Tongji hospital were included in the study from January 2010 to August 2010. There were 11 males and 9 females. Each patient was exposed to spiral CT preoperatively. Then these primitive CT dates were imported into digital orthopedics clinical research platform (SuperImage orthopedics edition 1.1, Cybermed Ltd). The volume and maximum diameter of bone tumor were measured before operation by three-dimensional reconstruction technology. The actual tumor volume was measured during the operation. The tumor volume was also calculated from plain X-rays and CT scans as ellipsoidal or cylindrical depending on the tumor configuration and presence or absence of a soft tissue component. Results The tumor volume was measured to be (14.92±7.34) mm3, (16.65±6.95) mm3 and (34.29±15.70) mm3 using three-dimensional reconstruction technology, intraoperative elevation, and traditional radiograph measurement separately. It was found that there was no difference regarding the outcomes of measurement between three-dimensional reconstruction technology and gross intraoperative measurement. But obvious difference was detected between gross intraoperative measurement and traditional radiograph measurement. Coefficient of correlation between diameter and volume of bone tumor was 0.325 (P=0.162). Conclusion Digital measurement is a precise, efficient,convenient and repeatable method for bone tumor measurement.

Lewy body (LB), an eosinophilic inclusion localized in the neuronal perikaryon, consists of a wide range of proteins, including the consistent organization and the selective composition. Treatment of PC12 cells with synthetic proteasome inhibitor (PSI) at 10 μmol/L for 48 hours induced the formation of inclusions, which were detected by eosin staining and immunostaining for α-synuclein. To investigate the potential new components of PSI-induced inclusions in vitro, pure intact inclusions were successfully obtained by fractionation and subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) then analyzed with unequivocal matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (eIF-3ε), eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) and mitochondrial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tumt) were identified. The results suggest that 3 eukaryotic translation factors recruited in PSI-induced inclusions may influence formation of the intermediate organelles following the inhibition of proteasomes.