Objective: To evaluate the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of children with hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD). Methods: CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, and Springerlink were searched for articles published from January 2014 to October 2017 with "HFMD, lymphocyte subsets, T-lymphocyte subsets" . Two reviewers selected the studies and extracted the data independently. We performed data analysis using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 software. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in this meta-analysis. Mild vs. severe: The mean difference (MD) and 95% CI of CD3⁺ CD4⁺ T cells, CD3⁺ CD8 ⁺ T cells, CD3⁺ T cells and CD4/CD8 were 7.27 (5.91, 8.63), 3.40 (0.68, 6.12), 11.56 (8.59, 14.53), 0.24 (0.14, 0.34), higher than the severe group. Mild vs. control: The MD and 95% CI of CD3⁺ CD4⁺ T cells, CD3⁺ CD8⁺ T cells, CD3⁺ T cells and CD4/CD8 were -5.62 (-7.16, -4.07), -1.79 (-2.79, -0.79) -6.85 (-9.63, -4.07), -0.27 (-0.48, -0.05) respectively, lower than those in healthy controls. Severe vs. Ccontrol: The MD and 95% CI of CD3⁺ CD4⁺ T cells, CD3⁺ CD8⁺ T cells, CD3⁺ T cells and CD4/CD8 were -12.03 (-14.99, -9.07), -5.45 (-7.47, -3.43) -18.52 (-24.92, -12.12), -0.46 (-0.71, -0.20) respectively, lower than those in healthy controls. Conclusions T-lymphocyte subsets in children with HFMD were related to their condition of disease and declined as the disease worsened.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and incidence of depression in patients with different lo-cations and pathological types of brain tumors. Methods Hamilton Depression Scale (HRSD) was used to assess the de-pression in 140 patients with brain tumor before and after operation. Results The preoperative mean depression rating score was 15.36 ± 6.52 and the prevalence rate of depression was 50 cases (35.7%) in 140 patients with brain tumor. The postoperative mean score of depression was 9.71 ± 5.55 and the prevalence rate of depression was 9 cases (6.4%) in 140 patients with brain tumor. The postoperative depression score and the prevalence rate was significantly decreased after op-eration (P<0.05)(χ2=36.10,P<0.05). The postoperative depression score in either benign or malignant brain tumors was significantly lower after than before operation(all P<0.05)The postoperative depression score in either the left or right or bilateral brain lesions were significantly decreased after than before operation(all P<0.05).Conclusion Pa-tients with brain tumors have different degrees of depression in perioperative. Depression may be associated with brain tu-mour pathological types and lesion sites in patients with brain tumors.

OBJECTIVETo improve the diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion (or spermatic cord torsion), and reduce its misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

METHODSOne hundred and thirteen misdiagnosed clinical cases of testicular torsion from 1994 to 2004 were reviewed and analysed.

RESULTSThe error rate of initial diagnosis was 84.3%, among which 81 cases (71.7%) were misdiagnosed as acute epididymitis or testis, 10 (8.8%) as hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis, and 7 (6.2%) as acute enteritis. The lengths of time between the income and diagnosis of the disease varied from 2 hours to 2 months, averaging 6.3 days. Hand replacement succeeded in 3 cases, surgical examination was carried out in 92, resection of the testis or epididymis was performed in 64, testis atrophy occurred in 26, and the total testis impairment rate was 79.6%.

CONCLUSIONThe key to the reduction of misdiagnosis is to improve the diagnostic methods, which can be achieved by the combined use of case history, physical signs and color ultrasonography. Surgical examination of the scrotum is the best option for both the diagnosis and the treatment of testicular torsion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnostic Errors ; Epididymitis ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orchitis ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; diagnosis