1.Prevention and Treatment of Pregnancy Events in Clinical Trials
Jing WANG ; Hongwei LIU ; Linrui CAI ; Fengshan LI
Chinese Medical Ethics 2018;31(2):220-223
The uncertain safety and effectiveness of test drugs and medical instruments in clinical trials might pose risks to the subjects, and pregnancy events emerging in clinical trials will increase the risks. At present, most of pregnancy events are recorded and reported as an adverse event, but due to their particularity, it is inappropriate to record and handle them with other adverse events. Pregnancy event closely is related to the interests of the sub-jects and the risk it might face, besides, it is also related to the interest and risk of their spouses and offspring. In order to handle pregnancy event, this paper elaborated responsibilities of researchers, sponsors and subjects accord-ing to the purpose of trials in three aspects, including experiment design, informed consent, and test expand, so that the interest of the subjects could get better protection.
2.Enhancing metformin-induced tumor metabolism destruction by glucose oxidase for triple-combination therapy
Fan RANGRANG ; Cai LINRUI ; Liu HAO ; Chen HONGXU ; Chen CAILI ; Guo GANG ; Xu JIANGUO
Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024;14(3):321-334
Despite decades of laboratory and clinical trials,breast cancer remains the main cause of cancer-related disease burden in women.Considering the metabolism destruction effect of metformin(Met)and cancer cell starvation induced by glucose oxidase(GOx),after their efficient delivery to tumor sites,GOx and Met may consume a large amount of glucose and produce sufficient hydrogen peroxide in situ.Herein,a pH-responsive epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)-conjugated low-molecular-weight chitosan(LC-EGCG,LE)nanoparticle(Met-GOx/Fe@LE NPs)was constructed.The coordination between iron ions(Fe3+)and EGCG in this nanoplatform can enhance the efficacy of chemodynamic therapy via the Fenton reaction.Met-GOx/Fe@LE NPs allow GOx to retain its enzymatic activity while simultaneously improving its stability.Moreover,this pH-responsive nanoplatform presents controllable drug release behavior.An in vivo biodistribution study showed that the intracranial accumulation of GOx delivered by this nano-platform was 3.6-fold higher than that of the free drug.The in vivo anticancer results indicated that this metabolism destruction/starvation/chemodynamic triple-combination therapy could induce increased apoptosis/death of tumor cells and reduce their proliferation.This triple-combination therapy approach is promising for efficient and targeted cancer treatment.