Virtual slides were applied in experiment teaching of pathology on trial in clinic medicine college of Sichuan university.The resuhs from the Survey showed that students and teachers preferred virtual slides in learning microscopic lesions.Virtual Slides can help us save time,promote quality of observation,carry out discussion based teaching and manage teaching documents.It can be used in network teaching after marking the lesions.

Objective To investigate the value of mix recombinant antigen in schistosomiasis diagnosis. Methods The recombinant antigens of SjC23 (HD),SjC21.7 and SjCMP10 were expressed in vitro and purified by the affinity chromatography method. The efficacies of soluble egg antigen (SEA),single recombinant antigen and mix recombinant antigen for schistosomiasis diagnosis by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay were compared. Results The diagnostic efficacy was the same when the antibody IgG of the same group sera of schistosomiasis was detected by different quantities of 2.5 ?g/ml and 7.5 ?g/ml of SEA immobilized on microplate, and their absorbency A was the same, but there was a significant difference in the diagnostic efficacies between single recombinant antigen and mix recombinant antigen when the antibody IgG of the same group sera of schistosomiasis was detected by the same quantity of single recombinant antigen or mix recombinant antigen immobilized on microplate, the absorbency A of mix antigen reacted with the sera of schistosomiasis was significant higher than that of the single recombinant. The positive rates were very similar when 39 sera of acute schistosomiasis,80 sera of chronic schistosomiasis and 27 sera of advanced schistosomiasis were detected by SEA or mix recombinant antigen by ELISA in the same time. No cross-reaction presented when 20 clonorchiasis sera were detected by the mix recombinant antigen and no false positive presented when 40 of healthy sera were detected by the mix recombinant antigen. Conclusion The schistosomiasis diagnostic method by using the mix recombinant antigen has been established, which is helpful for improving the efficacy of schistosomiasis diagnosis.

OBJECTIVEEstablish the test platform of the intraocular lens loop, and the platform was evaluated through the experiment.

METHODSThe intraocular lens loop test platform is made up with three models. The different intraocular lens haptics support force can be completed by replacing different sample holder model.

RESULTSThe standard deviation and the coefficient of variation were calculated through the result of the fifteen samples. The standard deviation was 0.04 mN, and the coefficient of variation was 0.66%. The two values were in the acceptable range.

CONCLUSIONSThe platform was so stabilizing that it could be used to test support force of IOL loop. The different shapes of IOL could be tested on the platform through the replacement of the holder model.

Lenses, Intraocular ; Prosthesis Design

OBJECTIVETo explore the morbidity, burdens caused and risk factors of injuries among children and to provide information for policy making on prevention.

METHODSBy PPS sampling method, we selected 28 000 households in Beijing and using a questionnaire developed by UNICEF, TASC and China CDC.

RESULTSThe morbidity of child injury in Beijing was 2.25%, higher than that of adults (1.56%) with 6-9 year group the highest (2.83% ). The morbidity of boys was 3.04% higher than that of girls (1.37%). Among the 7 death cases, 3 were caused by injury(2 RTA, 1 drowning). The three leading causes of injuries were fall, animal bite and road traffic accident in children. Among children aged 0-5 years, fall, animal and burn/machine injuries were the leading causes. Among children aged 0-5 years, the leading causes were hurt by animals, fall and RTA with the leading causes as fall, sprain and RTA. The average medical cost of injury cases was 1617.57 Yuan. There were 3500 children (injured orphan) whose parents were injured leading to death or disability in Beijing in 2003.

CONCLUSIONInjury was the leading cause of child deaths in Beijing with children of 6-9 years old having the highest morbidity with RTA the most severe type of injuries in Beijing which affects both children and their parents.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Morbidity ; Risk Factors ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology

Objective:To discuss whether platelet distribution width (PDW) can effectively predict the prognosis of neuroblastoma (NB).Methods:The clinical data of 67 NB patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2014 and January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into low PDW group and high PDW group according to the PDW level, and the differences in clinical indicators between the 2 groups were compared.The prognostic effects of PDW were assessed by using the Kaplan- Meier method and Cox regression model. Results:Among the 67 patients, 41 cases were male, 26 cases were female, with the ratio of male to female being 1.58∶1.00, and the average age was 44 months (2-156 months). Five cases were in stage Ⅰ, 1 case in stage Ⅱ, 15 cases in stage Ⅲ and 46 cases in stage Ⅳ.At the first time of diagnosis, there were 14 cases with age ≤ 18 months, 53 cases with age > 18 months, 47 cases with neuron specific enolase (NSE) level ≥ 100 μg/L, 20 cases with NSE level<100 μg/L.The median follow-up time was 20.4 months.At the end of follow-up, 35 cases died and 32 cases survived.There was no statistical difference in age, gender, primary site of tumor, tumor stage and mean platelet volume between the low PDW group and the high PDW group (all P>0.05). The proportion of high-risk patients, the level of NSE, bone marrow metastasis rate, MYCN gene amplification rate and the red blood cell distribution width in the high PDW group were significantly higher than those in the low PDW group, but the high PDW group had a lower level of thrombocytocrit than the low PDW group, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Survival analysis revealed that the 2-year overall survival of the low PDW group was significantly higher than that of the high PDW group (69.8% vs.25.3%, χ2=15.761, P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that NSE ( HR=6.606, 95% CI: 2.018-21.620), MYCN gene ( HR=1.977, 95% CI: 0.794-4.919), tumor risk stratification ( HR=5.926, 95% CI: 1.416-24.794), PDW ( HR=4.036, 95% CI: 1.957-8.322), and red blood cell distribution width ( HR=1.120, 95% CI: 1.005-1.249) were the adverse factors affecting the overall survival, and thrombocytocrit was a protective factor for the prognosis of NB.Multivariate analysis indicated that PDW was an independent risk factor of NB ( HR=2.524, 95% CI: 1.017-6.264, P=0.046). Conclusions:There is a good consistency between the increase of PDW and the known prognostic risk factors, elevated tumor markers and bone marrow metastasis.Increased PDW is associated with poor prognosis in NB patients, and PDW is an independent risk factor for the poor prognosis of NB.

Objective To study the population genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships by combining Y-STR haplotype genetic information from the Han population in Dalian with 32 domestic and foreign groups.Methods Blood samples of 958 Han male volunteers from Dalian were collected.Genetic typing of 42 genetic loci was completed using Y-STR fluorescent reagent kits and capillary electrophoresis.Related forensic parameters were calculated.Nei's standard genetic distances among 33 populations based on 17 Y-STR loci were computed,in order to create a principal coordinate analysis as well as construct a phylogenetic tree.Results The analysis of genetic polymorphisms at 42 Y-STR loci revealed 30 unconventional alleles at 10 loci.Genetic analysis of the population based on 17 Y-STR loci confirmed that Dalian's Han population had the closest genetic distance to the Anshan's Han population,followed by populations from Henan,Heilongjiang,Jilin,Shandong,and Chongqing.Furthermore,the genetic distances between the Han population in Dalian and the Qiang population in Beichuan or the Miao population in Guizhou were relatively closer than that to the Manchu population living in Liaoning.Conclusion The genetic distance between the Han population in Dalian and other groups is not entirely proportional to ethnicities and geographical proximity.Both population migration and ethnic assimilation or isolation may have influence on it.

Bile acids(BAs)are synthesized by the liver from cholesterol through several complementary pathways and aberrant cholesterol metabolism plays pivotal roles in the pathogeneses of cholesterol gallbladder polyps(CGP)and cholesterol gallstones(CGS).To date,there is neither systematic study on BAs profile of CGP or CGS,nor the relationship between them.To explore the metabolomics profile of plasma BAs in healthy volunteers,CGP and CGS patients,an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 42 free and conjugated BAs in human plasma.The developed method was sensitive and reproducible to be applied for the quantification of BAs in the investigation of plasma samples.The results show that,compared to healthy volunteers,CGP and CGS were both characterized by the significant decrease in plasma BAs pool size,furthermore CGP and CGS shared aberrant BAs metabolic characteristics.Cheno-deoxycholic acid,glycochenodeoxycholic acid,λ-muricholic acid,deoxycholic acid,and 7-ketolithocholic acid were shared potential markers of these two cholesterol gallbladder diseases.Subsequent analysis showed that clinical characteristics including cysteine,ornithine and body mass index might be closely related to metabolisms of certain BA modules.This work provides metabolomic information for the study of gallbladder diseases and analytical methodologies for clinical target analysis and efficacy evaluation related to BAs in medical institutions.

Bioresorbable vascular scaffolds(BVS) are new treatment strategies of percutaneous coronary intervention. They have been introduced to overcome limitations of bare metal stents (BMS) and drug-eluting stents(DES), since they provide temporary scaffolding and then disappear, liberate the treated vessel from cage. In this article, we review the current status and problems of BVS, various tests required before gaining regulatory approval for clinical use.
Absorbable Implants ; Animals ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prosthesis Design ; Stents ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Treatment Outcome

Shengmai formula,composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Ophiopogon Radix and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,is a classic and famous formula.It is a representative formula for"supplementing qi,nourishing yin,and generating fluid"in Traditional Chinese Medicine theory.To date,a wide range of Shengmai formulae have been developed according to different medical applications,but the quality evaluation standards are at a relatively low level,and most of them only specify the individual components of a single herb,making it difficult to ensure clinical efficacy and safety.At the same time,the physical and chemical identification methods of Shengmai formula have been constantly updated,allowing for greater progress in research on its main chemical components such as saponins,lignans and flavonoids.However,there is little systematic summarization of the chemical components and analytical methods.Based on the existing references,we systematically summarized ginsenosides,ophiopogonins,schisandra lignans,homoisoflavonoids and some other compounds in this paper,as well as the quality standards of Shengmai formulae and their analytical methods in order to aid clinical research and formulation manufacture.

Objective: To conduct the integrated management of hospital, community and family for patients with insulin injection at home, in order to explore the influence of this trinity health education model on the knowledge of medical waste and the standard disposal of discarded needles. Methods: The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge and disposal of medical waste in outpatients, and the causes were analyzed carefully after the problems were found. The hospital, community and family were timely communicated and fed back to the ward and community. After 1, 3 and 6 months of educational intervention, the disposal of insulin needles, the knowledge of medical waste and the recovery of sharp instrument boxes were observed. Results: After 1, 3 and 6 months of health education, the final rate of insulin needles mixed into domestic waste was 51.8% (144/278), 15.1% (42/278) and 4.7% (13/278), respectively. Compared with the first result of 99.6% (277/278), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=173.046, 406.136, 502.346, P<0.01); The first survey found that the correct rate of responding to medical waste knowledge items was low. After health education for 1, 3 and 6 months, the correct rate of medical waste related knowledge items was significantly higher than that of the first survey, and the difference was statistically significant (OR=3.016-3 548.810; 95%CI 2.108-917.869, 4.315-19 777.062; χ²=25.180-524.895; P<0.01) ; After 1, 3 and 6 months of health education, the qualified rate of medical waste knowledge was 82.4% (229/278),75.9% (211/278) and 97.1% (270/278), respectively, which was significantly higher than the first result of 6.5% (18/278). The difference was statistically significant (χ²=324.328, 273.712, 453.832, P<0.01). The sharp box recovery of hepatitis B patients was relatively good. Conclusion Hospital-community-family Trinity health education model can improve the breadth and depth of education objects, not only can improve the knowledge of medical waste related to insulin injection patients at home, but also can improve the standardized disposal ability of insulin waste needles. With the passage of time, the effect of health education continues to be good. This integrated health education model is worth popularizing in clinic.