ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of anthocyanin on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats .Methods Totally 30 SD rats were randomly divided into sham group ,model group and anthocyanin group (n=10 in each) .Hepatic ischemia was constructed in model group and anthocyanin group by ligating left middle lobe of liver vascular branches for 90 min . Anthocyanin was administered at 90 min before ischemia by intraperitoneal injection at the concentration of 100 mg/kg for rats in anthocyanin group .Rats in model group and sham group were injected with the same dosage of normal saline at the same time .Serum and liver tissues were collected at 4 h after reperfusion by putting the rats to death .The expressions of ALT ,AST ,IL‐6 ,IL‐1βand TNF‐αin the serum were examined by ELISA .The pathological changes of liver tissue were evaluated by HE .The mRNA levels of IL‐6 ,IL‐1βand TNF‐αwere measured by RT‐PCR .The content of MDA was examined by TBA . The activities of CAT ,GPx and SOD were evaluated by xanthine oxidase method and the expression of p‐JAK2 ,p‐STAT3 ,JAK2 ,STAT3 and P53 were measured by Western blot .Results Compared with those in the sham group ,the activities of ALT and AST ,the expressions of p‐JAK2 ,p‐STAT3 ,P53 ,IL‐6 ,IL‐1β,TNF‐α and the content of MDA as well as the pathological changes of the liver in model group were significantly increased . However ,the activities of CAT ,GPx and SOD in model group were decreased and the expressions of JAK2 and STAT3 between the two groups did not differ .Compared with those in model group ,the activities of ALT and AST ,the expressions of p‐JAK2 ,p‐STAT3 ,P53 ,IL‐6 ,IL‐1β,TNF‐α,the content of MDA and the pathological changes of the liver in anthocyanin group were significantly decreased . But the activities of CAT , GPx and SOD in anthocyanin group were increased and the expressions of JAK 2 and STAT3 between the two groups did not differ , either .Conclusion Anthocyanin pretreatment can significantly decrease hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation ,and the mechanism may be associated with reducing JAK2/STAT3/P53 signaling activation .

Objective:To explore the role of DKK-1 andβ-catenin expressions in progression of proximal gastric cancer (PGC). Methods:The expression of DKK-1 andβ-catenin in 61 cases with PGC and para-neoplastic tissues and 20 cases with normal gastric mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry. The related clinical significance in the cases was studied. Results:The positive expression rate of DKK-1 and the abnormal expression rate ofβ-catenin in the tissue sections of PGC were 34.4%(21/61) and 68.9%(42/61), respectively. The positive expression rate of DKK-1 and the abnormal expression rate ofβ-catenin in para-carcinoma tissues were 8.2%(5/61) and 6.6%(4/61) , respectively. The positive expression rate of DKK-1 and the abnormal expression rate ofβ-catenin in normal gastric mucosa were 15.0%(3/20) and 10.0%(2/20), respectively. The expression rate was significantly higher in PGC than that in the other tissues (P<0.05). The expression of DKK-1 was positively related to that ofβ-catenin in PGC (r=0.454, P<0.05), but not in the others. Conclusion:Higher expressions of DKK-1 and the abnormal expression ofβ-catenin are closely related to the occurrence of PGC.

Traumatic splenic rupture treated by splenic arterial embolization not only can reserve spleen but also prevent spleen from continually bleeding,with promising clinical effect.The paper reviews most of the traumatic splenic rupture treated by splenic arterial embolization including the basic and clinical research in recent years.

OBJECTIVE:To study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of essential oil extracted from Radix Angelica Sinensis METHODS:The pharmacodynamic effects were obsersed in five experimental models of inflammation and pain,including:(1)mouse auricular edema induced by xylen;(2)increased vascular permeability induced by acetic acid in mice;(3)paw edema caused by albumen in rats;(4)granuloma caused by implanted cotton ball in rats;(5) writhe reaction induced by acetic acid in mice RESULTS:Essential oil from Angelica Sinensis could distinctively inhibit the inflammatory edema caused by various inflammatory agents and reduce the times of writhe induced by acetic acid in mice CONCLUSION:Essential oil from Angelica Sinensis has analgesic effect and could not only inhibit acute inflammation but also chronic ones in animals

Objective:To observe the effect of Er Chen Tang on CYP2E1 and mitochondrial energy metabolism in nonalcoholic fat-ty liver disease ( NAFLD) to explore the role of Pinellinae Rhizoma Praeparata ( PRP) and Citri reticulatae pericarpium ( CRP) in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods:Er ChenTang and the prescription without PRP or CRP was respectively given the animal models by gastric gavage. The serum levels of ALT, AST, triglyceride, cholesterol, SOD and MDA in hepatic tissue, and the contents of liver tissue CYP2E1 and ATP were detected in the mice. Results:The CYP2E1 levels in NAFLD mice increased signif-icantly with abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism. Compared with those in the model group, the levels of ALT, AST, triglyceride and cholesterol were significantly reduced by Er Chen Tang, meanwhile, the content of CYP2E1 was reduced and also restored liver en-ergy metabolism. The treatment effect significantly decreased when the lack of PRP or CRP, and the ability of restoring liver mitochon-drial energy metabolism of Er Chen Tang decreased significantly when the lack of PRP (P<0. 05). After the removal of CRP, the in-hibition ability of Er Chen Tang to CYP2E1 levels significantly decreased (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Er Chen Tang can effectively im-prove nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, and effectively reduce the content of CYP2E1 in liver tissue of mice and restore the mitochondri-al energy metabolism.

Objective To investigate the antitumor activity of the procaspase-3 activator SM-1 in BGC-823 cells in vivo and in vitro and the mechanisms.Methods The inhibitory effects of SM-1 on proliferation of BGC-823 cells were evaluated using MTT method, the cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression of caspase-3 protein and procaspase-3 mRNA was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively.SM-1 Antitumor activity was evaluated using the xenograft of BGC-823 cells in nude mice.Results SM-1 effectively inhibited the proliferation in vitro and in-duced apoptosis of BGC-823 cells in a dose-dependent manner.After treatment with SM-1 for 48 h, the protein expression levels of caspase-3 and mRNA expression levels of procaspase-3 were increased.SM-1 significantly inhibited growth of BGC-823 xenograft tumor at the 300 mg/kg dose and the inhibition rate was 56.3%(P<0.05).Conclusion SM-1 can significantly inhibit the tumor growth of BGC-823 cells in vivo and in vitro.The mechanism is possibly related to the activation of procaspase-3 and induced apoptosis of tumor cells.

Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of oral solution of Huaixue Shenshu for treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy and explore its mechanism. Methods A prospective study was conducted. Forty patients with IgA nephropathy diagnosed by pathology were selected, and they were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 20 cases in each group. The two groups were subjected to the routine treatment, and on this base, the control group also received cozaar 50-100 mg, while the treatment group additionally received oral solution of Huaixue Shenshu decoction (drug composition:Centellae herba 15 g, Sophorae Flos 20 g, Ecliptae Herba 20 g, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus 15 g, Cicadae Periostracum 15 g, Pyrolae Herba 20 g, Saposhnikoviae Radix 10 g, Astragali Radix 15 g, the above ingredients were immersed in water and boiled to form 200 mL decoction, as a dose, and then divided into two parts to take orally one of them each time, twice a day). Both groups took two therapeutic courses in total, 3 months constituting one course. After treatment, the integral changes of clinical symptoms and clinical efficacy were observed, and before treatment and 3 months and 6 months after treatment, the 24-hour urine protein, serum creatinine (SCr), and albumin (Alb) were measured in the two groups. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in integral of clinical symptoms between treatment group and control group (score: 18.42±5.41 vs. 19.95±6.25, P>0.05);after treatment, the integrals of two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the degree of decrease in treatment group was more obvious (score: 6.35±2.11 vs. 9.45±3.55, P < 0.05). After treatment the total effective rate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group [75.0% (15/20) vs. 40.0% (8/20), P<0.05]. Before treatment, the differences in 24-hour urinary protein, SCr and Alb were not significant between the two groups (all P > 0.05); with the prolongation of treatment, the 24-hour urinary protein was decreased gradually, and Alb was increased gradually, reaching its peak after 6 months of treatment, and the changes were more obvious in treatment group [24-hour urinary protein (g):0.71±0.58 vs. 1.31±0.55, Alb (g/L):37.8±6.1 vs. 35.5±5.2, both P<0.01]. No significant difference in SCr was found before and after treatment between the two groups (both P > 0.05). Conclusion The effect of oral solution of Huaixue Shenshu in treatment of IgA nephropathy is good.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the plasma concentration determination of carboplatin,and study the phar-macokinetics of carboplatin in female rats after intravenous injection and intraperitoneal injection. METHODS:HPLC was per-formed on the column of Agilent TC-C18 with mobile phase of methanol-water(5:95,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength was 229 nm,and column temperature was 25 ℃. The inner standard was 5-bromouracil,and injection volume was 20 μL. 24 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,6 in each group. The rats were intravenously injected and intraperitoneally in-jected carboplatin 20,40 mg/kg respectively. 0.5 mL blood sample was taken from eyes before administration and after administra-tion of 0.25,0.5,1,1.5,2,4,6,8,10,12 h. The plasma concentration of carboplatin was determined,and DAS 2.0 was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS:The linear range of carboplatin in plasma was 0.30-60.00 μg/mL (r=0.9991);RSDs of intra-day,inter-day precision were lower than 10%(n=5);RSD of peak area in stability test was lower than 10%(n=5);method recovery was 98.7%-102.4%(RSD≤6.08%,n=5),and extraction recovery was 83.38%-85.45%(RSD≤5.97%,n=5). AUC0-12 h of carboplatin 20,40 mg/kg by intravenous injection and intraperitoneal injection in female rats were (15.503 ± 4.172),(23.402 ± 4.266),(6.716 ± 2.306),(9.384 ± 2.205)μg·h/mL;AUC0-∞ were (16.424 ± 4.846),(23.404 ± 4.266),(6.790±2.378),(9.765±2.095)μg·h/mL;t1/2z were(1.246±0.765),(0.394±0.058),(0.513±0.156),(0.884±0.460) h;and tmax were(0.700±0.274),(0.400±0.335),(0.542±0.368),(0.833±0.289)h,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The meth-od is simple,economic and accurate,with suitable internal standard,and can be used for the plasma concentration determination of carboplatin in female rats and the pharmacokinetic studies.

Aim To investigate the effect of TP on the expression of macrophages inflammatory protein ( MIP-1α) . Methods Total RNA of mouse Ana-1 cells and tumor associated macrophages were extracted, and MIP-1α mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Mouse S180-xenografts were established by injecting S180 cells subcutaneously into the double abdominal flanks of the mice. The postoperative residual tumor models were generated in the right abdominal tumors when tumors grew into 250 mm3 . Animals were treated with TP or CTX, and tumor tissues were separated and MIP-1α was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results There was no significant difference of the expression of MIP-1α between Ana-1 cells and TAMs. TP couldn’ t affect MIP-1αexpression in Ana-1 cells while it signifi-cantly decrease MIP-1α expression in TAMs in a dose-dependent manner. TP significantly decreased MIP-1αexpression of tumor tissue compared with control group. Conclusions MIP-1α will be a new target of TP anti-cancer. Simple cell line tests in vitro couldn’ t reveal the real state in vivo.

Objective To establish a simple and useful kidney or bladder orthotopic tumor model used in preclinical pharmacodynamic evaluation.Methods Mouse model of orthotopic renal cancer were established by subrenal capsule implantation.After aspirating urine and irrigating bladder with PBS,the bladder urothelium was slightly impaired to establish the orthotopic bladder tumor model.Then, B-Ultrasound and H&E staining were used to confirm the availability.Results Tumors could be seen 2 weeks after surgery, accompanied by body mass loss of the mice.H&E staining showed that the tumor cells acted as infiltrative growth.The growth of tumor was inhibited by NTX in vivo, the tumor mass inhibitory rate of the KCC-853 orthotopic tumor model was 57.5% of 60 mg/kg NTX treatment and 48.8% in the T24 orthotopic tumor model of 30 mg/kg NTX treatment.Conclusion Our methods for establishing the orthotopic kidney or bladder tumor model are simple and practical.The results indicate that nitroxoline has potential antitumor activity.