New progress in the area of nanoparticle research are the studies on interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological molecules in body fluid,cellular microenvironment,intracellular components or secreted cellular proteins such as cytokines,growth factors and enzymes and the use of engineered NPs to target various signal transduction pathways in cancer therapy.NPs-induced toxicological mechanism has become one of the most studied topics.Oxidative stress result is not sufficient to explain all the biological effects.This article reviews the latest research progress in nanotoxicology from the perspective of cellular mechanisms,including the interactions between NPs and the cell membrane receptor,cell oxidative stress result,cell apoptosis induction and the effects of NPs on cell cycle.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of butyiphthalide and nimodipine in the treatment of vascular dementia (VAD).Methods Eighty cases with VAD were randomly divided into the treatment group (40 cases) and the control group (40 cases).The control group were given 30 mg nimodipine for three times a day ;The treatment group was given additionally three times a day of 0.2 g butyiphthalide for 12 consecutive weeks.The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE),Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR),and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scores were used for the assessment of cognitive function.The assessments were done before and after treatment.The adverse effects were also recorded.Results In the treatment and the control groups,the MMSE,CDR and ADL scores (MMSE:23.17 ± 1.89,19.43 ± 2.04; CDR:1.06 ± 0.11,1.21 ±0.50;ADL:40.11 ±5.10,41.22 ±4.80) after treatment were significantly improved than those (MMSE:16.54 ± 1.98,16.28 ± 2.11 ; CDR:1.78 ± 0.25,1.75 ± 0.31 ; ADL:47.45 ± 5.22,46.75 ± 5.31) (MMSE:t =2.42,P ＜0.05,t =2.34,P ＜0.05 ;CDR:t =1.67,P ＜ 0.05,t =1.54,P ＜0.05 ;ADL:t =6.73,P ＜0.05,t =5.24,P ＜ 0.05) before treatment.After 12 weeks of treatment,the MMSE,CDR and ADL scores in the butyiphthalide group were significantly improved than that in the control group (t =1.85,1.84,5.91,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).No serious adverse events were recorded during the treatment.Conclusion Butyiphthalide and nimodipine can prominently improve,better than nimodipine alone,the cognitive function of patients with vascular dementia.Moreover,its security and tolerability are good.

Proteomics, a new branch of science, has been used to study protein expressions on the molecular level with a dynamic perspective. Organisms under varying states may express different proteins, which results in the set-up of differential proteomics. Research methods of differential proteomics include the separation and identification of proteins. Differential proteomics has a rapid development in recent years. In the study of acupuncture, researchers have reached certain achievements using differential proteomics to investigate the mechanisms of acupuncture treatment for some diseases, including acute spinal cord injury, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease and neuralgia.

Objective To investigate the coronary angiography characteristics of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Forty-five AMI patients combined with DM and 45 AMI patients without DM all received coronary angiography and the results were compared retrospectively, then the differences of coronary angiography and electrocardiogram characteristics were analyzed. Results The ratio of triple vessel lesions and diffuse lesions of coronary artery were more higher in AMI patients combined with DM than those in AMI patients without DM [64.4%(29/45) vs 35.6%( 16/45) and 82.2%(37/45)vs 40.0%(18/45),P< 0.05]. Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) was more common seen in AMI patients combined with DM than that in AMI patients without DM [37.8% (17/45)vs 17.8% (8/45),P<0.05]. Conclusion AMI patients combined with DM often have NSTEMI with triple vessel lesions and diffuse lesions of coronary artery.

Objective to investigate the effects of liraglutide on omentin-1 and insulin resistance in high-fat diet rats. Methods Forty male Wi-star rats were randomly divided into four groups,and respectively fed with normal diet(NC group),high-fat diet(HF group),high-fat diet with small doses of liraglutide injected intraperitoneally(HF+Lira 1 group),and high-fat diet with large doses of liraglutide injected intraperitoneally (HF+Lira 2 group). After 16 weeks,the body weight,serum lipid levels,omentin-1 and insulin were measured,and then the insulin resistance in-dex were calculated. Results the body weight,the levels of tG,and the insulin resistance index in HF group were higher than NC group,omentin-1 was lower,and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). tC,LDL-C were elevated,HDL-C was reduced,but there were no statisti-cally differences(P > 0.05). Compared with HF group,the body weight,the levels of tG,and the insulin resistance index in HF+Lira 1 group and HF+Lira 2 group were lower,omentin-1 was higher,the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). Furthermore,the effects of HF+Lira 2 group were more pronounced. Conclusion Liraglutide can restrain high-fat diet induced obesity,and improve insulin resistance through elevated the level of omentin-1 in dose-dependent manner.

This study was aimed to analyze the dynamic accumulation of active ingredients of Echinacea purpurea. Contents of cichoric acid and total polyphenols in different parts through the whole growth process were determined by HPLC and colorimetry. The results showed that the content of total polyphenol changed little in annual plant. There were differences in content of cichoric acid of different parts in different periods. And the content reached the maximum at flowering stage. It was concluded that the harvest stage depended on the content of cichoric acid. The results provided theoretical basis for induced plant in Shandong province.

OBJECTIVE To discuss about the infection control management in medical posts located in disaster tents. METHODS The experience of hospital infection control in disaster tent medical posts under special conditions was summarized. RESULTS Under the difficult conditions due to strict management system of infection control and strengthening the posts management,strict disinfection to reduce the spread of the infection was prevented. There were 15877 injured victims treated in disaster tents medical posts and 80 of them were seriously injured,but no infectious disease outbreak incidents were happened,and the safety of every victim and medical staff was ensured. CONCLUSIONS Strengthening management and strictly conducting disinfection and isolation system especially in primitive conditions could prevent the onset and spread of the nosocomial infection.

OBJECTIVE:To develop an HPLC method for the determination of Tanshinone Ⅰ,Tanshinone ⅡA,Cryptotanshinone,and Dihydrotanshinone in Shandantong retard tablets.METHODS:The samples were separated on Lichrospher C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with the mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(80∶20).The detection wavelength was set at 270 nm.RESULTS:The linear ranges of Tanshinone Ⅰ,Tanshinone ⅡA,Cryptotanshinone,and Dihydrotanshinone were 0.20～2.00 ?g,0.30～3.00 ?g,0.20～2.00 ?g,and 0.20～2.00 ?g,respectively.The average recoveries were 99.54%,98.89%,100.10%,and 99.44%,respectively with RSD at 0.40%,0.92%,1.30% and 1.53%(n=6),respectively.CONCLUSION:This method is simple,rapid and accurate,and suitable for the quality control of Shandantong retard tablets.

OBJECTIVE:To provide basis for the establishment of warfarin individualized administration model that is suitable for Uighurian patients in Xinjiang. METHODS:The genotypes of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 in 200 Uighurian patients in xinjiang were detected and compared with the genotypes and allele frequency of different ethnic populations in world. RESULTS:The frequency of CYP2C9*1/*1 homozygous wild type in Xinjiang Uighurian patients was lower than South Korea,Japan,the United States and Han nationality in China,higher than Turkey;the frequency of *1/*2 heterozygous mutant was lower than Turkey,Sweden and the United Kingdom,higher than South Korea,Japan and Han nationality in China;the frequency of *1/*3 heterozygous mutant was higher than Japan,South Korea,Han nationality in China,the United Kingdom and the United States;the frequency of *3/*3 was higher than the populations above(P<0.05). *1 allele in Xinjiang Uighurian patients was lower than Han nationality in China,Ja-pan,South Korea and the United States,higher than Turkey(P<0.05). *2 allele was higher than Han nationality in China,Japan and South Korea,lower than Turkey,Sweden and the United Kingdom(P<0.05). *3 allele was higher than Han nationality in Chi-na,Japan,South Korea,Sweden,the United Kingdom and the United States(P<0.05). The frequency of VKORC1-1639AA in Xinjiang Uighurian patients was higher than the United States Sweden,the United Kingdom,lower than Singapore,Japan,Taiwan China and Han nationality in China. The frequency of type AG was higher than Singapore,Japan,Taiwan China,Han nationality in China. The frequency of type GG was higher than Singapore,Japan,Taiwan China,Han nationality in China,lower than the United States,Sweden and the United Kingdom(P<0.05). Type A allele in Xinjiang Uighurian patients was lower than Han nation-ality in China,Taiwan China,Japan and Singapore,higher than the United States,Sweden and the United Kingdom;type G was higher than Han nationality in China,Taiwan China,Japan and Singapore,lower than the United States,Sweden and the United Kingdom(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The distribution of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene polymorphism in Uighurian patients in Xin-jiang are obviously different from Asian,European and American populations.

Objective To explore the effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on the expression of P27 in human erythrol-eukemia cell line K562 and cell proliferation. Methods Human erythroleukemia cell line K562 cells were cultured to exponential phase, then K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of Rg3 (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) as Rg3 group, and cells treated without Rg3 (0 μg/mL) were take as control group. After 3 days, K562 cells were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining with microscopy , the proliferation of K562 cells were examined by tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay, and the expression of P27 mRNA were detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR assay. Results MTT assay showed that after treatment with Rg3,the inhibition rate (IR) of proliferation of cells in Rg3 groups were increased gradually , and the differences were significant compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The results of fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR showed the levels of P27 mRNA expression in 25,50 and 100 μg/mL Rg3 groups were significant higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The ginsenoside Rg3 can inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells by inducing the expression of P27.