Objective To study a quick and effective assessing method used in the emergency trauma patients in order to prevent delaying treatment for patients from overlook or misdiagnosis during triage. Method From 1 January 2006 to 31 September 2006, there were 4023 patients evaluated with trauma assessment method, which was composed of CRAMS scale and trauma assessment program. Results Of 4023 patients, there were 2430 cases with CRAMS below 1( < 7) ,of whom 1979 cases assessed with trauma assessment program were found to be injuried severely to threaten their lives. And more noticeably,of 1593 patients with CRAMS ≥7 there were 46 patients found to have life-threatening injuries assessed with trauma assessment method. Conclutions CRAMS score can be used for triage, and trauma assessment program can be used to evaluate the injuries anatomically. Trauma assessment program and CRAMS employed conjointly can increase the sensitivity and specificity for the stratification of the severity in the injuried patients in order to get a successful triage and lo take advantage of the resources of e-mergency care appropriately.

A simple and sensitive method was developed for the detection of mercury ions with quartz crystal microbalance(QCM), based on the specific thymine(T)-Hg2+-T structure and gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles were prepared by the citrate reduction method. In a self-assembled way, the particle surface was modified with the probe oligonucleotides which were partially replaced by 6-Mercaptohexan-1-ol to reduce the steric hindrance of hybridization. The sensitivity was optimized by the oligonucleotide with a strand length of 9bp and a T number of 7. The linear range was 5.0-100 nmol/L with a detection limit of 2.0 nmol/L. And Ca2+, Mg2+ and other metal ions had no significant interferences. This method was successfully applied for the detection of Hg2+in environmental water samples, with RSD less than 2.9% and recoveries of 97.3%-101.2%.

Objective To observe the cerebral activation pattern in patients with cervical dystonia (CD) during finger movements and the changes caused by botulinum toxin injection by functional MRI.The possible etiological mechanism of CD and effect of peripheral botulinum toxin treatment on the level of central nerves system are investigated.Methods A designed functional MRI block with complex finger movements was applied and 11 patients with CD as well as 11 age and gender matched controls were scanned.Compare the activation pattern of CD pre/post treatment groups versus health controls.Evaluate and compare the symtom severity with Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS).Make a correlation analysis between activation pattern alteration and TWSTRS change in CD pre/post treatment groups.Results An reduced extent of activation in patients with CD was demonstrated compared to healthy controls in ipsilateral putamen,prefrontal cortex and contralateral somatosensory cortex to the direction of the head deviation,while an elevated extent of activation in ipsilateral precuneus and fusiform with statistic significance.At the time point of 4 weeks after botulinum toxin treatment patients showed no evident difference with healthy controls except for the decreased activation in contralateral precuneus to the direction of the head deviation.TWSTRS of patients with CD decreased from (20.02 ± 5.52) to (4.11 ± 4.34) with statistic significance (t =11.71,P =0.000) after botulinum toxin treatment.There was a positive correlation between cerebral activation pattern change in some cerebral areas (ipsilateral primary somatosensory cortex,premotor cortex,supplementary motor cortex,insula,fusiform,hippocampus with parahippocampa as well as contralateral middle temporal cortex and hippocampus with parahippocampa to the direction of the head deviation) and TWSTRS score decrease.Conclusions There are widespread abnormalities in cortical and subcortical activation pattern in patients with CD,which might due to dysfunction of sensory-motor integration.We speculate a basic pre-dystonic state is present in affected body parts prior to clinical symptoms appear.Botulinum toxin fulfills its subsequent central effect by reorganizing and normalizing the cerebral cortex in patients with CD.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application of prescription comment software in our hospital. METHODS:552 pre-scriptions were evaluated by pharmacist A,B and software,and the Kappa values were calculated to evaluate the reliability of the software. The results of comment by pharmacist B and by software were combined (serial test and parallel test),and then com-pared with the results of comment by pharmacist A. The sensitivity,specificity and Youden's index were calculated to evaluate the reliability of the software. The comment results of 552 prescriptions by pharmacist A for twice were compared to calculate Kappa value,and it was used to evaluate the comment consistency of pharmacist A. RESULTS:The pharmacist A,B comment results and software comment results showed poor consistency,and Kappa value were 0.020 2 and 0.002 0,with significant difference (P<0.001);pharmacist A comment results had strongest consistency with pharmacist B comment results,and Kappa value was 0.843 0,with no significant difference(0.1

Objective To determinate the heavy metal cadmium content in rice to ensure food safety.Methods Several brands and batch numbers of rice were collected and divided into groups A and B.Group A contained 24 pieces of rice from the canteens,and group B involved in 22 pieces from the farm product markets.Cadmium content in rice was detected quantitatively with X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,and then evaluated according to GB 2762-2012 which determined rice was not qualified in case cadmium content was more than 0.2 mg/kg.Results Group A had cadmium content between 0.00 and 0.477 mg/kg,the times of ultra standard being 2.385 and the disqualification rate being 29.2％ (7/24),and group B had cadmium content between 0.065 and 0.619 mg/kg,the times of ultra standard being 3.095 and the disqualification rate being 68.2％ (15/22).Excessive cadmium content in rice occurred in both canteens and markets,while the canteens was better than the markets.Conclusion X-ray fluorescence spectrometer detects cadmium content in rice rapidly and simply,and is worthy promoting in elementary facilities.

Objective:To explore the effect of post-pyloric feeding by spiral nasoenteric tubes on the prognosis of critically ill patients with acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) grade Ⅱ.Methods:A retrospective study was performed to analyze the clinical data of critically ill adult patients with AGI grade Ⅱ, who were enrolled in three randomized controlled trials conducted by Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital for post-pyloric tube placement between April 2012 and May 2019. Data including demographic characteristics, serological indicators of nutrition, the tube tip position confirmed by abdominal X-ray 24 h after tube insertion, and intensive care unit (ICU), 28-day and hospital mortality were collected. Patients were divided into the post-pyloric feeding group and gastric feeding group according to the tube tip position. Propensity score matching method was used to perform 1:1 matching, and the differences of each index between the two groups were compared after matching. Then the influencing factors of P<0.1 were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the potential ICU mortality risk factors of critically ill patients with AGI gradeⅡ. Factors with 0.1 level of significance from the univariate analysis were considered in the multivariate analysis. Results:There were 90 patients in post-pyloric feeding group and 90 patients in the gastric feeding group. Demographics and clinical characteristics of study population were well balanced between the two groups after matching. ICU, 28-day and hospital mortality in the post-pyloric feeding group were significantly lower than those in the gastric feeding group (4.4% vs 15.6%, 14.4% vs 27.8%, 6.7% vs 17.8%, all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that post-pyloric feeding was an independent protective factor [odds ratio ( OR)=0.295, 95% confidence internal (95% CI): 0.091-0.959, P=0.042] and APACHEⅡ score was an independent risk factor ( OR=1.111, 95% CI: 1.025-1.203, P=0.010) for ICU mortality of critically ill patients with AGI gradeⅡ. Conclusions:Post-pyloric feeding for critically ill patients with AGI grade Ⅱ could decrease ICU mortality and is an independent protective factor against mortality.

ObjectiveTo investigate the predisposing factors and pathogenic fungal species of Malassezia folliculitis in different geographical areas and body sites.MethodsTotally,241 patients diagnosed with Malassezia folliculitis were asked to complete a questionnaire.The content of hair follicles was obtained and subjected to fungal smear and culture examination.Fungal species were identified according to morphological,physiological and biochemical features.Results Of the 241 patients with Malassezia folliculitis,204 (84.65％) were positive for smear examination.A total of 259 specimens were collected from these patients,and fungal culture grew 213(82.24％) strains,of which,209 belonged to Malassezia species,4(1.54％) to Candida species.Among the 209 Malassezia strains,186 were activated and subjected to species identification which resulted in 6 species,including M.furfur (111 strains,59.68％ ),M.sloofiae (43 strains,23.12％ ),M.sympodialis (17 strains,9.14％),M.globosa (9 strains,4.84％),M.pachydermatis (4 strains,2.15％),and M.obtuse(2 strains,1.08％ ).Of the pathogenic fungi of Malassezia folliculitis,M.furfur predominated in the chest,back,abdomen,face and neck,M.sloofiae in the upper limbs,shoulders and vertex,M.globosa in the lower limbs.There were obvious differences in the distribution of pathogenic fungal species at different body sites in a same host,and M.furfur with M.sloofiae or M.sympodialis appeared to be the most common pathogens.ConclusionsIn this study,6 Malassezia species are identified in patients with Malassezia folliculitis in Nantong and Nanjing area,M.furfur and M.sloofiae appear to be the dominant pathogens.

Objective : To investigate the awareness of human papillomavirus ( HPV ) vaccine and willingness to vaccinate daughters among parents of primary and middle school students, so as to provide the reference for the promotion of HPV vaccine in primary and middle school girls. Methods : Using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the parents of girls in in Grade Four to Nine from schools in Gongshu District of Hangzhou, Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing and Wuxing District of Huzhou were selected. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic information, HPV vaccine related knowledge and willingness to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the willingness to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines among parents. Results : Totally 1 500 questionnaires were sent out, and 1 466 were effectively collected, with an effective rate of 97.73%. There were 313 fathers responded, accounting for 21.35%; and 1 153 mothers responded, accounting for 78.65%. The awareness rate of HPV vaccine was 16.81%. The rate of willing to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines was 49.86%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients who ever vaccinated daughters with self-paid vaccines ( OR=1.935, 95%CI: 1.473-2.541 ), knew cervical cancer ( OR=1.424, 95%CI: 1.065-1.904 ), knew HPV vaccine dose ( OR=1.672, 95%CI:1.216-2.301 ), knew the best vaccination period ( OR=1.392, 95%CI: 1.032-1.876 ), knew the need of cervical cancer screening even after vaccination ( OR=1.596, 95%CI:1.227-2.075) were more willing to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines, while the parents who thought HPV vaccine expensive ( OR=0.154, 95%CI: 0.099-0.240 ) were less willing to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines. Conclusions The rates of HPV vaccine awareness and willingness to vaccinate daughters are 16.81% and 49.86% among parents of primary and middle school students. Their knowledge of HPV vaccine and the price of the vaccine may affect their willingness to vaccinate daughters.

Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Nasal Septum ; injuries ; surgery ; Periosteum ; transplantation

OBJECTIVETo establish the differential templates of the skeletal profiles for Shanghainese with normal occlusion in early permanent dentition.

METHODS71 lateral cephalometric radiographs of subjects with normal occlusion in early permanent dentition, aged from 11 - 15 years (37 females and 34 males) were traced. 23 skeletal landmarks were identified on the tracings, which afterwards were scanned on the computer. An x-y coordinate system was established: the tracing superimposed on sella rotated 7 degrees down from the sella-nasion line as the x axis and the vertical line through sella perpendicular to the x axis as the y axis. A special length/depth ratio was designed. The length/depth ratio of each graph were calculated. Steiner analysis was applied to check the difference between genders.

RESULTSThere was no difference between genders. The tracings were divided into three categories: short face, normal face and long face according to the mean and standard deviation of the ratio. The three types of tracings were superimposed on the x axis with sella registered. Three templates were created.

CONCLUSIONSThe differences were apparent when the three templates were superimposed.

Adolescent ; Cephalometry ; methods ; Child ; Dental Occlusion ; Face ; anatomy & histology ; Facial Bones ; anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Male