AIM　To study the protective effects of trigonella foenum graecum(TFGs) on acute cerebral ischemia. METHODS　Acute incomplete ischemia was induced by ligaturing bilateral carotid arterise and cutting heads in mice, the survival time and asthmatic time were observed; the coagulation timewas measured by sheet glass method,and the blood viscosity was also assayed; the platelet aggregation induced by collagen were studied by turbdimetry in vitro. RESULTS　TFGs prolonged survival time, coagulation time and asthmatic time significantly and inhibited platelet aggregation ratio in rabbit,and decreased the blood viscosity. CONCLUSION　TFGs has the protective effects on acute cerebral ischemia.

S AIM To study the protective effects of trigonella foenum graecum(TFGs) on acute cerebral ischemia. METHODS Acute incomplete ischemia was induced by ligaturing bilateral carotid arterise and cutting heads in mice, the survival time and asthmatic time were observed; the coagulation time was measured by sheet glass method,and the blood viscosity was also assayed; the platelet aggregation induced by collagen were studied by turbdimetry in vitro . RESULTS TFGs prolonged survival time, coagulation time and asthmatic time significantly and inhibited platelet aggregation ratio in rabbit,and decreased the blood viscosity. CONCLUSION TFGs has the protective effects on acute cerebral ischemia.

Objective To establish a mouse model of lymph node metastasis of breast cancer cells by luciferase imaging assay,to monitor early process of lymph node metastasis,and to evaluate the effect of X-ray radiation therapy on tumor.Methods The mouse mammary cancer cell line 4T1-Luc expressing luciferase was inoculated subcutaneously into the paw pad of nude mice to establish a model of subcutaneous lymph node metastasis.The lymph node metastasis in nude mice was continuously observed by in vivo fluorescence imaging system,and the nude mice with early lymph node metastasis of breast cancer cells were divided into control group and treatment group randomly.The radiotherapy effect was observed by in vivo fluorescence imaging system and evaluated by the pathological changes of HE staining of tumor tissue.Results A mouse lymph node metastasis model of breast cancer cells was successfully established,and the volume of primary tumor in paw correlated with the fluorescence photon number positively (r =0.958,P ＜ 0.001).On the twenty-fourth day after inoculation,the fluorescence photon number in pad tumor and popliteal fossa tumor of treatment group were significantly decreased in comparison with the control group (t =32.58,P ＜ 0.05),and the inhibition ratio of radiotherapy on tumor growth approached to 85 ％.HE staining showed that the apoptosis and necrosis in irradiated tumor was obviously higher than that in control group.Conclusions Bioluminescence imaging technique can be used to evaluate the effect of X-ray on breast cancer suppression and lymph node metastasis in mice.

Objective To study the differences in intestinal flora of normal and type 2 diabetic mice, the effect of alcoholic extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt on mouse intestinal flora, and explore the possible relationship between alcoholic extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt, intestinal flora and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in mice.Methods Stool samples were collected from the normal control group (A), high dose (1.8 g/kg) (B) and moderate dose (1.2 g/kg) (C) alco-holic extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt model groups, metformin (0.2 g/kg) treatment group (D) and blank control (E) group.16S rDNA real-time quantitative PCR assay was used to determine the levels of Clostridium coccoides and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in the stool samples.Pearson analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between the levels of tar-get bacterial species and the fasting blood glucose ( FBG) in the mice.Results 1.Compared with the normal control group, the levels of Clostridium coccoides and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in the T2DM model group were significantly low-ered (P=0.017, P=0.002).2.Compared with the model group, the levels of Clostridium coccoides and Bacteroides the-taiotaomicron of the high dose Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt alcohol extract group were significantly different ( 2 weeks: P =0.027, P=0.006;4 weeks:P=0.007, P=0.012).3.The levels of Clostridium coccoides and Bacteroides thetaiotaomi-cron were positively correlated with the FBG level in the mice.Conclusions The alcohol extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt has certain effect on the intestinal flora in type 2 diabetic mice and there is certain correlation between the effect of alcohol extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt and their blood glucose level.

Objective:To compare the effects of invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets and labial fixed orthodontic appliances on periodontal status and root resorption in orthodontic patients.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 102 orthodontic patients who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2019 to October 2022. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into group A ( n=52) and group B ( n=50). Group A was treated with invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets, while group B was treated with labial fixed orthodontic appliances. We compared two groups of treatment completion time, root resorption, and periodontal health indicators before and after treatment, including plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and levels of inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1). Results:The completion time of treatment in the Group A was longer than that in the group B [(34.62±4.28)months vs (28.93±3.11)months] ( P<0.01). After treatment, the incidence of root resorption in the group A was 50.96%, while in the group B it was 78.00%. The group A was significantly lower than the group B ( P<0.05), with no root resorption greater than 3 mm in the group A and 0.50% in the group B. After treatment, the levels of PLI, GI, SBI, and IL-1β and sICAM-1 in gingival crevicular fluid increased in both groups, with the group A being lower than group B [(1.26±0.39)points vs (1.73±0.54)points, (1.33±0.25)points vs (2.06±0.46)points, (1.73±0.40)points vs (2.48±0.50)points, (173.74±25.81)ng/ml vs (196.33±31.52)ng/ml, (42.28±5.16)μg/L vs (56.59±7.38)μg/L] (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Although invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets cannot shorten the completion time of treatment, they have advantages in inhibiting root resorption, improving periodontal health, and reducing inflammatory reactions. Clinically, appropriate appliances can be selected based on the specific situation of patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and long-term prognosis of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with renal involvement as the initial manifestation, thus enhancing the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy.Methods:Twenty-four cases of pediatric ALL with renal involvement as the initial manifestation treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2013 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, and their clinical characteristics were analyzed.According to renal imaging examination findings, they were divided into abnormal group and normal group.The differences in clinical features between the two groups were compared, and the cumulative survival rate was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method.Results:Among 1 030 newly treated cases of pediatric ALL, 24 cases(2.33%) had renal involvement as the initial manifestation, involving 20 males and 4 females, with a male/female ratio of 5∶1 and the median age of 4.3 years (1.3-14.0 years). There were 16 cases of superficial lymph node enlargement and 21 cases of hepatosplenomegaly.Immature cells in peripheral blood were found in 15 cases.Nine cases were examined with abnormal renal imaging, involving 8 cases returned normal after chemotherapy, and 1 died of renal failure.At the end of follow-up on August 1, 2020, there were 9 cases of bone marrow relapse, 11 survival cases, 10 death cases and 3 cases of loss to follow-up.There were no significant differences in the sex, age, immunophenotype, organ infiltration and urinary protein between the two groups (all P>0.05). The proportion of high creatinine level and intramedullary recurrence rate in the abnormal group were significantly higher than those in the normal group [55.6%(5/9 cases) vs.0(0/15 cases), P=0.003; 66.7%(6/9 cases) vs.20.0%(3/15 cases), P=0.036]. The survival analysis indicated that the 3-year cumulative survival in the abnormal group was significantly lower than that of normal group (17.3% vs.72.7%, χ2=4.047, P< 0.05). Conclusions:For children with unexplained renal involvement as the initial manifestation, clinicians should consider the possibility of leukemic renal infiltration or nephrogenic lymphoma.Physical examinations of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes, morphological analysis of peripheral blood cells, bone marrow examination and renal biopsy are important to make a definite diagnosis in time.Children with imaging abnormalities caused by leukemic renal infiltration are more likely to relapse and have a lower survival rate, which may be a poor prognostic factor for ALL.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver and small-incision scissor in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.Methods:A total of 71 cases (142 sides) of patients with osmidrosis were treated. Among them, 38 cases (76 sides) were treated with subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver for the resection of apocrine sweat glands, and 33 cases (66 sides) were treated with small-incision scissor. The postoperative recovery was evaluated by Tung grading. The postoperative complications, efficacy, operative time and satisfaction rate were also included in the comparison evaluation.Results:The effective rate of the subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver group was 100% (75/75), which was significantly higher than that of the small-incision scissor group (89.39%, 59/66), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=8.479, P=0.004). Complications in subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver group(3.95%, 3/76) were significantly lower than that in small-incision scissor(25.76%, 17/66), χ2=39.699, P<0.001. The operative time of the endoscope group [(58.212±4.897) min] was slightly longer than that of small-incision scissor group [(54.079±6.096) min]. But the dressing time, stitches removal time and rehabilitation exercise time were significantly shorter than those of the small-incision scissor group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver group(97.37%, 74/76) was significantly higher than that of the small-incision scissor group(74.24%, 49/66), χ2=33.102, P<0.001. Conclusions:Subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver has more significant efficacy, less postoperative complications, faster recovery and higher satisfaction than small-incision scissor in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver and small-incision scissor in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.Methods:A total of 71 cases (142 sides) of patients with osmidrosis were treated. Among them, 38 cases (76 sides) were treated with subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver for the resection of apocrine sweat glands, and 33 cases (66 sides) were treated with small-incision scissor. The postoperative recovery was evaluated by Tung grading. The postoperative complications, efficacy, operative time and satisfaction rate were also included in the comparison evaluation.Results:The effective rate of the subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver group was 100% (75/75), which was significantly higher than that of the small-incision scissor group (89.39%, 59/66), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=8.479, P=0.004). Complications in subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver group(3.95%, 3/76) were significantly lower than that in small-incision scissor(25.76%, 17/66), χ2=39.699, P<0.001. The operative time of the endoscope group [(58.212±4.897) min] was slightly longer than that of small-incision scissor group [(54.079±6.096) min]. But the dressing time, stitches removal time and rehabilitation exercise time were significantly shorter than those of the small-incision scissor group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver group(97.37%, 74/76) was significantly higher than that of the small-incision scissor group(74.24%, 49/66), χ2=33.102, P<0.001. Conclusions:Subcutaneous endoscope assisted suction-curettage shaver has more significant efficacy, less postoperative complications, faster recovery and higher satisfaction than small-incision scissor in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.

Objective:To gain a deeper understanding of the cognitive differences between lactating women and obstetric nurses regarding their breastfeeding counselling abilities.Methods:This study was a descriptive phenomenology qualitative study. From October 2021 to June 2022, purposive sampling was used to select 11 lactating women who received breastfeeding counselling and 13 obstetric nurses who provided breastfeeding counselling services in Department of Obstetrics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital for semi-structured interviews. Giorgi analysis method was used to extract and analyze data.Results:The cognitive differences between lactating women and obstetric nurses regarding breastfeeding counselling abilities were mainly manifested in four aspects, namely breastfeeding knowledge and skills, counselling practice ability, improving counselling ability, and personality traits.Conclusions:Lactating women and obstetric nurses have cognitive differences in breastfeeding counselling abilities. Obstetric nurses should improve their breastfeeding counselling skills based on the needs of lactating women and provide personalized breastfeeding counselling services.

Objective To investigate the mechanism underlying the suppressive effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)on ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods ESCC cells infected with P.gingivalis and uninfected control cells were treated with ferroptosis inducer RSL3 followed by measurements of cell viability,malondialde-hyde(MDA),reactive oxygen species(ROS),and the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4).Moreover,the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)and its target genes were detected by qPT-PCR,Western blotting or immunohistochem-istry in ESCC tissue and cells under the condition of P.gingivalis infection.The effect of P.gingivalis infection combined with the HIF-1α inhibitors LW6 and RSL3 on ferroptosis in ESCC was detected in vitro and in vivo.Results P.gingivalis infection of the ESCC cells resulted in an increase of the cell viability(P＜0.05),decreased levels of intracellular ROS(P＜0.05)and MDA(P＜0.05)and increased the expression of GPX4 compared with RSL3 treatment alone.In ESCC tissues,the increased a-bundance of P.gingivalis was correlated with upregulation of HIF-1α.Furthermore,P.gingivalis infection induced upregula-tion of HIF-1α and its target genes.LW6 promoted ferroptosis via inhibiting the HIF-1α upregulation induced by P.gingivalis infection in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion HIF-1α renders resistance to ferroptosis in P.gingivalis infected ESCC.Combination of HIF-1α inhibitory agents and ferroptosis inducing agents might be a novel therapeutic strategy in ESCC care.