Objective To study clinical evaluation of xinqin granule combined with loratadine in treatment of allergic rhinitis and its effects on serum eosinophil(EOS),colony stimulating factor(CSF)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α.Methods 90 patients of allergic rhinitis who received therapy from January 2014 to November 2016 in our hospital were selected.According to random number table,those patients were divided into the observation group(n=45)and the control group(n=45).The control group was treated with loratadine,while the observation group was combined with xinqin granule.Then the serum EOS,CSF and TNF-α,symptom score,clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared.Results After treatment,the serum levels of EOS,CSF and TNF-αin the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05); the symptom score in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05); the total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group[93.33％(42/45)vs.73.33％(33/45)](P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion Xinqin granule combined with loratadine is well for allergic rhinitis,which can effectively reduce serum levels of EOS,CSF,TNF-α,relieve clinical symptoms,it's worthy of application and promotion.

Objective To investigate the possible regulating effect of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) towards matrix metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-9/TIMP-1) ratio in the process of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells.Methods HK-2 cells were cultured and stimulated with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1.Specific ILK-small interfering RNA (ILK-siRNA) was used to inhibit ILK expression.The characteristic epithelial marker (E-cadherin) and mesenchymal marker (α-SMA) of EMT were examined by Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) and Western blot.The expressions of ILK,MMP-9,and TIMP-1 were also examined,to determine the regulating effect of ILK towards MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio.Results In the HK-2 cells cultured with TGF-β1,the expression of E-cadherin decreased,and α-SMA expression increased;overexpression of ILK and an abnormal changing of MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were observed.ILK inhibition by ILK-siRNA could adjust MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio to near normal.Meanwhile,the overexpressed ILK and α-SMA were decreased.Conclusions Our data indicates that ILK-siRNA successfully inhibits ILK expression,which regulates the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio in HK-2 cells.The inhibition of ILK expression suppresses TGF-β1-induced EMT partially.

Objective To evaluate volume doubling time (VDT) and net mass doubling time of tumor (nMDT) of pulmonary pure ground glass nodules (PGGN) of different pathological types and to investigate whether VDT and nMDT can help to differentiate invasive pulmonary adenocarcinomas from minimally invasive adenocarcinomas and preinvasive lesions.Methods Fifty-one pathologically confirmed pGGNs in 46 patients were retrospectively evaluated,in whom at least two HRCT scans were obtained preoperatively (median scan times,3 times;range,2-6 times) with 1-month or longer follow-up interval (median follow-up interval,251 days;range,30-1 552 days).According to the rechecked results of the postoperative pathological section,51 pGGNs were divided into two groups:group A,invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC),30 pGGNs (58.8％);group B,21 pGGNs (41.2％),including 8 minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA),7 adenocarcinomas in situ (AIS) and 6 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH).The volume,cumulative percentage of volume growth and VDTs of pGGNs were automatically acquired by Lung VCAR (advantage windows 4.6,GE HealthCare).Subsequently,the mass,cumulative percentage of mass growth and nMDTs of pGGNs were calculated.The count data and measurement data between two groups were compared using Fisher exact probability and Mann-Whitney U test,respectively.A pairwise comparision were performed by using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Subsequently,the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of VDT and nMDT for the differential diagnosis of IAC and MIA/AIS/AAH,and calculated the area under the curve (AUC).Results The median VDT and nMDT of 51 pGGNs were 1 854.11 days (range,165.22—+∞ days) and 1 138.45 days (range,95.92—+ ∞ days),respectively.The median nMDT was shorter than the median VDT,and the difference was significant (Z=-2.444,P=-0.O15).The median VDTs of IAC and MIA/AIS/AAH were 847.07 days (165.22—+∞ days) and 4 460.09 days (691.14—+∞ days),respectively.The median nMDTs of IAC,MIA/AIS/AAH were 769.93 days (95.92—+∞ days) and 3814.77 days (611.56—+∞ days),respectively.The median VDT and nMDT of IAC were significantly shorter than those of MIA/AIS/AAH (Z=-3.443,-3.860,P＜ 0.01,respectively).Differentiating IAC from MIA/AIS/AAH,the optimal cutoff value of VDT was 2095.86 days (sensitivity,71.4％;specificity,80.0％),the optimal cutoff value of nMDT was 1 169.77 days (sensitivity,81.0％;specificity,76.7％).Conclusions In pulmonary pGGNs,IAC showed significantly shorter VDT and nMDT than MIA/AIS/AAH.When VDT is shorter than 2 095.86 days or nMDT is shorter than 1 169.77 days,IAC is suggested.

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia on the expression of Stat3 and p-Stat3 ,and assessed the apoptosis ability of JAR cells in vitro .Methods JAR cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions .Western blot were used to determine the protein expression of Stat3 and p-Stat3 .Cellular apoptosis was monitored by flow cytometry analysis .Results Abnormal morpholo-gy changes in trophoblast cells under low oxygen conditions .After 48 h hypoxic treatment ,the protein of Stat3 and p-Stat3 were significantly decreased(P< 0 .05) ;however ,the level of apoptosis was significantly increased (P < 0 .05) .Conclusion Stat3 and p-Stat3 protein levels were decreased under hypoxia circumstance ,while the cell apoptosis ability was increased in JAR cells .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the habitat processing method of Forsythiae Fructus based on the different indexes, and to choose the best habitat producing process.

METHODThe habitat producing process was researched by the L9(3(4)) orthogonal and the single factor test. The contents of phillyrin and forsythiaside A were determined by HPLC.

RESULTThe contents of phillyrin and forsythiaside A from Forsythiae Fructus processed by evaporating were 1.33-3.05, and 9.71-44.82 mg x g(-1), respectively. The contents of phillyrin and forsythiaside A from Forsythiae Fructus processed by cooking were 4.63-5.46 mg x g(-1), and 40.20-64.84 mg x g(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONWith phillyrin and forsythiaside A as evaluation indexes, cooking method is superior to evaporate method while it is superior to dry method. It is conductive to the preservation and stability of phillyrin and forsythiaside A that add 4 times water of material volum and boil 10 min.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ecosystem ; Forsythia ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; analysis ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; analysis ; chemistry

Objective To analyze the NBS-LRR disease resistance gene family of Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.)Nannf.and explore the disease resistance mechanism,so as to solve the problem of root rot disease of C.pilosula and promote the breeding and industrial development of C.pilosula.Methods Based on the transcriptome data of C.pilosula in response to root rot pathogen,gene structure,phylogeny,gene interaction and expression pattern of C.pilosula NBS-LRR family genes were analyzed by using bioinformatics methods.Results 88 NBS-LRR family genes were successfully identified.Including N,NL,CN,CNL,TN,TNL and PN,there are 50,14,1,14,4,3 and 2 genes respectively.Their physical and chemical properties,gene structure,phylogeny,gene interaction and expression pattern were analyzed.The results showed that CNL subfamily genes of C.pilosula were amplified during evolution;CNL and TNL gene structures ar-relatively conservative;Expression pattern analysis showed that there were differences in temporal expression patterns of C.pilosula NBS-LRR family genes under F.oxysporum infection.The highly expressed genes DN64786c1g6,DN64786c1g5,DN48234c0g2,DN54844c1g2,DN59747c0g3,DN56071c1g8,DN64591c1g1,DN48464c1g1,DN59886c0g1 play an important role in regulating the disease resistance of C.pilosula.The DN54844c1g2 may interact with GLR family,and then participate in immune regulation by regulating Ca2+ influx;DN64786c1g5 may interact with cytc-1 and cytc-2,and then participate in the response of C.pilosula to root rot by participating in redox reaction;DN59747c0g3 may interact with MPK3 and play an important role in the response of C.pilosula to root rot by participating in map signal cascade,phosphorylating WRKY transcription factor and participating in hypersensitivity reaction(HR).Conclusion The identification and expression analysis of NBS-LRR family genes of C.pilosula is of great significance to explore the mechanism of root rot resistance and gene function of C.pilosula..

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of poor anal function after laparoscopic intersphincteric resection(Lap-ISR)for extremely low rectal cancer,and to construct and verify a prediction model based on this model,in order to provide guidance for improving the anal function of patients with extremely low rectal cancer after Lap-ISR.Method A total of 127 patients with extremely low rectal cancer who underwent Lap-ISR in Taizhou People's Hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively selected.Patients were followed up for 12 months after surgery,and postoperative anal function was evaluated by the anal incontinence score(Wexner).According to Wexner score,the patients were divided into good anal function group(106 cases)and poor anal function group(21 cases).The clinical data of patients were collected and the risk factors affecting postoperative poor anal dysfunction were analyzed,and a Nomogram model was constructed to predict the risk of postoperative anal dysfunction in patients after Lap-ISR,and the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn.The area under the curve(AUC)was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of the prediction model for poor anal dysfunction after Lap-ISR.Result The incidence of anal dysfunction after Lap-ISR in patients with extremely low rectal cancer was 16.54％(21/127).Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in gender,age,body mass index,clinical stage,combined underlying diseases,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,anastomosis method,and the distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the dentate line between the two groups(P＞0.05).The proportion of tumor diameter≥5 cm,the proportion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,the distance between anastomosis and anal verge＜2 cm,and the proportion of anastomotic leakage in the anal dysfunction group were higher than those in the good anal function group(P＜0.05).Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that tumor diameter≥5 cm(OR=5.124),neoadjuvant chemotherapy(OR=5.761)and anastomotic leakage(OR=6.881)were risk factors for postoperative anal function(P＜0.05).Wexner score of patients with tumor diameter ≥5 cm was higher than that of patients with tumor diameter＜5 cm,Wexner score of patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was higher than that of patients without neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and Wexner score of patients with anastomotic leakage was higher than that of patients without anastomotic leakage(P＜0.05).Internal validation of Bootstrap method showed that the C-index was 0.785(95％CI:0.692-0.851).The results of ROC curve showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram model in predicting postoperative poor anal function of patients were 85.70％and 88.70％,respectively,and the AUC was 0.895(95％CI:0.795-0.984).Conclusion Tumor diameter,neoadjuvant chemotherapy and anastomotic leakage are risk factors for poor anal function after Lap-ISR in patients with extremely low rectal cancer.The nomogram risk prediction model based on the above risk factors has a good risk efficiency in evaluating the risk of postoperative anal dysfunction in patients.

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value and efficiency of using whole body bone scintigraphy (WBS) combined with the levels of tumor markers to evaluate non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with bone metastases. Methods: One-hundred and eighty-five cases of NSCLC, confirmed by pathology or cytological examination from January 2014 to June 2016, were emrolled from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. WBS and test results of tumor markers, such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), serum carbohydrate antigen (CA125), and cytokeratin CK19 (CYFRA21-1), were analyzed. WBS results were assessed by the Soloway classification criteria and divided into four grades: Correlations between WBS classification and the levels of tumor mark-ers were determined with Spearman correlation analyses. Results: Seventy-eight of the 185 NSCLC patients had bone metastases (a rate of 42.16%). The sensitivity and specificity of WBS were 91.02%(71/78) and 85.98%(92/107), respectively. The CEA, CA125, and CYFRA21-1 levels in bone metastases patients were higher than those in NSCLC patients without bone metastases (P＜0.05). In the 78 patients with bone metastases, there were seven cases of EOD0 (8.98%), 39 cases of EOD1 (50%), 17 cases of EOD2 (21.8%), and 15 cases of EOD3 (19.2%). The correlations between WBS grade and CEA, CA125, and CYFRA21-1 levels were: rs=0.579, 0.274, and 0.327, respectively (P＜0.05). The combined WBS and tumor marker diagnostic performance was significantly better than either alone (AUC=0.922), and their sensitivity and specificity increased (92.3%and 86.0%, respectively). Conclusions: WBS shows high clinical efficacy in the diagnosis of NSCLC with bone metastases. Furthermore, it can be used as a screening test for bone metastases of NSCLC, which has important clinical implications. WBS combined with CEA, CA125, and CYFRA21-1 examination improves the detection rate of NSCLC bone metastases, thereby enhancing its clinical utility.

PURPOSE: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activated by cancer cells has a central role in development and malignant biological behavior in colorectal cancer (CRC). Adult fibroblasts do not express Snail, but Snail-positive fibroblasts are discovered in the stroma of malignant CRC and reported to be the key role to chemoresistance. However, the reciprocal effect of CAFs expressed Snail to chemoresistance on CRC cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully characterized. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Snail-overexpressed 3T3 stable cell lines were generated by lipidosome and CT26 mixed with 3T3-Snail subcutaneous transplanted CRC models were established by subcutaneous injection. Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and western blotting assays were performed, and immunohistochemistry staining was studied. The cytokines participated in chemoresistance was validated with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and heatmap. RESULTS: Snail-expression fibroblasts are discovered in human and mouse spontaneous CRCs. Overexpression of Snail induces 3T3 fibroblasts transdifferentiation to CAFs. CT26 co-cultured with 3T3-Snail resisted the impairment from 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel in vitro. The subcutaneous transplanted tumor models included 3T3-Snail cells develop without restrictions even after treating with 5-fluorouracil or paclitaxel. Moreover, these chemoresistant processes may be mediated by CCL1 secreted by Snail-expression fibroblasts via transforming growth factor β/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: Taken together, Snail-expressing 3T3 fibroblasts display CAFs properties that support 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel chemoresistance in CRC via participation of CCL1 and suggest that inhibition of the Snail-expression fibroblasts in tumor may be a useful strategy to limit chemoresistance.
Adult ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Count ; Cell Line ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Cytokines ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Fibroblasts* ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Paclitaxel ; Snails ; Transforming Growth Factors

Objective:To investigate the expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK)/zinc finger transcription factor (Snail) signaling pathway in renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the effect of rhein.Methods:Healthy male Wistar rats of 8 weeks old were randomly divided into normal group, diabetic nephropathy group, rhein intervention group and valsartan intervention group, with 12 rats in each group. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce the diabetic nephropathy model, then rhein intervention group and valsartan intervention group were given rhein 100 mg/(kg·d) and valsartan 30 mg/(kg·d), respectively. At the end of the 8th and 16th week, six rats of each group were killed, in situ lavage kidney, take out the kidney tissue of rats after fixed in wax block and slices. Renal tubular interstitial damage index and the relative area of interstitial collagen evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining respectively. The protein expression of E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), ILK, Snail and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-2) in renal tubular epithelial cells were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:Comparing to normal group, the renal tubular interstitial damage index and relative area of renal interstitial collagen of diabetic nephropathy rats were both increased. The expression of E-cadherin in renal tubular epithelial cells decreased and the expression of α-SMA significantly increased ( P<0.05). Comparing with diabetic nephropathy group, in rhein and valsartan intervention groups, the expression of E-cadherin in renal tubular epithelial cells increased, while the expression of α-SMA significantly decreased ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the above indexes between rhein intervention group and valsartan intervention group ( P>0.05). Compared to normal group, the expressions of ILK, Snail, MMP-2 increased progressively with the disease ( P<0.05). Compared with diabetic nephropathy group, rhein and valsartan intervention groups showed significant decrease in expression of ILK, Snail, MMP-2 ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the above indexes between rhein intervention group and valsartan intervention group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Rhein could inhibit EMT progression by down-regulating the expression of ILK/Snail signaling pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells of DN rats.