The pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis involves inflammatory mediators reaction,and the pathogenesis of lung cancer is complex,involving multiple genes and molecules.The lung cancer has some relevance with pulmonary tuberculosis in terms of immune abnormalities,antituberculosis drugs,scar repair,chronic inflammation and tuberculin virulence.The treatment of tuberculosis patients with lung cancer is limited to chemotherapy,surgery and radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for determination of astragaloside IV and astragalus polysaccharides in Radix Astragali injection METHODS:Astragaloside Ⅳ was determined by HPLC and astragalus polysaccharides by iodometry RESULTS:The recoveries of astragaloside Ⅳ and astragalus polysaccharides were 97 51% RSD=2 48% and 99 18% (RSD=1 91%) respectively CONCLUSION:This method is accurate,sensitive and repeatable,and can be used for quality control of the preparation

Objective To discuss curative results of breast-conserving therapy for early primary breast cancer. Methods Fifty-two patients with stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ breast cancer(solitary tumor ≤ 3 cm in size) underwent local lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection from March 2000 to September 2005 in this hospital.After operation,the radiation therapy,chemotherapy,and endocrine therapy were given.Results The breast specimens were pathologically examined and no infiltrating margin was found.The rate of good cosmetic effects was 86.5%(45/52).Follow-up examinations in 50 cases for 10~36 months(median,16 months) found no local recurrence and distant metastasis.Conclusions The cosmetic and clinical results of breast-conserving surgery for stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ primary breast cancer are satisfactory.

Objective To study the difference between the metabolic syndrome(MS)diagnosis made with International Diabetes Federation(IDF)worldwide definition and the Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ (ATPⅢ)of National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP).Methods Cross-sectional study and descriptive study were used.Results There were 1328 MS patients diagnosed with IDF and 1527 MS patients diagnosed with ATPⅢ.There were 199 MS patients diagnosed with ATPⅢbut not with IDF and these MS patients all had 3-4 risk factors.According to the abnormality of glucose.blood pressure and lipid regulation stated in ATPⅢ criteria.759 more patients were diagnosed as MS than with IDF criteria.Conclusions MS diagnosed with ATP Ⅲ criteria iS more objective than with IDF criteria and ATPⅢ criteria has more space for further theoretical study.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes in the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin 1 (FP1) in the substantia nigra (SN) of rats with manganese-induced parkinsonism.

METHODSEighty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Rats in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with saline solution. Rats in the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups were injected intraperitoneally with 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg MnC12 solution, respectively, for 16 weeks. Three behavioral tests were performed at the 16th week. The concentration of Mn2+ in the SN was determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and the positive expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was measured by immunohistochemical staining to determine whether rats with manganese-induced parkinsonism were successfully produced. The expression of DMT1 and FP1 in SN was measured by immunohistochemical staining and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSRats with manganese-induced parkinsonism were successfully produced using the above method. Compared with that in the control group, the concentrations of Mn2+ in the SN of rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ were significantly higher (1.72?0.33 vs 0.56 ± 0.20 µg/g, P<0.01; 2.92±0.77 vs 0.56±0.20 µg/g, P<0.01; 5.65±1.60 vs 0.56±0.20 µg/g, P<0.01). The mean ODs of TH-positive cells in the SN of rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn+ were significantly lower than that in the control group (0.054±0.008 vs 0.109±0.019, P<0.01; 0.016±0.004 vs 0.109±0.019, P<0.01; 0.003±0.001 vs 0.109±0.019, P<0.01). Compared with that in the control group, the mean optical densities (ODs) of DMT1-positive cells in the SN of rats exposed to 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ were significantly higher (0.062±0.004 vs 0.015±0.007, P<0.01; 0.116±0.064 vs 0.015±0.007, P<0.01). The mean ODs of FP1-positive cells in the SN of rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ were significantly lower than that in the control group (0.092±0.011 vs 0.306±0.081, P<0.01; 0.048±0.008 vs 0.306±0.081, P<0.01; 0.008±0.002 vs 0.306±0.081, P< 0.01). Rats exposed to 15 and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ had significantly higher expression of DMT1 mRNA in the SN than those in the control group (0.052±0.0126 vs 0.001±0.0004, P<0.05; 0.124±0.0299 vs 0.001±0.0004, P<0.05). However, rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2 had significantly lower expression of FP1 mRNA in the SN than those in the control group (0.059±0.0076 vs 0.162±0.0463, P<0.05; 0.033±0.0094 vs 0.162±0.0463, P< 0.05; 0.002±0.0007 vs 0.162±0.0463, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe increased expression of DMT1 and reduced expression of FP1 may be involved in the processes of Mn2+ accumulation in the SN and dopaminergic neuron loss in rats with manganese-induced parkinsonism.

Animals ; Cation Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Manganese ; adverse effects ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substantia Nigra ; metabolism ; physiopathology

Objective To establish the method of determination for rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in Niuhuang Qinghuo Pills. Methods Sample was hydrolyzed by 20% H2 SO4 , and anthraquinones were extracted by soxhlet extraction with acetone as solvent, and were determined by HPLC with Kromasil C18 as column, methanol-0.5%H3 PO4 (75:25,V/V) as mobile phase at the flow of 1.0 mL/min, 230 nm as the detection wavelength.Results The linear relationship of rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion were 1.50-150, 0.950-95.0, 1.30-130 and 1.15-115 mg/L. The anthraquinones were seperated completely, the recovery of 4 anthraquinones were 98.14% -101.3%.Conclusion This method is simple, accurate, steady, and could be used for the quality control of Niuhuang Qinghuo Pills.

Objective To investigate effects of celecoxib on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), apoptotic protease activation factor-1 (Apaf-1) and function of mobility in rat model of severe craniocerebral trauma. Methods For?ty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided by random number table into four groups. Normal group was given no manipulation. Sham group was given scalp incision and sutured. The severe closed craniocerebral injury model was estab?lished via Foda method in rats of injury group. Treatment group was given intraperitoneal injection of celecoxib [ 250 mg/(kg·6 h)] on the basis of injury group. The intraperitoneal injection of same volume of normal saline was given in the other three groups. Samples were taken altogether after 72 hours. Changes of COX-2 and Apaf-1 were detected by immunohistochemis?try and Western blot assay. Ten days after the restoration, six rats were taken from each group for assessing neurological im?pairment scale (NSS). Results The expression levels of COX-2 and Apaf-1 were significantly higher in injury group than those of other groups. The expression levels of COX-2 and Apaf-1 were significantly lower in treatment group than those of injury group but the levels were significantly higher than those of sham group and normal group (P < 0.05). NSS scores showed that rats in treatment group improved mobility compared with that of injury group (P<0.05), but there was difference compared with Sham group and control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Celecoxib, with its specific inhibitoty effect on pro?tein COX-2, can effectively reduce inflammatory reactions lower the expression of Apaf-1 and reduce apoptosis of neurons, improving the prognosis of dysfunction of mobility after craniocerebral injury.

Objective To investigat the changes of hemodynamics and arterial blood gas during the establishment of ECMO model and provide an ideal platform for the study of the mechanism of DCD protection using ECMO, a porcine model of controlled donors of cardiac death (CDCD) with extracorporeal support was established in the paper. Methods Eight domestic crossbred pigs were anes-thetized, atracurium (1mg/kg) and heparin (150~200 U/kg) was administered and the ventilator was discontinued while the animal was under deep anesthesia to kill the animal.Meanwhile, blood was drained from the left jugular vein catheter into the ECMO circuit and re-turned into the left femoral artery to establish the porcine model of CDCD with extracorporeal support . The average blood press and arterial blood gas were ministered at normal, cardiac arrest and ECMO supporting 1 h, 3 h and 5 h. Results The model of CDCD with extra-corporeal support was established successfully.Two animals restored the beating of the heart and the high doses of potassium chloride were given untill cardiac arrest during extracorporeal support.Blood gases throughout the apneic time showed a severe hypoxemia and acidosis, pH and PaO2 reduced to 7.09 ±0.24 and 5.3 ±0.93mmHg respective-ly, which can be improved during extracorporeal support.MAP and PaO2 were maintained over 300mmHg and 65mmHg respectively. Conclusion A new porcine model of controlled donors of cardiacdeath with extracorporeal support has been successfully established and showed to be feasible for related pathophysiological research work.

Objective To investigate DNA double-strand breaks and radiosensitization in renal carcinoma 786-O cells induced by fludarabine (FA) combined with different ionizing radiations.Methods The 786-O cells were exposed to FA combined with X-ray or heavy ion beam irradiation.Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the percentage of γH2AX-positive cells and cell cycle.The neutral comet assay was used to detect DNA double-strand breaks.The colony-forming assay was used to evaluate the effects of different treatments on cell survival.Comparison between groups was made by one-way analysis of variance or Dunnet' s t test.Results Compared with FA alone or irradiation alone,FA combined with different ionizing radiations increased DNA double-strand breaks as shown by significantly increased levels of γH2AX (P=0.007,0.001);FA combined with heavy ion beam irradiation lead to a cell cycle block at the radiosensitive G2/M phase and significantly increased the expression of γH2AX in the G2/M phase (P=0.000,0.000);the neutral comet assay revealed that FA combined with irradiation significantly increased DNA sublethal damage (P=0.020,0.060);FA significantly reduced the colony-forming rate after irradiation (P=0.000,0.030;0.001,0.040).Conclusions FA enhances the effects induced by X-ray and heavy ion beam irradiation with different properties.Particularly,FA substantially enhances the cell death induced by heavy ion beam irradiation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment of patients with alcohol dependence,anxiety and depression,and sleep problems.Methods 80 patients with alcohol-dependent patients were randomly divided into experimental group (40 cases) and control group (40 cases).All patients received routine treatment and care,the experimental group received additional rTMS to stimulate parts of the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal region (DLPFC) 2 brain regions,each side 15 minutes at frequency of 1Hz,patient motion stimulus,intensity threshold (MT) of 80％,five times a week rTMS treatment,a total of 8 weeks,the control group received stimulation coil.Subjects were interviewed,as the time for the baseline,2 weeks,4 weeks and 8 weeks,assessment tools for the hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA),Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD),Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI).Results Compared with the pre-treatment,HAMA scores (19.5 ± 6.4,13.8± 5.3,7.3± 5.4 respectively) were significantly lower in 2,4,8 weeks after treatment (t 2 =11.29,P＜0.01;t 4=15.26,P＜0.01;t s =9.40,P＜0.01).Compared with the control group,HAMA scores were significantly lower in the experimental group after treatment (P＜0.01).Compared with the pretreatment group HAMD scores(17.5±6.6,11.2±4.9,6.1±5.2 respectively)were significantly lower in 2,4,8 weeks after treatment (t 2 =15.54,P＜0.01;t 4 =16.68,P＜0.01;t s =18.77,P＜0.01).Compared with the control group,HAMD scores were significantly lower in the experimental group after treatment (P＜0.01).Compared with the control group,PSQI scores were significantly lower in the experimental group in 2,4,8 weeks after treatment (t 2 =26.39,P＜0.01;t4=15.21,P＜0.01;ts=46.35,P＜0.01).Condusion Low-frequency rTMS treatment for alcohol dependence withdrawal symptoms can improve symptoms,such as anxiety and depression,sleep status.