[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between food allergen specific IgE, IgG and allergic rhinitis, and to explore the significance of food allergen in the diagnosis and prevention of allergic rhinitis.METHODSTen kinds of food specific IgE were detected by Western blot and 14 kinds of food specific IgG were detected by ELISA in 2860 allergic rhinitis patients. The positive results of specific IgE and specific IgG were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTSThere was no difference in positive rate of allergen in patients with different gender. Total positive rate of food specific IgE was 68.5%. The specific IgE positive rate of crab was 31.5%, shrimp 27.6%, milk 21.3%, fish assemblages 19.2%, freshwater fish assemblages 18.3% and soybean 17.2%. With the growth of age, the specific IgE positive rate of peanut increased, but eggs decreased. The total positive rate of food allergen specific IgG was 81.5%. The specific IgG positive rate of egg was 59.4%, milk 38.2%, codfish 32.6%, soybean 22.8%, rice 19% and shrimp 12.7%. With the growth of age, the specific IgG positive rate of crab increased. Specific IgE and IgG of soybean, milk, crab, shrimp and fish were correlated well.CONCLUSIONThe detection of specific food allergen antibodies is helpful for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.

BACKGROUND:A lot of work has been carried out on the development of the primary cultured rat myocardial cel s at home and abroad. The primary culture technology of rat myocardial cel s becomes more mature, but myocardial cel s from neonatal mice are not easy to be obtained under the same experimental conditions. The mouse genome has more similarities with the human genome, which has a higher research value. OBJECTIVE:To improve the primary culture method of neonatal mouse myocardial cel s, and to obtain myocardial cel s with high purity, vitality and original structure and function. METHODS:The mouse cardiac tissues were treated using an enzyme digestion method to isolate isolated single myocardial cel s:first, the cardiac tissues were digested using trypsin, and then col agenous fibers were treated with col agenase to isolate single myocardial cel s. The concentration and action time of trypsin and type II col agenase were adjusted, and the pH values of reagents and temperature of each step were strictly control ed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 24 hours after inoculation, the myocardial cel s began to be adherent;at 48 hours, independent pulsation of myocardial cel s could be observed;at 72 hours, myocardial cel s were cross-linked;and at 96 hours, myocardial cel s formed cel clusters and presented with consistent beating. The survival rate and purity of myocardial cel s were both over 95%. This modified method could successful y culture myocardial cel s with high purity and viablility from neonatal mice, and the structure and function of myocardial cel s could be retained. Therefore, it is a feasible culture method.

Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital has scored an initial success in dealing with medical disputes since the medical liability insurance and third-party mediation mechanism were introduced into the hospital in 2013.The paper identified problems found in the practice,and recommended the following:rationalizing the cost of insurance coverage,expanding scope of third-party mediation properly,enhancing professional authority in assessment of medical dispute cases,simplifying insurance compensation procedure,and consolidating the legal status of the medical dispute mediation institutions,for better resolution of such disputes.

Objective To investigate the alteration of M1/M2 polarization of monocyte-macrophages from the peripheral blood of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis,and the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 on the polarization of human THP-1 cells.Methods Whole blood and serum samples were collected from 14 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 10 healthy controls.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated from whole blood with heparin sodium using lymphocyte fluid.The mRNA levels of HLA-DR,CD11C,CD68,CD206 and Arg-1 in PBMCs from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.The secretion of cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-4,etc.)was detected by flow cytometry.Human THP-1 cells were induced by phorbol ester(PMA)to differentiate into macrophages-like cells,which were divided into M0 group,M1 group,M2 group,and M0+ESAT6 group.After 24 hours of stimulation,the mRNA levels of HLA-DR,CD11C,CD68,CD206 and Arg-1 were detected by real-time PCR.Following stimulation with ESAT6 for 6 h,12 h and 24 h,the levels of cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-4,etc.)in cell culture supernatant from THP-1 cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the mRNA expression levels of M1-polarized phenotypic molecules HLA-DR,CD11C and CD68 in PBMCs of the active pulmonary tuberculosis group were up-regulated(P<0.05).The mRNA expression level of M2-polar-ized phenotype molecule CD206 was decreased(P<0.05),while the expression level of Arg-1 mRNA was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Serum levels of M1-related proinflammatory cytokines IL-2,IL-6,IFN-γ and TNF-α were increased in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis(all P<0.05),whereas decreased level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4(P<0.05)were found in serum samples from patients with active pulmonary tuber-culosis.THP-1 macrophages were induced to differentiate into different phenotypes in vitro,and the HLA-DR mRNA expression level of cell M1 polarization phenotype molecule was statistically significant among all groups(F=21.83,P=0.000).Pairwise comparison results showed that expressions of HLA-DR mRNA in M1 group and M0+ESAT6 group were significantly upregulated compared with M0 group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the other groups(P>0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the expression of CD68 mRNA among all groups(F=2.480,P=0.135).There was no significant difference of mRNA expressions of CD206 and Arg-1 among all groups(F=1.233,P=0.3597;F=6.059,P=0.068).There were no significant differences between the M1-related pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 at different time points of cell culture(P>0.05).Compared with the M0 and ESAT6 phenotypes,the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in the M1 phenotype group were significantly increased at 12 h and 24 h(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.001,P<0.001;P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01);but there was no significant difference between the other groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The ability of peripheral blood monocyte-macrophages to polarize to M1 is enhanced,while the ability to polarize to M2 is weakened in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 can promote the polarization of macrophages to M1,which affects the activity and progression of tuberculosis.

Background::Liver cancer is largely resistant to chemotherapy. This study aimed to identify the effective chemotherapeutics for β-catenin-activated liver cancer which is caused by gain-of-function mutation of catenin beta 1 ( CTNNB1), the most frequently altered proto-oncogene in hepatic neoplasms. Methods::Constitutive β-catenin-activated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were established by deleting exon 3 ( β-cateninΔ(ex3)/+ ), the most common mutation site in CTNNB1 gene. A screening of 12 widely used chemotherapy drugs was conducted for the ones that selectively inhibited β-cateninΔ(ex3)/+ but not for wild-type MEFs. Untargeted metabolomics was carried out to examine the alterations of metabolites in nucleotide synthesis. The efficacy and selectivity of methotrexate (MTX) on β-catenin-activated human liver cancer cells were determined in vitro. Immuno-deficient nude mice subcutaneously inoculated with β-catenin wild-type or mutant liver cancer cells and hepatitis B virus ( HBV); β-cateninlox(ex3)/+ mice were used, respectively, to evaluate the efficacy of MTX in the treatment of β-catenin mutant liver cancer. Results::MTX was identified and validated as a preferential agent against the proliferation and tumor formation of β-catenin-activated cells. Boosted nucleotide synthesis was the major metabolic aberration in β-catenin-active cells, and this alteration was also the target of MTX. Moreover, MTX abrogated hepatocarcinogenesis of HBV; β-cateninlox(ex3)/+ mice, which stimulated concurrent Ctnnb1-activated mutation and HBV infection in liver cancer. Conclusion::MTX is a promising chemotherapeutic agent for β-catenin hyperactive liver cancer. Since repurposing MTX has the advantages of lower risk, shorter timelines, and less investment in drug discovery and development, a clinical trial is warranted to test its efficacy in the treatment of β-catenin mutant liver cancer.