Objectives:To observe the role of nutritional support in patients after liver transplantation. Methods:Nutritional support was used in three patients after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT).Total parenteral nutrition(TPN) was administered since the second day after the operation,the combination of enteral nutrition(EN) and parenteral nutrition(PN) was followed and then total enteral nutrition(TEN) was adopted.After that,oral intake of food was restored. Results:Postoperative patients were restored well. Conclusions:The supply of nutrition for patients after liver transplantation should be TPN→PN+EN→TEN,and then gradually increased.Once the gastroenteric functions of patients recover it is advisable to start EN as soon as possible.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of intestinal infection in patients with acute leukemia (AL) after chemotherapy. Methods The data of 103 cases of AL patients after chemotherapy from January 2014 to April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and categorical variables were compared by using chi-square test. Results A total of 364 cycles of chemotherapy was conducted among 103 patients, of which 66 times (18.13 %) in 59 cycles occurred intestinal infections, including twice intestinal infections in one cycle of chemotherapy in 7 cases. The incidence of intestinal infection was 27.48%(36/131) in group without complete remission (CR), and 9.87%(23/233) in CR group. There was a statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Repeated intestinal infections were found in 46.67%of the patients who accepted multiple cycles of chemotherapy. In the same cycle of chemotherapy, the probability of recurrence of intestinal infection after chemotherapy was 3.7 times than patients without intestinal infection occurred during chemotherapy. The incidence of intestinal infection of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after primary inducing chemotherapy was higher than that of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (P= 0.019). The incidence of intestinal infection combined with neutropenic was 9.89 % (36/364), and the incidence of intestinal infection was 8.24 % (30/364) in neutrophils > 0.5 × 109/L. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05). After chemotherapy, some patients with intestinal infection occurred acute abdomen, with high mortality rate. Conclusions Intestinal infection may occur in the procession of chemotherapy and myelosuppression. Special attention should be paid on intestinal infection, including reduction of blood stream infection and risk factors, as well as timely intervention.

Objective To discuss the teaching effects of PBL teaching approach applied in clinical practice of medical oncology.Methods Throush clinical practice of medical onclolgy with the PBL teaching approach and the traditional one.A contrast between two teaching modes was made.And the teaching results were investigated based on the questionaic.Results The PBL teaching approach is superior to the traditional one.Conclusion The PBL teaching approach has an obvious advantage in the teaching of clinical practice of medical oncology and can improve the teaching quality

Temporins are a kind of small,hydrophobic and C-terminus amidated antimicrobial peptides from Rana species.They are effective against bacteria,fungi,yeast,protozoa and viruses.Two novel temporins named as temporin-La(LLRHWKILEKYLanifc) and temporin-Lb(LFRHVVKIFEK.Ylamid.) were cloned from Lithobates catesbeianus.Synthetic peptides of temporin-La and temporin-Lb showed strong antimicrobial activities against bacteria tested,especially Gram-positive bacteria.Besides,temporin-La showed no haemolytic activity to rabbit erythrocytes at the concentration of 250 mg/L while temporin-Lb showed weak haemolytic activity(LC50≈ 230 μmol/L).Transmission electron microscopy showed that temporin-La and temporin-Lb induced different effects on bacterial structure of Staphylococcus aureus.

Multiple sclerosis is a severe autoimmune inflammatory disease mainly involving the central nervous system. In recent years, the exploration of the mechanism of nerve injury in multiple sclerosis has made great progress. At the same time, disease-modifying therapeutic drugs with different targets are also emerging. Understanding of the mechanisms of nerve injury in multiple sclerosis can help clinicians comprehensively understand the evolution of disease-modifying therapeutic targets of this disorder. Here, the mechanisms of nerve injury in multiple sclerosis and the relationship with the evolution of disease-modifying therapeutic targets are reviewed.

Humans ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Myocardium