A measurement system based on the image processing technology and developed by LabVIEW was designed to quickly obtain the range of motion (ROM) of spine. NI-Vision module was used to pre-process the original images and calculate the angles of marked needles in order to get ROM data. Six human cadaveric thoracic spine segments T7-T10 were selected to carry out 6 kinds of loads, including left/right lateral bending, flexion, extension, cis/counterclockwise torsion. The system was used to measure the ROM of segment T8-T9 under the loads from 1 Nm to 5 Nm. The experimental results showed that the system is able to measure the ROM of the spine accurately and quickly, which provides a simple and reliable tool for spine biomechanics investigators.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spine ; physiology

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution characteristics of persisters isolated from the chronic infected pa-tients,so as to provide scientific basis for effective clinical measures to prevent,control and treat persister-associated chronic infection.Methods Clinical microbial samples cultured from Jan.2013 to Dec.2014 were analysed by WHONET5.6.Four bacteria species with the highest isolation rate were performed for screening of chronic infection.Concentration of bacteria were detected by viable plate count method and then the growth curve were drew of each sample under the presence of anti-biotics.Persisters were comfirmed according to the specific growth curve under the presence of antibiotics.Results Four highest isolated bacteria species of the clinical samples were Escherichia coli (1 3.2%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.6%), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (8%)and Staphylococcusaureus (6.6%).862 chronic infection samples were generated out of 14 216 microbial samples and 41 persisters (4 strains of Escherichia coli,23 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae,8 strains of Pseudomonasaeruginosa and 6 strains of Staphylococcusaureus)were isolated finally.Conclusion With such a comprehen-sively retrospective analysis of the hospital clinical microbial samples,can tell that the ratio of persisters in chronic infection was not high.And chronic infections are mostly caused by gene-mutated drug-resistant bacteria.However,the isolation rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was relatively high,of which more attention should be payed to the prevention and control.

This study observed the disposition of beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2-AR) Arg16Gly genotype and allele frequency among Sanda athletes in China, and investigated the diversity about the single nucleotide polymorphism of beta2-AR Arg16Gly between Sanda athletes and normal people of Han nationality in China. We used the technique of allele specified primer polymerase chain reaction to detect ADRB2 gene polymorphism of Sanda athletes (61 subjects) and normal Han nation people (50 subjects). The results showed there were significant differences about AA genotype, A allele, and G allele between Sanda athletes group and normal Han nation group (AA: chi2 = 6.646, P = 0.01, P < 0.05; A: chi2 = 4.003, P = 0.045, P < 0.05; G: chi2 = 4.003, P = 0.045, P < 0.05), and the frequency of AA genotype and A allele in the group of normal Han nation was higher than that in the group of Sanda athletes.
Athletes ; China ; ethnology ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective To obtain the pneumococcal autolysin(LytA)and choline binding protein A(CbpA)by prokaryotic expression system and investigate their diagnosis for infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.Methods The specific primers were designed according to lytA and cbpA of Streptococcus pneumoniae gene sequence.lytA and cbpA were amplified by PCR form the pneumococcus genome.After IPTG inducing,the recombinant proteins were purified by electroeluting of bag filter,detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.Serum lgG and IgM antibodies accordingly of BALB/c mice infected with Streptococcus pneurnoniae were detected by ELISA.Results The recombinant plasmid pET-32a(+)/lytA and pET-32a (+)/cbpA were constructed successfully.Fusion proteins LytA and CbpA were expressed and displayed expected antigenicity.IgM and IgG antibodies level anti LytA were significantly higher than the control group (infections with B Streptococcus group and healthy mice),(P<0.05),but antibodies level anti CbpA did not increase as compared with group infected with B Streptococcus(P>0.05).Diagnostic sensitivity of CbpA was 83.3%(IgG)and 75.0%(IgM).Diagnostic specificity of LytA was 100%(IgG and IgM).Conclusion The synergistic use of specificity of LytA and sensitivity of CbpA may be worthy of serological diagnosis for Streptococcus pneumoniae infection,and may be used for further clinical test.

4. 0 Log was precede 5 DBS samples whose plasma VL

Objective To investigate the characteristics of persisters isolated from the chronic infected patients and clarify the relationship between the infection time and persistence as well as antibiotic drugs,so as to provide scientific basis for clinical effective measures to prevent,control and treatment of persister-associated chronic infection.Methods The tolerant ability of the 41 persisters (4 strains of Escherichiacoli,23 strains of Klebsiellapneumoniae,8 strains of Pseudomonasaeruginosa and 6 strains of Staphylococcusaureus)under differet kind and concentration of antibiotics and nutritional deficiencies cindi-tions were detected.In addition,analysis of the homologous strains isolated from the same patients with different infection time was performed.Results The study found that with the increase of concentration of antibiotics,the proportion of persis-ters would gradually decrease.The tolerance ability of the same persister strain to different antibiotics was dissimilar,and different species persisters also had various tolerance ability to the same kind of antibiotics.Persisters were more able to withstand the lack of nutrition.What’s more,there is no significant difference between the resistant ability of the homolo-gous strains isolated from the same patients with different infection time (P>0.05).Conclusion Persisters have different a-bility to stand the kill of different kinds and concentration of antibiotics and they can even be completely removed when ex-posed to sufficiently high concentrations of antibiotic.

Objective To test the expression level of IL-37 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)and further explore its clinical significance in the pathological process of PBC.Methods Pe-ripheral blood samples were collected from 42 patients diagnosed as PBC and 38 health individuals examined at the same time during June 2013 to August 2015 in Changhai Hospital.PBMCs were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, qualified Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)was used to measure IL-37 mRNA expression level in PBMCs. Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA)was to measure the protein level of IL-37,IL-6,IL-17,TNF-α,TGF-β,IL-18 and IL-23 in plasma.Meanwhile,the pathological stages of PBC cases were recorded.Pearson correlation analysis was performed on IL-37 and IL-6,TNF-α,IL-17,TGF-β,IL-18 and IL-23.Spearman rank correlation analysis was on IL-37 and pathological stages of PBC.Results The mRNA and protein level of IL-37 in experimental and controlled group were 2.81 ±0.94 vs 1.09±0.56,356.14±169.36 pg/ml vs 86.68±48.23 pg/ml separately(t=9.811,9.462,P<0.000 1),with sta-tistical differences.The correlation analysis showed that IL-37 was positively related with IL-17,TNF-α,IL-6 and TGF-β(r=0.561 2,0.661 9,0.672 1,0.765 3,P<0.001),and disease stages (Ⅰ~Ⅳ)(rs=0.348 9,P<0.05).Conclusion IL-37 might involve in the pathological process of PBC,and it is significant for disease prediction and diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the antioxidant activity of the different polar parts from Dictamnus dasycarpus and its ef-fects on tyrosinase activity. METHODS:Extract was extracted by 95% ethanol from D. dasycarpus,using petroleum ether,chloro-form,ethyl acetate to obtain different polar parts after dissolved in water. 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) method was used to investigate its antioxidant activity [expressed as half inhibitory concentration (IC50)],and tyrosinase method was used to investigate the related activity in different polar parts. RESULTS:The IC50 of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate parts for scavenging DPPH free radicals were 0.875,0.824,0.407 mg/mL,respectively. When the mass concentration of each polar part were 25.0,50.0,100,200,300,400,500 μg/mL,the inhibition rate of petroleum ether part to tyrosinase were -3.18%,-4.98%,0.160%,0.044%,2.31%,3.89%,4.29%;that of trichloromethane part were -33.39%,-31.48%,-10.14%,-5.42%,-9.70%,-4.06%,-0.42%;and that of ethyl acetate part were -17.63%,-17.89%,-18.42%,-21.84%,-20.26%,-22.13%,-32.36%. CONCLUSIONS:The capacity in scavenging DPPH free radicals in ethyl acetate part is obvi-ously stronger than the other 2 parts,showing positive correlation with the concentration. Ethyl acetate and chloroform chave an ac-tivation effect on tyrosinase,the activation effect of chloroform part on tyrosinase was negatively correlated with the concentration and petroleum ether part has a two-way regulatory effect on the activity of tyrosinase.

It is important to design and build a kinetic loading system for flexing movement of knee joint to study knee biomechanics. The system reported here includes driving device, control device, and flexion angle determination imaging system. The driving device was constructed with a stepper motor and a mechanical transmission with a serried of clamps, shanks and so on, and the driving device was controlled by the control device with micro-control unit, a computer and the serial 232. While the knee joint was driven to move by the stepper motor, the flexion angle of the knee was determined using imaging-based techniques. The system achieved accurate loading and control of speed, extent and duration of knee flexion, as well as fast and non-contract determination of flexion angle during knee flexing movement. The system is simple to build, easy to operate, highly accurate and reliable and it provides an important tool for the study of knee biomechanics, and potentially provides a tool for helping patients of knee surgery during their post operation recovery training.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Microcomputers ; Orthotic Devices ; Range of Motion, Articular ; physiology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Weight-Bearing ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemiological characteristics of head injuries in children.

METHODSData was derived from the Chinese National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) in 2014. Method on descriptive analysis was applied to depict general information, injuries events and clinical characteristics of head injuries among children under 18 years of age.

RESULTSA total number of 47 690 cases with child head injuries in 2014 were collected, including 32 542 males and 15 148 females. 43.47% of them were under 1-4 years of age. In October, 06:00 PM appeared the peak time for the injuries to happen. The three leading causes responsible for child head injuries were falls (69.57%), hit by blunt force (14.23%) or road traffic (11.01%). Main locations responsible for the head injuries to happen were:at home (44.98%), at public places (19.65%) or on roads/streets (15.81%). Recreation activates (77.88%), driving (7.32%), sports (5.72%) were the three major activities causing the injuries to take place. Majority of the cases happened unintentionally (95.35%), with bruise (71.69%) or mild injuries (85.27%) and went back home after treatment (90.25%).

CONCLUSIONSIn 2014, child head injuries were seen more in males than in females and mostly occured at home. The leading causes for head injuries would include falls, hit by blunt stuff or road traffic .

Accidental Falls ; statistics & numerical data ; Accidents, Traffic ; statistics & numerical data ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; statistics & numerical data ; Automobile Driving ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; epidemiology ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Population Surveillance ; Recreation ; Sports ; Transportation ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology