Objective To describe the effect of four-handed technique on the prevention of cross infection in department of stomatology. Methods Patients (300 cases) in department of stomatology were collected and randomized into the observation group (using four-handed technique) and the control group (not using four-handed technique) with 150 cases in each group from May 2003 to October 2004. One patient was served by one doctor and one nurse in the treatment process. Sterilization isolation system was strictly implemented in order to prevent cross infection. The control group received routine treatment. The incidence rate of infection was compared in the two groups. Results Ten patients (6.7%) were infected in the control group. Only 3 patients (2.0%) were infected in the observation group, which was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Four-handed technique played an important role in the prevention of cross infection by blocking the iatrogenic infection propagation.

Objective To evaluate the ability of high resolution pleuropulmonary ultrasonography and bedside chest X-ray in identifying different pathologic abnormalities in patients with dyspnea,using thoracic computed tomography (CT) as a gold standard.Methods Bedside pleuropulmonary ultrasonography was performed in 350 dyspneic patients in the emergency department and ICU,111 patients were enrolled in the study with pleuropulmonary ultrasonography,chest X-ray and chest CT examination performed within 24 hours.Pathologic entities were evaluated:pleural effusion,consolidation,atelectasis,pneumothorax,pulmonary interstitial fibrosis,and pulmonary edema.The sensitivity,specificity,negative and positive prediction value of pleuropulmonary ultrasonography and chest X-ray were compared with the corresponding CT scan results.Results Pleuropulmonary ultrasonography was highly concordant with chest X-ray.Overall ultrasonography exhibited higher sensitivity than chest X-ray and CT for pleural effusion.For atelectasis and pulmonary edema,the sensitivity of ultrasonography was up to 100%.In the diagnosis of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis,the sensitivity of pleuropulmonary ultrasonography was higher than that of chest X-ray,but the specificity was slightly lower.The sensitivity of pleuropulmonary ultrasonography was slightly higher than that of chest X-ray in pneumothorax,and the specificity was coincident with chest X-ray.Although the sensitivity of ultrasonography was slightly lower for consolidation,it was still higher than chest X-ray.The ability of chest X-ray for differentiating pleural effusion from atelectasis or consolidation was worse than that of ultrasonography.Conclusions Our study demonstrates a high concordance between ultrasonography with radiography.The diagnostic performance of bedside pleuropulmonary ultrasonography is better than that of chest X-ray.

Objective To explore the application value of virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ) technique in differentiating small solid thyroid nodules.Methods The patients with suspiciously malignant thyroid nodules(solitary,size range 5-15 mm),homogeneous and normal color Doppler flow imaging in the rest of thyroid parenchyma,were enrolled in this study.Five repeated measurements were performed on both nodules and extra-nodular tissues using VTQ.A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drew according to shear wave velocity(Vs).Results 62 patients with a total of 67 lesions were included in this study,turned out to be 39 malignant and 28 benign.The Vs of malignant group nodules,malignant group extra-nodular tissues,benign group nodules and benign group extra-nodular tissues were (3.91 ±1.85) m/s,(2.03 ± 0.42)m/s,(2.29 ± 0.56)m/s,(1.84 ± 0.45)m/s,respectively.The Vs difference between malignant and benign nodules was statistically significant (P =0.000),while the Vs difference between malignant and benign extra-nodular tissues had no statistical significance (P =0.07).The best cutoff Vs value for distinguishing malignant from benign nodules was 2.78 m/s,with the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 76.9％,78.6％ and 80.6％ respectively.The area under ROC curve was 0.84.Conclusions VTQ could evaluate the elasticity of thyroid nodules,and was helpful in the diagnostic work-up of thyroid nodules.

Objective To investigate the expression of arginase Ⅰ(ARG1)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and to analyze its correlation with clinicopathological features.Methods The expression of ARG1 at protein level in 167 samples of HCC and corresponding adjacent liver tissue was detected with high-throughput tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemistry.The correlation between ARG1 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed with x2 test and Spearman rank correlation analysis.The expression of ARG1 at mRNA level in 68 samples of HCC and corresponding adjacent liver tissue was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR).Results The expression of ARG1 at protein level in HCC(3.540±3.702)was significantly lower than that of the corresponding adjacent liver tissues(10.290 ± 2.303)(t=-22.421,P=0.000).The ARG1 expression was correlated with differentiation degree of HCC,histological grade,vascular invasion,preoperative level of α-fetoprotein(AFP)and recurrence after operation(all P＜0.05).The ARG1 expression at mRNA level in 68 HCC tissue[0.0997(0.213)]was lower than that of the corresponding adjacent liver tissues[0.563(0.459)],and the difference was statistical significant(u=-6.544,P=0.000).Conclusion Low expression of ARG1 in HCC may take part inHCC genesis and development.Detecting the expression of ARG1 may be helpful in HCC diagnosis,differentiation degree and prognosis assessment.

It remains a great challenge to achieve sufficient cancer classification accuracy with theentire set of genes, due to the high dimensions, small sample size, and big noise of gene expressiondata. We thus proposed a hybrid gene selection method, Information Gain-Support Vector Machine(IG-SVM) in this study. IG was initially employed to filter irrelevant and redundant genes. Then,further removal of redundant genes was performed using SVM to eliminate the noise in the datasetsmore effectively. Finally, the informative genes selected by IG-SVM served as the input for theLIBSVM classifier. Compared to other related algorithms, IG-SVM showed the highest classificationaccuracy and superior performance as evaluated using five cancer gene expression datasetsbased on a few selected genes. As an example, IG-SVM achieved a classification accuracy of90.32% for colon cancer, which is difficult to be accurately classified, only based on three genesincluding CSRP1, MYL9, and GUCA2B.

Objective To investigate the clinical risk factors of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).Methods From January 2015 to April 2016,106 consecutive patients with aSAH treated with endovascular embolization at the Department of Neurosurgery,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command were enrolled retrospectively.The patients were divided into either a DCI group (n =34) or a non-DCI group (n =72) according to whether the occurrence of DCI.The general information of patients were collected,including sex,age,Hunt-Hess grade,modified Fisher grade,world federation of neurosurgical societies (WFNS) grade,acute cerebral edema,early (bleeding 1-3 d) hypoalbuminemia,and hypohemoglobinemia.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for occurrence of DCI.Results The incidence of DCI was 32.1％ (34/106).The Hunt-Hess grade ≥ Ⅲ,modified Fisher grade ≥ Ⅲ,WFNS grade ≥ Ⅳ,acute cerebral edema,the incidences of hypoalbuminemia and hypohemoglobinemia in the DCI group were higher than those in the non-DCI group.There were significant differences between the 2 groups (all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the ratios of sex,age ≥ 55 years,hypertension,diabetes and hyponatremia between the 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.05).In univariate analysis,the Hunt-Hess grade ≥ Ⅲ grade,modified Fisher grade ≥ Ⅲ,WFNS grade ≥ Ⅳ on admission,and hypoalbuminemia were used as the independent variables for multivariate analysis,the results showed that WFNS grade ≥ Ⅳ (OR,8.02;95 ％ CI 2.41-26.70),modified Fisher grades ≥ Ⅲ (OR,4.44;95％ CI 1.38-14.32),and hypoalbuminemia at day 1-3 (OR,5.42;95％ CI 1.40-20.76) were the independent risk factors for occurring DCI in patients with aSAH (all P ＜ 0.05),and the Hunt-Hess grade ≥ Ⅲ was not the risk factor for occurring DCI in patients with aSAH (OR,1.86;95％ CI 0.39-8.88,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The patients with hypoalbuminemia,WFNS grade≥Ⅳ on adrnission,and modified Fisher grade ≥ Ⅲ may were the independent risk factors DCI after aSAH,and the clinical diagnosis and treatment should attach great importance to.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and safety of flurbiprofen cataplasm on osteoarthritis pain in Chinese patients.MethodsOne hundred and eighty-three patients were divided into flurbiprofen cataplasm group,indometacin cataplasm group and Qizheng-xiaotong plaster group randomly.The score of pain,stiffness and physical function were analyzed with WOMAC scale and adverse reactions were also assessed.KruskalWallis H test,Nemenyi test and CMH tese were used.ResultsAfter treatment,the VAS value of the three groups decreased significantly and the VAS difference value of the flurbiprofen cataplasm group changed the most significantly(the changes of VAS value in flat walking,up and down stairs,nighttime,rest and weightbearing were 31±21,35±20,24±19,20±18 and 37±20 respectively).Meanwhile,the value of stiffness and physical function decreased significantly.In terms of safety,flurbiprofen cataplasm group and the indome-tacin cataplasm group were better than Qizheng-xiaotong plaster group.But in sense of constriction,the flurbiprofen cataplasm group was better than the indometacin eataplasm group.ConclusionFlurbiprofen Cataplasm,with its favorable analgesic effect,is suitable for general clinical use.It can reduce stiffness,improvephysical function,and has good safety profile.

ObjectiveTo enhance understanding on echocardiographic and clinical characteristics of valve lesions of non-infective endocarditis (NIE), particularly in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Comparative analysis of the diagnostic value of echocardiography was performed in patients with non-infective endocarditis and atypical infective endocarditis (IE).MethodsData from 38 patients with clinically diagnosed NIE in the institution were collected retrospectively during July 2005 and January 2015, including 10 patients with SLE, 10 with rheumatic heart disease, 11 with rheumatoid arthritis, and 7 with hepatitis B. Data of 42 patients diagnosed as atypical IE during the same period were collected as control group. All patients underwent examinations of blood culture, sero-immunological tests, electrocardiogram and echocardiography. Comparison was made between the two groups using SPSS 11.5 software package. ResultsThe difference in blood culture, sero-immunological tests and electrocardiogram was statistically signiifcant between the groups (χ2 value, 26.29, 5.53, and 4.80, respectively, allP<0.05), although there was no statistical difference in results of echocardiography (χ2=0.03,P>0.05). Echocardiography identiifed valvular vegetations in 27 of 38 patients, with NIE with a detection rate of 71.0%; The size of the vegetations ranged from 2 to 7 mm in diameter; Valve vegetations was found in 36 of 42 patients with atypical IE, with a detection rate of 85.7%; the other six cases demonstrated valvular thickening only; in this group, the vegetations ranged from 2 mm to 19 mm in size and were located in the left heart in 28 patients, 8 cases in the right heart. In the case group, two cases of valve lesions in patients with SLE were confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), while missed on TEE examination. Nine cases with more than mild valve regurgitation were identiifed. Ten cases were treated with hormones and cyclophosphamide, after which valve lesions resolution was found on serial echocardiography tests with a follow-up period of 5 days to 3 years.Conclusions Echocardiography is capable of detecting valve lesions at early stage in patients with NIE, particularly in patients with SLE. Echocardiography plays a crucial role in identifying the non-infective thrombotic vegetations, guiding clinical treatment and monitoring the therapeutic effects.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation(UC-MSCT)for patients with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Twelve patients with refractory SLE were enrolled in this study.UC-MSCs(≥106/kg cell number)were infused intravenously for each patient. The clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters were compared before and after MSCT. Results The twelve patients were followed up for one to twenty-six months after MSCT.The systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index(SLEDAI)score decreased from 18±4 to 10±4 one month after MSCT(n=12,P＜0.01)and then decreased to 7±4 at three month follow-up.Nine patients showed improvement of 24 h proteinuria[(2103±749)mg vs(3359±1248)mg,P＜0.01]one month after MSCT.Further improvement of 24 h proteinuria was observed in eight patients[(1427±616)mg vs(3342±1333)mg,P＜0.01]at three months post MSCT.Serum creatinine of five patients decreased significantly and ten patients showed an increase of serum albumin. Serum complement C3 increased in three patients and four patients showed obvious amelioration of hematological abnormalities. There was no transplantation related complications for all the patients. Conclusion UC-MSCT is effective and safe for refractory SLE,but further observation is required to evaluate its long term efficacy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression pattern of the MAL protein in normal and laryngeal carcinoma to derive possible implications of MAL in carcinoma development of larynx. METHOD: Use the immunohistochemical technique to analyze the distribution of MAL in normal laryngeal epithelial cells, polyp of vocal cords, laryngeal atypical hyperplasia and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. RESULT: MAL-like immunohistochemical reactions are strongly expressed in normal laryngeal epithelial cells and its expression is no significantly different in epithelial cells of the polyp of vocal cords. Comparatively, MAL expression is significantly down regulated in laryngeal atypical hyperplasia and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION MAL is normally expressed in laryngeal epithelial cells and its expression changes at early stages of carcinoma development. MAL, therefore, is a potential marker for early diagnosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Double-Blind Method ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; cytology ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Myelin Proteins ; metabolism ; Myelin and Lymphocyte-Associated Proteolipid Proteins ; Proteolipids ; metabolism