AIM: To study the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, chelerythrine chloride (CH), on nociceptive response, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) content in spinal cord of rats with inflammatory pain. METHODS: Inflammatory pain was induced by formalin injection into right hind paw. NADPH-d histochemistry was used to investigate the changes of NOS expression. Nitrate/nitrite (NO_2-/NO_3-) was assayed to represent NO content. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the number of NADPH-d positive cells increased significantly in the superficial layer (LaminaeⅠ-Ⅱ) of the spinal cord dorsal horn and the grey matter surrounding the central canal (Laminae Ⅹ) in rats with inflammatory pain, the reactive degree of NADPH-d positive soma and fibers and NO content of the lumbar enlargement of spinal cord also increased significantly. Intrathecal injection of CH inhibited the spontaneous pain response in the second phase induced by formalin injection, and prevented the increases in the number and reactive degree of NADPH-d positive cells, as well as NO content of the lumbar enlargement of spinal cord. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the activation of PKC promotes NOS expression and NO production in the nociceptive neurons of spinal cord during formalin-induced inflammatory pain.

Objective The purpose of this study was to provide efficient evidence to the treatment and nursing for patients with colorectal cancer after colostomy surgery by conducting a quality of life survey on the patients. Methods The WHOQOL-BREF scale was distributed to 103 patients after colostomy surgery in the Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province. Results The average score of these patients was 23.45±9.92,with the highest score of 29, the lowest score of 13. In terms of quality of life in the physiological field and psychological field, there was a significant difference between the high self-efficacy ability and low self-efficacy ability ( <0.05) .In terms of quality of life in the social field and environment field, there was no significant difference between the high self-efficacy ability and low self-efficacy ability (>0.05). Conclusion The patients’familiarity with stomas was closely related to the quality of life, which indicated that the quality of life could be improved by improving the patient's familiarity with stoma care.It is necessary to know the condition of colostomy care in different postoperative stages and provide efficient support and help for the patients.

Objective To explore the effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) on fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLSs) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Methods collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) models were developed on Wistar rats and 1 ×106 UCMSCs were given by intravenous injection from tail vein on the 17th day. On day 42, rats were sacrificed and synovial tissues were obtained to detect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13. Synovial tissues from patients with RA and osteoarthritis(OA) treated by knee arthroplasty were used to isolate FLSs. RNA of FLSs were extracted to compare MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression. FLSs and UCMSCs were cocultured through transwell for 72 hours. Then levels of MMPs were compared in the supernatants by Luminex. The MMPs expressed by FLSs and soluble factors expressed by MSCs were detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction(PCR). After adding antibodies to soluble factors, the MMPs expressions of RA FLSs were compared. Results MMP-1 (6.9±5.4, 1.3±1.4, P<0.05), MMP-3 (6.0±6.5, 1.4±1.0, P<0.05) and MMP-13 (21.8± 20.8, 1.5±1.6, P<0.05) expression were much higher in CIA rats compared with healthy controls. MMP-1 (1.3±1.4, 6.9±5.4,8.7±6.8, P<0.05), MMP-3(1.4±1.5, 6.0±6.5, 6.0±5.7, P<0.05) and MMP-13(3.0±3.2,
22±21, 22±26, P<0.05) expression were inhibited by UCMSCs in vivo. In vitro, MMP-1 (1.8±0.9, 0.9±0.7, t=2.44, P<0.05), MMP-3(2.6±1.7, 1.1±1.0, t=2.25, P<0.05) and MMP-13(2.4±2.3, 0.6±0.7, t=2.37, P<0.05) levels were higher in RA than OA FLSs. After coculture, MMP-13(1.3±1.2, 0.9±1.2, t=3.63, P<0.05) expressed by FLSs were down-regulated, however MMP-1 (1.5±1.4, 6.6±6.0, t=3.90, P<0.05) and MMP-3 (7±17, 22±35, t=2.86, P<0.05) were up-regulated when analyzed by paired t-test. Soluble factors such as I-DO, HGF and IL-10 were elevated. Anti-IL-10 antibody could decrease the function of UCMSCs by inhibiting MMP-13 expression in RA FLSs. Conclusion UCMSCs ameliorates RA by secreting soluble factor IL-10, which may inhibit MMPs expressed by FLSs.

Objective To study the effect of heterozygous deficiency of SGT gene on the hematological and biochemical parameters of mice in young and elderly ages.Methods Blood samples were analyzed for complete hematological and biochemical parameters from heterozygous SGT-deficient and wild-type mice of 10-weeks and 6-months old mice, respectively.Results Age-related changes in most indexes were found statistically significantly different between young and elderly mice with the same genotype.Compared with the wild type at the same age, the platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) was lower in young heterozygous SGT-deficient mice.However, platelet count, plateletcrit (PCT) and neutrophil count were more significantly lower in elderly heterozygous SGT-deficient mice (P<0.05).There was no significant difference for biochemical parameters ALT, AST, LDH, urea nitrogen, creatinine and blood glucose.Total and unconjugated bilirubin as well as ALP were significantly higher in elderly heterozygous SGT-deficient mice but not for conjugated bilirubin (P<0.05).In addition, significant differences existed for the lipids between two elderly groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Heterozygous deficiency of SGT gene induced changes of some hematological and biochemical parameters in elderly mice.It provides helpful information for further investigation on SGT involvement in some biological and pathological processes.

Objective To measure the level of interleukin (IL)-27 in sera of patients with Sj(o)gren's syndrome (SS) and investigate its role in IL-10 in CD3+CD8-T cells.Methods Serum levels of 1L-27 and IL-10 from 34 SS patients and 33 healthy controls were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) from SS patients were collected and cultured in different conditions (one with PHA,the other with PHA and IL-27).Seventy-two hours later,cells were harvested and the percentages of CD3 +CD8-IL-10+ cells were measured by flow cytometry.Expressions of c-Maf,IL-10 transcription factor,were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The data were analyzed by t test,Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results Serum level of IL-27 in patients with SS [(158±34) pg/ml] was significantly higher than that in healthy controls [(139±18) pg/ml,t=2.823,P＜0.01].IL-27 level was positively correlated with IL-10 and IgG levels (r=0.384,P＜0.05; r=0.354,P＜0.05),but negatively correlated with SSDAI (r=0.503,P＜0.01).Multiple regression analysis showed independent correlation of IL-27 with IL-10 and SSDAI in SS patients (β=0.412,P＜0.01; β=-0.525,P＜0.01),but not IgG.CD3+CD8-IL-10+ cells was upregulated by IL-27 in vitro (P＜0.01,n=14),so was c-Maf (P＜0.01,n=22).Conclusion IL-27 could ameliorate disease activity of Sjogren's syndrome.

AIM: To explore the effect of allicin on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by global cerebral ischemia - reperfusion and its mechanisms. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to 15 min global cerebral ischemia followed by 72 h reperfusion. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to evaluate the rate of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and colorimetric method was used for the measurement of nitric oxide (NO) , malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hippocampal tissue. RESULTS: Neuronal apoptotic rate, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde contents in hippocampal tissues of rats in I - R group were significantly higher than those in sham group. However, superoxide dismutase activity in hippocampal tissues of rats in I - R group was obviously lower than that in sham group. Allicin pretreatment inhibited the above changes in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Allicin hihibits hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by global ischemia-reperfusion insult through anti - oxidation. The anti - oxidation action of allicin may be one of the mechanisms of inhibitory effects on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.

Objective: To explore the effect of proprioception combined with core stability training on the static balance ability and dynamic balance ability of college students, and to provide an experimental basis for studying body balance ability and preventing sports injuries. Methods: In August 2019, 112 non sports students from Shandong Institute of Physical Education were recruited, and 52 subjects were selected as the intervention group and 60 as the control group by random number table method. The intervention group was given proprioceptive training combined with core stability training, while the control group was given core stability training. The static and dynamic balance abilities of the two groups of subjects before and after training were compared. Results: The static balance ability of the intervention group was higher than that before the intervention ( F =2.17， P <0.05) at the 5th and 11th weeks, which were 18.31% and 47.37% higher, respectively. The ability to stand on one foot with eyes closed at the 11th week in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group at the 11th week( t =2.25， P <0.05). After training, the equilibrioception of the intervention group was improved, increasingly improved in the 11th week. And compared with that in intervention group in the 5th and 11th week, the ability was also higher than the balance ability of the intervention group before the intervention( F =2.37， P <0.01), 12.01% and 12.99% higher, respectively. Conclusion Proprioception and core stability training can effectively improve the static and dynamic balance ability of college students, and the training effect of proprioceptive training combined with core stability training is better than that of core stability training.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedimidine on intestinal injury in rats with endotoxemia.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2-3 months,weighing 200-250 g,were divided into 4 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),endotoxemia group (group E),dexmedimidine group (group D) and dexmedimidine plus α7 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist group (D +α-BGT group).The endotoxemia model was established by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 mg/kg via the femoral vein.Dexmedetomidine 40 μg/kg was injected and 15 min later LPS was intravenously injected in group D.Dexmedetomidine 40 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected after intraperitoneal injection of α-bungarotoxin 1 μg/kg,and 15 min later LPS was intravenously injected in group D+o-BGT.Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta at 6 h after LPS injection for determination of the plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).Rats were sacrificed after blood sampling,and intestinal tissues were obtained for examination of the pathological changes and for determination of the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (by chemical colorimetry) and expression of NF-κB p65 in nucleoprotein (by Western blot).Results Compared with group C,the plasma IL-6 and TNF-o concentrations and MPO activity in intestinal tissues were significantly increased,and the expression of NF-κB p65 in nucleoprotein was up-regulated in the other 3 groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group E,the plasma IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations and MPO activity in intestinal tissues were significantly decreased,the expression of NF-κB p65 in nucleoprotein was down-regulated (p＜0.05),and the pathological changes of intestinal tissues were significantly attenuated in group D.Compared with group D,the plasma IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations and MPO activity in intestinal tissues were significantly increased,the expression of NF-κB p65 in nucleoprotein was up-regulated (P＜0.05),and the pathological changes of intestinal tissues were accentuated in group D+α-BGT.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the intestinal injury in rats with endotoxemia,and the mechanism may be related to activating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and further inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Objective To evaluate the role of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in dexmedeto-midine pretreatment-induced reduction of acute lung injury in a rat model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion ( I∕R) . Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 2-3 months, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6) using a random number table method: sham operation group ( S group) , intestinal I∕R group ( II∕R group ) , dexmetomidine group ( DEX group) and α7 nicotinic acetyl-choline receptor antagonistα-bungarotoxin (α-BGT) group (α-BGT group) . Intestinal I∕R was produced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery ( SMA) for 60 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion in anesthe-tized rats. Dexmetomidine 5 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 was injected via the tail vein at 1 h before operation in DEX group andα-BGT group. α-BGT 1μg∕kg was intraperitoneally injected at 15 min before dexmetomidine in-jection in α-BGT group. Rats were sacrificed at 120 min of reperfusion, and lung tissues were obtained for microscopic examination of pathological changes ( with a light microscope) and for determination of wet∕dry weight ratio ( W∕D ratio) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-α) and interleukin-6 ( IL-6) contents ( using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) , malondialdehyde ( MDA) content ( using thiobarbital acid method) and superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity ( by xanthine oxidase method) . Results Compared with group S, the W∕D ratio and contents of MDA, TNF-αand IL-6 were significantly increased, and the SOD activi-ty was decreased in II∕R and α-BGT groups, and TNF-α and IL-6 contents were significantly increased in group DEX ( P<0. 05) . Compared with group II∕R, the W∕D ratio and contents of MDA, TNF-αand IL-6 were significantly decreased, SOD activity was increased (P<0. 05), and the pathological changes were significantly attenuated in group DEX. Compared with group DEX, the W∕D ratio and contents of MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, SOD activity was decreased ( P<0. 05) , and the pathological changes were accentuated in group α-BGT. Conclusion Activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory path-way is involved in the mechanism by which dexmedetomidine pretreatment reduces acute lung injury in a rat model of intestinal I∕R.

Objective The basic biological, echocardiography and gene sequencing parameters of mice overexpressing Slit2 gene (Slit2-Tg mice) were collected and evaluated, and to provide a reference for the application of Slit2-Tg mice in biomedical research. Methods Slit2-Tg and C57BL/6 J mice were inbred. The genotypes of the mice were determined by a PCR assay. The blood samples were collected for blood routine and biochemical tests. The tissues of main organs were collected for protein expression and pathological analysis. Echocardiography and transcriptome sequencing was carried out for analyzing the heart function and gene expression, respectively. Results The litter size was significantly higher in the Slit2-Tg mice than in C57BL/6 J mice. Human Slit2 gene and protein expressions were detected in the main organs of Slit2-Tg mice. Organ coefficient of spleen was significantly increased in Slit2-Tg mice, but the tissue structure appeared normal. There were significant changes in the counts of erythrocytes, platelets, eosinophils, and biochemistry of glucose, globulin, urea nitrogen, triglycerides, HDL, and atherosclerosis index. Echocardiography showed no significant differences in the morphology and function of the Slit2-Tg hearts except in the left ventricular anterior wall thickness at the end-diastolic state. Compared with the C57BL/6 J mice, 535 genes out of 17513 genes in the Slit2-Tg hearts were increased or decreased, mainly involving 15 biological process or signal transduction pathways. Conclusions This study has collected the biological parameters of Slit2-Tg mice and suggests that this model animal is suitable for the studies of cardiovascular diseases.