BACKGROUND:Autologous hamstring tendon reconstruction of the medial patel ofemoral ligament is now more popular surgical procedure.
OBJECTIVE:To study the clinical mid-term outcomes of isolated medial patel ofemoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent lateral patel ar dislocation.
METHODS:The clinical data of 24 patients (25 knees) undergoing medial patel ofemoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent patel ar dislocation from September 2006 to September 2009 were retrospectively studied. Clinical, functional, and CT outcomes were assessed at an average of 3.1 years after surgery (range, 2-5 years), using recurrent instability as the primary end point.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The success rate of medial patel ofemoral ligament reconstruction for preventing recurrent dislocations was 92%. Two patients (8%) experienced a recurrent lateral patel ar dislocation, and required a reoperation. At final fol ow-up, the mean IKDC, Tenger and Lycholm scores were significantly higher than those before operation (P<0.01). Reconstruction of the medial patel ofemoral ligament for recurrent patel ar instability is a minimal y invasive operation and has a number of benefits. The mid-term clinical outcome was satisfactory.

Rapidly and accurately quantitative analysis of whole-cell sugars in some strains of actinomycetes by GC-MS was performed in this paper. After the polysaccharides were hydrolyzed, deoxidized and esterified , the alditol acetate derivates was analyzed by GC-MS. The derivates of rhamnose, ribose, arabinose , xylose, madurose, mannose, glucose, galactose were separated commendably under this condition. The ratio of the peak area was calculated to get the relative percentage of the various sugars.

BACKGROUND:The treatment method of tibial avulsion fractures of anterior cruciate ligament is varied;each has its advantages. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the methods and clinical effects of the treatment of avulsion fractures of tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament by the means of making two decussate lines and four strands of non-absorbable Arthrex sutures passing through two bone tunnels combined with pushlock free knotting anchor under arthroscopy. METHODS:From December 2014 to November 2015, 23 cases of avulsion fractures of tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament were treated in the Second Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Under the arthroscopy, avulsed fracture was fixed in tibial intercondylar eminence by the means of making two decussate lines of Arthrex sutures passing through. At the same time, pushlock free knotting anchor beside tibial tubercle provided a tightening of tension for Arthrex sutures, which could strengthen the fixation of avulsion fracture blocks. Knee joint Lysholm and Tegner scores were fol owed up. Knee stability was evaluated by anterior drawer test and Lachman test. Postoperative reset and healing were evaluated with X-ray films. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Al 23 patients were fol owed up for 6 months to 1 year. (2) Lysholm scale of the knee function was (47.31±6.16) preoperatively and (94.69±1.28) postoperatively (P<0.05). Tegner score was (3.14±1.58) preoperatively and (7.74±1.69) postoperatively (P<0.05). (3) Lachman test of al cases was negative. X-ray films demonstrated that fracture healing was good. There was no repeated swel ing or cross locking of the joint. The knee was not limited by flexion or extension. No infection or deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity occurred. (4) The method of Arthrex sutures passing through two bone tunnels combined with pushlock free knotting anchor under arthroscopy has the advantages of minimal y invasive, simple operation, reliable fixation, no metal implants and satisfactory result to treat the tibial intercondylar eminence fracture of anterior cruciate ligament.

BACKGROUND:Alogeneic tendon has been frequently used to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament. However, there is a lack of middle- and long-term clinical evaluation. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the middle- and long-term curative effect of alogeneic tendon reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament under arthroscopy. METHODS:Twenty-five patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury under alogeneic tendon transplantation were reviewed retrospectively. They were al folowed up for 3 years or more. The clinical outcomes were evaluated and compared using Lyshlom score scale, IKDC2000 and Tegner score scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the patients were folowed up. Lysholm scale scores on the knee function, Tegner scores and IKDC scores were significantly increased after transplantation (P < 0.05). No complications of infection and compartment syndrome occurred. Symptoms were relieved and the function of knee joint was improved. There was one case weakly positive for anterior drawer test. Both Lachman test and pivot shift test showed negative signs. Overal, the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament with alogeneic tendon has less trauma and complications, with good middle-term efficacy.

It′s reported that RNA-binding proteins ( RBP) play key roles in post-transcriptional regulation of eukaryotic genes.The aberrations of RBP are associated with a large number of human disorders , particularly autoimmune and neuro-logic diseases .The interaction between RNA and proteins has been widely explored since the development of the method known as RNA immunoprecipitation with differential display or microarray analysis (RIP-ChIP) around the year of 2000. Since then, diverse derivatives of the RIP-ChIP, such as ultraviolet crosslinking and immunoprecipitation ( CLIP), high-throughput sequencing of CLIP cDNA library (HITS-CLIP), photoactivatable -ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation ( PAR-CLIP) , and individual nucleotide resolution CLIP ( iCLIP ) have been developed .All these methods have some advantages over the original RIP-ChIP and greatly facilitate the study of RBP-RNA interactions .Addi-tionally , aided by the next-generation sequencing , transcriptome-wide identification of RBP target sites has become possible and the RNA-binding site resolution of RBP has also improved to some degree .We introduced the basic principles and processes of the interactions between proteins and RNA , focusing on the advantages , disadvantages and prospect of the present genome-wide version of CLIP .

Four impurities were isolated from raw material of clindamycin phosphate (CP), and their structures have been determined. LC-MS was used to determine the molecular weights of the impurities in the raw material of CP. Reversed-phase preparative HPLC was used to prepare them, and their chemical structures were identified by HR-MS and NMR. The four unknown impurities were determined as clindamycin-B-phosphate (1), clindamycin-2,4-diphosphate (2), 3',6'-dehydro clindamycin phosphate (3), epi-clindamycin phosphate (4). Impurity 1 has been included in BP and EP, while 2, 3 and 4 have not. The impurities 2, 3, 4 are first separated from raw material of CP.

Objective To design and construct a new non-fusion soluble expression vector pTIG-mSUMO(small ubiq-uitin-related modifier) using the widely used solubility promoting protein SUMO and based on the translational coupling phenomenon in order to enable the non-fusion soluble expression of the broad-spectrum antiviral protein RA in Escherichia coli by pTIG-mSUMO.Methods The smt3 gene coding for SUMO protein was cloned from yeast genome DNA by PCR. After directed-site silent mutation to eliminate the EcoRⅠsite, the mutant mSUMO was inserted into pET-22b to obtain the translational coupling expression vector pTIG-mSUMO.The RA was subject to PCR amplification and cloned into the pTIG-mSUMO to obtain the expression plasmid pTIG-mSUMO/RA which was supposed to direct the soluble expression of RA by the translational coupling with mSUMO.Results A translational coupling expression vector pTIG-mSUMO which could di-rect/drive the SUMO and heterogonous protein non-fusion expression simultaneously was designed and constructed.The Western blotting result indicated that pTIG-mSUMO could direct the high-level expression of RA, around 40%of which was soluble.Conclusion A translational coupling expression vector pTIG-mSUMO is obtained.After coupling with SUMO, RA is highly expressed in E.coli and both the expression level and solubility are greatly improved.pTIG-mSUMO might contrib-ute to soluble expression of other proteins.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) on assessing pulmonary vascular properties (PVPs) and its relationship with hemodynamics, and mortality rate in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with connective tissue disease (PAH-CTD).

METHODSPatients (n=51) with highly suspected PAH-CTD were prospectively enrolled in our department between July 2011 and March 2014. All patients underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) and IVUS, and were divided into 3 groups: PAH-CTD (n=25), PAH due to other reasons (n=15), and non-PAH control group (n=11). Based on IVUS, PAH patients were divided into distal (n=22) and proximal (n=18) remodeling subtypes.A total of 408 pulmonary segments were detected by IVUS, and all patients were followed up to (19 ± 10) months.

RESULTSIVUS evidenced higher mean wall thickness (MWT) ((0.30 ± 0.02) mm and (0.33 ± 0.02) mm vs. (0.21 ± 0.02) mm) and percentage of MWT (WTP) ((13.62 ± 0.59)% and (14.39 ± 0.77)% vs. (9.57 ± 0.97)%) values in PAH patients compared to control patients (all P<0.01). Pulmonary vascular mechanical properties (PVMPs) including compliance ((8.85 ± 0.82) × 10(-2)mm(2)/mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (6.28 ± 0.65) × 10(-2)mm(2)/mmHg vs. (41.59 ± 5.02) × 10(-2) mm(2)/mmHg, all P<0.01), distensibility ((0.83 ± 0.09)%/mmHg and (0.55 ± 0.06)%/mmHg vs. (3.16 ± 0.38) %/mmHg, all P<0.01), elastic modulus ((169.25 ± 15.10) mmHg and (253.00 ± 22.11) mmHg vs.(43.78 ± 4.27) mmHg, all P<0.01) and stiffness index β (4.19 ± 0.41 and 5.18 ± 0.34 vs. 2.39 ± 0.27, P<0.05 or 0.01) in PAH groups were all significantly worse than in control group (all P<0.01). An inverse exponential association was found between PVMPs and hemodynamics with R(2) ranging from 0.544 to 0.777 (P<0.001). PVMPs tended to be better in group PAH-CTD than in PAH group due to other reasons.Mortality rate was similar between the two PAH groups, while PAH with distal remodeling subtype was linked with significantly higher mortality rate than PAH with the proximal remodeling subtype (23 % vs. 0, HR=10.14, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIVUS plays an important role in the assessment of PAH-CTD patients in terms of evaluating PVPs and predicting mortality rate. PAH patients have deteriorated PVPs, but PVMPs tended to be better in PAH-CTD than in PAH patients due to other reasons. The mortality rate was similar between PAH groups, while PAH patients with the distal remodeling subtype is linked with a higher mortality rate than PAH patients with the proximal remodeling subtype.

Cardiac Catheterization ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery

OBJECTIVETo compare tonal response properties of neurons in the primary auditory cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with urethane and ketamine-xylazine.

METHODSForty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were randomized into two groups and anesthetized with urethane or ketamine-xylazine. Tone pips were chosen as the stimuli to obtain the action potentials of the single neurons by in vivo cell-attached recording. The features of the action potentials were extracted with Matlab software to comparatively analyze the acoustic response properties of the neurons between the two anesthetic groups.

RESULTSThe Q values and the characteristic frequencies were independent of the types of anesthetic agents, but with urethane anesthesia, the neurons tended to have higher minimum thresholds, lower spontaneous firing rates, longer response latencies, and more frequent occurrence of tuning with stronger inhibition compared to those in ketamine-xylazine group.

CONCLUSIONUrethane and ketamine might have no obvious impact on the transmission pathway of frequency tuning from the periphery to the auditory cortex, but neurons from rats with urethane anesthesia receive enhanced inhibition mediated by the interneurons or have a lower intrinsic excitability.

Anesthetics ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Auditory Cortex ; drug effects ; physiology ; Female ; Ketamine ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urethane ; pharmacology