0.05],the hospitalized day after operation and the rate of local hematoma in transradial approach group were markedly lower than those in transfemoral approach group [(3.06?(1.42)] days vs(4.97?3.07) days and 0 vs 7.48%,P

This paper explores into the differences of successful and unsuccessful medical students in their use of English writing strategies.The result of T-test shows that students differ a lot in their use of four writing strategies especially in macro-management strategy and func-tion-focused strategy.Therefore,teachers should pay more attention to the cultivation of au-tonomous use of writing strategy in daily writing courses.

Objective To study the teaching effect of prevention in clinical epidemiology teaching.Methods 187 clinical medical students of Grade 2010 from China Medical University were selected as the research objectives.2 teaching hours of prevention content was increased in the clinical epidemiology teaching,and the anonymous questionnaire survey was used to assess the teaching effectiveness.A total of 187 questionnaires were issued and 187 valid questionnaires were collected.All the data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0.Results 82.9％ (155 people) of the students believed that the addition of preventive content was necessary,40.1％ (75 people) of the students believed that there was a significant increase in the content of the prevention.For the understanding of the content,only 11.2％ (21 people) of the students said they had a complete understanding of the class,but after teaching 51.3％ (96 people) of the students expressed a clear understanding of the content.82.4％ (154 people) of the students thought that the teaching contents of prevention was tightly combined with the clinical,and 74.9％ (140 people) of the students thought that 2 hours setting was appropriate.Students' demands for prevent content also included:1) how to strengthen prevention in daily life;2) tumor disease prevention,including current international popular tumor vaccine;3) of emergent public health event instance;4) occupational disease prevention measures,etc.Conclusion Increasing the contents of prevention in the clinical epidemiology teaching has made students of clinical medicine change their clinical concept and realize the key role of prevention in clinical treatment.At the same time,this study understands students' needs for the content of prevention,and provides a basis for the setting and op-timization of clinical epidemiology course in the future.

The Yin-Fire theory is the core content of Li Dongyuan's academic thought and has profound and extensive clinical guidance value.This paper analyzes the connotation and background of the Yin-Fire theory,and proposes that the core pathogenesis of Yin-Fire syndrome is qi deficiency without movement,and stagnation turning into fire;qi deficiency without rise,and dampness and turbidity flowing downward;qi deficiency without astringent,and Xiang-Fire rushing upward;qi deficiency and fire hyperactivity,which hurts body fluid and burns blood.This article summarizes the key points of diagnosis and treatment of various diseases by sorting out the commonly used prescriptions and medicines of Yin-Fire theory and its clinical application in miscellaneous internal medicine diseases,and deepens the understanding of the connotation of Yin-Fire syndrome.

_ Objective_ To study whether quinoid dihydropteridine reductase ( QDPR ) expression level change can affect oxidative stress of NRK-52E renal tubular cells in a high glucose environment. Methods The NRK-52E model of overexpression, knockdown QDPR gene and respective control were constructed by lentivirus. All groups were given 5. 4 mmol/L and 30 mmol/L glucose culture medium respectively to imitate normal and high glucose condition. The level of superoxide anion ( O-2 ) was detected by flow cytometer dihydroethidium method. The protein expression level of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)was tested by Western blot. Results QDPR over-expression can decrease O-2(P<0. 01)and SOD1(P<0. 05)levels in high glucose condition;QDPR knockdown increases O-2(P<0. 01) and does not change SOD1. Conclusion Under high glucose condition, overexpression of QDPR gene decreases NRK-52E cell oxidative stress. Knockdown QDPR gene increases NRK-52E cell oxidative stress. QDPR gene may influence the development of diabetic nephropathy by oxidative stress.

Objective K93T point mutation exists in the quinoid dihydropteridine reductase ( QDPR) of OLEFT rats which catalyzes QDPR into tetrahydrobinopterin(BH4), while dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR) can reduce QDPR to BH4, which implies crosstalk between hydrobiopterin and folate metabolism.By investigating the influence of QDPR expression on DHFR expression of NRK-52E cells, the article aimed to find out the possible underlying mechanism of QDPR gene in diabetic nephropathy ( DN). Methods Western blot was performed to identify the expression level in NRK-52E cell under high glucose ambience and DHFR pro-tein expression of OLETF rats.NRK-52E cells were transfected by the lentivirus to establish no-load overexpression, overexpressed QDPR and knockdown QDPR models.Each group was given 5.4 mmol/L normal sugar medium and 30mmol/L in high glucose ambi-ence for 72 hours'cell cultivation to simulate DN model.Observation was made on the influence of QDPR gene expression levels on DHFR in high glucose ambience. Results The western blot analysis revealed that DHFR protein decreased in NHG group( [0.33 ± 0.16] vs [0.64 ±0.5], P<0.05) and OLETF rats cortex ([0.56 ±0.16] vs [1.03 ±0.12], P<0.01).In high glucose ambi-ence, compared with LV-OCON-HG group, the protein expression of DHFR was significantly decreased in LV-QDPR-HG group ([0.12 ±0.09] vs [0.63 ±0.08], P<0.01).No difference was found in the comparison of DHFR expression levels between LV-SHQDPR-HG and LV-SHCON-HG group. Conclusion DHFR protein expression decreases in NRK-52E cells of high glucose and LOLETF rat model, which suggests that DHFR protein plays an important role in the development of DN.QDPR overexpression leads to the decreased expression of DHFR, which implies that overexpressed QDPR influences the occurrence and process of DN by down-regulating DHFR expression level.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the proliferation,migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cell A549,and to discuss further if it is closely related to the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and relative protein p38.Methods A549 cells were cultured by conventional method,and then treated with different concentration of curcumin (10,20,40,80 μmol · L-1).The proliferation,migration and invasion of A549 cells were measured by real-time cellular analysis (RTCA).The expression levels of JNK,p-JNK,p38 and P-p38 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results Curcumin showed an antiproliferation effect against A549 cells with IC50 =40 μmol · L-1,and curcumin exhibited obviously inhibitory effect on the migration and invasion of A549 cells.Additionally,compared with control group,curcumin suppressed the expression of JNK and p38 at the gene level,and significantly inhibited the expression of JNK,P-JNK,p38 and p38 (P＜0.05) at the protein level.Conclusion These results demonstrated that curcumin can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of A549 cells via reducing the level of JNK,p38 phosphorylation,and blocking JNK signal transduction pathway.

Objective To explore the impact of butylphthalide soft capsules on the related factors and quality of life of Parkinson patients with dementia.Methods 90 Parkinson patients with dementia were selected,and they were divided into the study group and the control group by the random number table method,45 cases in each group.The control group was treated with donepezil hydrochloride combined with routine nursing method,and the study group was treated with butylphthalide soft capsules based on the treatment of the control group.Before and after treatment,the serum C-reactive protein(CRP),recombinant human Parkinson disease protein 7 (PARK7),neurotrophic factor -3 (NT-3) levels of all patients were detected.And the quality of life of patients at admission and discharge were evaluated by the scale of disease self management efficiency and quality of life scale WHO (WHO QOL-BREF),quality of life of the two groups was compared before and after treatment.The Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores was compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results Before treatment,the dementia related factors and quality of life score,UPDRS score of the two groups had no statistically significant differences (all P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,the dementia related factors of the two groups were all improved,which of the study group improved significantly [CRP:(3.24 ± 0.78) mg/L vs.(6.02 ± 0.95) mg/L,PARK7:(13.15 ± 1.51) μg/L vs.(24.93 ±2.02)μg/L,NT-3:(34.16 ± 3.47) μg/L vs.(26.23 ± 2.97) μg/L,all P ＜0.05].After treatment,the quality of life(QOL) and UPDRS score of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group [(80.5 ± 12.5) points vs.(66.0 ± 10.3) points,(33.28 ± 2.18) points vs.(41.26 ± 2.54) points,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Butylphthalide soft capsules can effectively improve the dementia related factor of Parkinson patients with dementia,and enhance the quality of life with good effect.

Objective To understand the correlation of constitutional type of Traditional Chinese Medicine between undergraduate nursing students and their agnate grandparents, so as to provide references for disease prevention and health guidance. Methods A total 800 undergraduate nursing students and their agnate grandparents were investigated with constitution in Chinese medicine questionnaire ( CCMQ ) designed by professor Wang Qi. Results A total of 784 questionnaires were collected. There were 569 effective questionnaires for nursing students which indicated that their agnate grandparents were living. There were 296 questionnaires for grandfather and 353 questionnaires for grandmother. Among the population, there were 389 persons ( 31. 94%) belong to Gentleness constitution, 769 persons ( 63. 14%) belong to lopsided constitutions. The most common constitutions types were gentleness type, Yang-deficiency type, Qi-deficiency type in nursing students (44. 46%) and their grandmothers (26. 62%). Nevertheless, the first three types of constitutions were Yang-deficiency type, Qi-deficiency type, Gentleness type in grandfather. Correlation analysis of constitutional type between nursing students and their grandparents indicated that there was no correlation in Gentleness constitution (r= -0. 09,0. 09;P>0. 05), but there were correlations in other constitutional types between nursing students and their grandparents (r=0. 20 0. 43;P<0. 01). Conclusions The correlation is not significant in constitutional type of traditional Chinese medicine between nursing students and their agnate grandparents, but it still has a certain directive significance for disease prevention and control in some family.

Objective To investigate the effect of low salt diet on vascular remodeling of rat induced by high fructose(HF).Methods Wistar male rats weighed 180-200 g were fed for 8 weeks and randomly divided into 6 groups:(1) control group was given the normal fodder and distilled water;(2) high fructose group(HF) was given normal fodder (0.5 ％ NaCl,w/w) and fructose water(10 ％,w/v);(3) high-salt group (HNa) was given high salt fodder (7 ％ NaCl,w/w) and distilled water;(4) high fructose combined with high salt diet group(HFNa) was simultaneously given high salt fodder and 10 ％ fructose water;(5)high fructose combined low salt group(HFLNa) was simultaneously given low salt fodder and 10％ fructose water;(6) high fructose combined with spirotaclone group(HFE) was given 10％ fructose water for 4 weeks and then added with spirotaelone(50 mg · kg-1 · d-1 by tube feeding) for continuous 4 weeks.The changes of arterial blood pressure,vascular wall histological evaluation and expression of α-SMA and fibronectin in vascular wall were detected in each group.Results (1) Compared with the blood pressure[(111.03 ±9.17) mm Hg] in the control group,the blood pressure in the HF and HNa groups were (133.94± 5.86) mm Hg and (128.09±7.56) mm Hg respectively,which were significantly increased(P＜0.05);(2) HF mainly caused the hyperplasia of vascular wall middle layer smooth muscle.The a-SMA expression results in the HF group was (0.006 3 ±0.000 21),which in the control group was (0.004 6 ± 0.000 31),the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),moreover which promoted the elastic fibers increase;while HNa mainly stimulated the elastic fibers to thicken and extracellular matrix deposition,the fibronectin expression was 0.002 6 ± 0.000 2 in the HNa group and (0.004 7±0.000 2)in the HF group,compared with(0.001 3±0.000 1)in the normal group,which were significantly increased(P＜0.001);(3) the blood pressure was (106.04±9.59) mm Hg in the HFLNa group,(103.99±7.12) mm Hg in the HFE group,compared with(133.94±5.86) mm Hg in the HF group,showing that the blood pressure in the HFLNa group and HFE group was significantly decreased compared with the HF group (P＜0.05);moreover the vascular remodeling in the HFLNa group(0.006 8±0.000 2) and HFE group (0.004 2±0.000 4) was improved,and compared with the HF group(0.006 3±0.000 2),α-SMA expression was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Conclusion Low salt diet can effectively improve vascular remodeling induced by HEF.