α-Amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor, a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors widely distributed in the central nervous system, mediates the fast excitatory neurotransmission. Meanwhile more and more evidence indicates that AMPA receptor plays an important role in synaptic plasticity as well as central sensitization, and it also has close relationships with nervous system diseases. Over stimulation of AMPA receptor would produce excitotoxicity, leading to neuronal damage and finally resulting in a multitude of nervous system diseases, such as epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral scelerosis,Parkinson′s dis-ease. Competitive AMPA receptor antagonists that downregulate AMPA receptor′s function are of great importance in the prevention and treatment of nervous system diseases. This article reviews the research advances of competitive AMPA receptor antagonists.

Objective To investigate the impact of nutritional risk of preoperative patients with different parts of colorectal cancer. Methods 385 cases of surgical patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer were selected in the retrospective study in April 2008 to March 2009, Gastrointestinal Surgery Center of West China Hospital in Sichuan University. Patients were divided into the right colon cancer group, the left colon cancer group, the rectal cancer group, using internationally recognized NRS- 2002 Scale and serum nutrition indicators to assess their preoperative nutrition. Results NRS-2002 score in the right colon cancer group showed higher than the left colon and rectal cancer group, but no statistical difference between the latter two rates; serum concentrations of HGB, TP, ALB, A/G were lower in the right colon cancer group than the other two groups, but the concentrations of ALT, AST, Ca2+, PO43-showed no statistical difference among three groups. Conclusions The proximal colon (right colon cancer) were more susceptible to the risk of preoperative malnutrition, the patients with different parts of colorectal cancer should be given to the corresponding preoperative nutritional assessment and nutritional support.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of shuxuening treatment on organophosphorus pesti-cide poisoning with toxic myocarditis.Methods 60 patients with organophosphorus toxic myocarditis were selected in our hospital as the research subjects,and 60 cases were divided into two groups:observation group(n =30) and control group(n =30).Control group was given conventional treatment,treatment group was given shuxuening injec-tion 14 days on the basis of conventional treatment.After treatment,creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB),troponin (TNI),interleukin 6 (IL -6) and cholinesterase(ChE) were compared,and the changes of clinical symptoms were observed at the same time.Results There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group(χ2 =0.630,P =0.730).The TNI,IL -6,CKMB could reflect the severity of myocardial injury in patients with different degrees of organic phosphorus poisoning,TNI,CK -MB,IL -6 increased with the degree of poisoning,the differences were statistically significant(F =11.863,4.512,3.774;P =0.000,0.015,0.029).After treatment for 4, 9,14 days,TnI,CK,CK -MB,levels of IL -6 in the two groups were recovered,but the recovery levels of TnI,CK -MB and IL -6 of the observation group significantly better than the control group,the differences were statistically sig-nificant(Fourth days,t =8.125,5.128,10.461;P =0.000,0.001,0.000;Ninth days,t =5.464,4.674,9.510;P =0.001,0.002,0.000,t =6.162,8.248,5.523;P =0.000,0.000,0.001).Conclusion Conventional treatment combined with shuxuening in the treatment of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning with toxic myocarditis has better therapeutic effect,it is worthy of promotion.

Objective To explore the effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma cell line SNU in vitro. Methods SNU cells were treated with DON at different concentrations (50, 100, 1000, 2000 μg/L) for 12 hours, and then cells were harvested for cell apoptosis by flow cytometric (FCM) DNA analysis and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 at protein level with FCM and Western blotting. Results FCM results showed that the apoptosis rates of SNU cells in DON treatment groups were all higher than that in control, especially in DON 1000 μg/L and 2000 μg/L groups (P<0.05). In the concentration range from 50 to 2000 μg/L, a significant concentration-depended response correlation could be found between apoptosis rate and DON concentration (r =0.940, P <0.01). FCM and Western blotting showed Bax and Caspase-3 expression in often SNU cells DON treatment for 12 hours were up-regulated while that of Bcl-2 was down-regulated. Conclusion DON can induce apoptosis of SNU cells in vitro in dose-dependent manner, and possible mechanisms of apoptosis induction effects may be up-regulation of the expression of Bax and down-regulation of that of Bcl-2 and activation of the key enzyme of apoptosis Caspase-3.

Aim To study the influences of miR-203 on ursolic acid (UA ) sensitivity in leukemic K562 cell.Methods In the experimental system,eukaryot-ic expression vector of hsa-miR-203 (PmiR-203 )was transfected into K562 cells using LipofectamineTM 2000.K562 cells were incubated with different con-centration of UA alone or in combination with PmiR-203 .The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT as-say.The cell apoptosis was measured by double stai-ning with Annexin V and Propidium Iodide.The ex-pression of Bcr/abl protein was detected by Western Blot.Results The miR-203 promoted the sensitivity of UA by up to 1 .55-fold and the IC50 was reduced from 44.3μmol · L-1 to 30.7 μmol · L-1 .The a-mount of apoptotic cells was increased in UA combined with PmiR-203 group (P<0.05).PmiR-203 downreg-ulated the expression of Bcr/abl protein in K562 cells. Conclusion Our results support a substantial role of miR-203 that enhances UA sensitivity in K562 cell and the mechanism appears to be related to the dounregula-tion of Bcr/abl by miR-203 .

Objective To study the influence of preoperative nutritional status for postoperative recovery effect of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods Selected 395 patients with colorectal cancer from Feb 2008 to Jan 2009, evaluated their preoperative nutritional status by NRS-2002, and then divided them into three groups according to the NRS-2002 values. Compared the indexes which indicated postoperative recovery effect among the three groups. Results The nutritional risk level were related with the time of postoperative pulled out the catheter and plasma drainage, the time of consumption, exhaust and defecation and the length of hospital stay. There was no significant correlation between the nutrition risk score and the time of pulled out the stomach robe and getting out of bed. Conclusions There were some influence of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative recovery effect of patients with colorectal cancer, nurses should emphases the preoperative nutrition evaluation and then carry out related nutritional support and associated nursing cares.

Investigators selected students who had finished physiology course using the second edition of textbook for long-term medical program.A questionnaire about its content organizations as well as overall compiling condition was designed.Investigators collected the feedback information from the 94 available questionnaires.Meanwhile,some contributive suggestions were provided for the compiling of the whole series of long-term medical program textbooks.

AIM: To explore the effects of sterigmatocystin (ST) on IL-4 expression and secretion of murine spleen cells in vitro. METHODS: The secretion and expression of IL-4 in murine spleen cells were studied with ELISA and semi-quantitative RT-PCR method after ST pretreatment at five different dosages (0.125 mg/L, 0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L) for 2 h and 12 h, respectively. RESULTS: Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of IL-4 mRNA in ST 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L treated groups were higher than that in control group, especially in ST 0.5 mg/L group ( P

AIM:To investigate the effects of Fu Fang Xiao Chai Hu Tang(FFXCHT)on level of Interleukin-2 and value of CD4+/CD8+ in mice bearing Ehrlish ascites carcinoma(EAC).METHODS:The effects of FFXCHT on the EAC were observed and index of thymus and spleen were observed.The method of [3H]-TdR incorporation was used to measure the IL-2 level,and the value of CD4+/CD8+ was assayed by ELITE calibur flow cytometry.RESULTS:Compared with the model group,FFXCHT inhibited the growth of EAC(P

Objective To evaluate the application of three dimensional time-of-flight (3D-TOF) MRA in screening intracranial aneurysms in the population of Wenling community. Methods A total of 2 124 patients with suspicious intracranial aneurysm in Wenling community, who received 3D-TOF MRA and three dimensional digital subtraction angiography(3D-DSA) during the period from September 2011 to August 2012, were enrolled in this study. The epidemic data of intracranial aneurysm in Wenling community were analyzed, the effectiveness of 3D-TOF MRA in detecting intracranial aneurysm was assessed, and the consistency between 3D-TOF MRA and 3D-DSA (regarded as the golden standard) in detecting intracranial aneurysm was statistically analyzed. Results The results of 3D-TOF MRA showed that the morbidity of intracranial aneurysm in the population of Wenling community was 6.87% (146/2 124), among which the morbidities in males and females were 48.63% (n=71) and 51.37% (n=75) respectively; the mean age of patients was (41.2±11.6) years old. The accompanying diseases included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis and cerebrovascular lesions. 3D-TOF MRA examination revealed 149 intracranial aneurysms, among which misdiagnosis was made in 5 patients and missed diagnosis in 2 patients. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 3D-TOF MRA in diagnosing intracranial aneurysm were 98.63% (144/146), 99.72%(1 773/1 778) and 99.67%(2 117/2 124) respectively. No statistically significant difference in measuring the longitudinal diameter and neck width of intracranial aneurysms existed between 3D-TOF MRA and 3D-DSA examinations (P>0.05). Conclusion In detecting intracranial aneurysm, 3D-TOF MRA carries higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, and its non-invasive advantage is more suitable for the screening of intracranial aneurysms.