Objective To test the hypothesis that calpain 10 gene (CAPN 10) contributes to the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.Methods Case control study. PCR RFLP method was used to determine the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of SNP43 polymorphism (G/A) and SNP 19 polymorphism (1/2) in the intron 3 of calpain 10 gene in 211 type 2 diabetes patients and 127 normal control subjects. Results The frequency of "G" allele of the SNP43 in type 2 diabetes patients was significantly increased as compared with that in the control subjects (91.9% vs 85.8%, P =0.01). The distribution of allele and genotype frequency of the SNP19 (1/2) polymorphism were equal in diabetes and control groups.In addition, we also observed the association between GG genotype and increased body mass index and waist to hip ratio in the control group.Conclusion This study suggested that calpain 10 gene may contribute to the genetic susceptibility of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.

In this study, a Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) Bama miniature pig herd was established.The standards for breeding experimental pigs, genetic test and microbiological quality control had been drafted.The local standards of Heilongjiang province SPF technical specifications for microbiological monitoring of pigs had been formulated.The genetic and microbiological quality criterion had been used to control of the SPF pig herd.Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection models of Bama miniature pigs were established, especially the infection miniature pig model of PRRSV was used to evaluated commercially vaccine.The comparison of the cytokine homology between Bama miniature pigs and domestic pigs showed that the Bama miniature pigs can be used to instead of domestic pigs as an ideal experiental animal.At present the SPF Bama miniature pig colonies have been widely used to study the mechanism of prevention and pathogenic in the classical swine fever virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine circovirus and so on.The completion of the project solved the bottleneck problem of the experimental pig usage which provided a new ideal experimental animal for animal disease and life science research.

Objective To analyze the changes and gender differences of organ coefficients, intestinal length and body size of SJ5-SPF chickens at different weeks of age,and to provide experimental data for the sex selection of laboratory chickens. Methods The body weight,the weight of 15 main organs,and length of 5 main segments of intestine and the 6 main parameters of body size of SJ5-SPF chickens at the age of 4,20,25 and 40 weeks were measured,respectively,and the organ coefficients were calculated. In addition, the gender differences in body weights, organ coefficients, intestinal lengths and body sizes between the female and male SJ5-SPF chickens at the four different weeks of age were compared, respectively. Results There were significant differences in body weights between the male and female SJ5-SPF chickens at each of the four different weeks of age(P < 0.01). The organ coefficients varied between females and males to different extents at different weeks of age. As for the intestinal length,there were no significant differences in the length of jejunum and ileum as well as rectum between the male and female chickens, while the length of duodenum, left cecum and right cecum showed gender differences at some of the four different weeks of age. During the determination of body size, there were gender differences in body length,shank length,pelvic width,chest depth and chest width at two or three of the four different weeks of age. Conclusions The organ coefficients, intestinal length and body size of SJ5-SPF chickens are affected by both their age and gender.

Objective To study the effect of age and sex on physiological and biochemical indexes of SJ5-SPF chickens at the age of different weeks. Methods Blood biochemical indexes of SJ5-SPF chickens at the age of different weeks were measured using an automatic blood analyzer, including 19 items: ALT, ALP, GGT, AST, LDH, TP, GLB, ALB, TB, DB, IBIL, GLU, TG, TCH, BUN, CRE, K+, Na+, and Ca2+. At the same time, the body temperature (T), respiratory frequency (R), heart rate (HR), diastolic pressure (DBP) and systolic pressure (SBP) of the SJ5-SPF chickens were measured using a RM6240C multi-channel physiological signal acquisition and processing system. Results (1) Among the physiological parameters, the body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure showed significant differences between the 4-week old chickens and the chickens at ages of 20, 25, and 25 weeks (P ＜ 0. 05), but there were significant differences between the males and females at the same weeks of age except body temperature. The diastolic blood pressure was only significantly different in the 40-week old male and female chickens (P ＜ 0. 01). The heart rates showed significant differences between the male and female chickens at 4, 20 and 25 weeks of age (P ＜ 0. 01). The respiratory rate and systolic blood pressure in the 4-week old male and female chickens were significantly different (P ＜ 0. 05). (2) The 19 blood biochemical indexes showed significant differences between the male and female chickens: the GGT, ALT, AST, TB, DB, IBIL, GLU, BUN and Na+at an week-age (P＜ 0. 05), the LDH, TP, GLB, ALB and CRE at two different week-ages (P＜ 0. 05), the ALP, TG and Ca2+at three different week-ages (P＜ 0. 05), and the TCH and K+at four different week-ages (P＜ 0. 05). Conclusions The above results can provide a scientific basis for diagnosis of SJ5-SPF chicken disease, animal quarantine and other related research.

Background: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), caused by the PPR virus (PPRV), is an acute and fatal contagious disease that mainly infects goats, sheep, and other artiodactyls.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are considered the primary innate immune cells. Objectives: PBMCs derived from goats were infected with PPRV and analyzed to detect the relationship between PPRV replication and apoptosis or the inflammatory response. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify PPRV replication and cytokines expression. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis and the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+T cells after PPRV infection. Results: PPRV stimulated the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In addition, PPRV induced apoptosis in goat PBMCs. Furthermore, apoptosis and the inflammatory response induced by PPRV could be suppressed by Z-VAD-FMK and Z-YVAD-FMK, respectively.Moreover, the virus titer of PPRV was attenuated by inhibiting caspase-1-dependent apoptosis and inflammation. Conclusions This study showed that apoptosis and the inflammatory response play an essential role in PPR viral replication in vitro, providing a new mechanism related to the cell host response.

Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia , also called Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED), is a kind of autosomal dominant disease mainly involved in long diaphysis , characterized as progressive and symmetric cortical thickening as well as low prevalence.The pathogenic gene of the disease is TGFB 1 located in 19q13, resulting in abnormal bone metabolism.We report a young woman suffering from CED , mainly presented as decreased visual acuity , chronic high intracranial pressure and skull damages by cerebral angiography.The digital subtraction angiography revealed the right transverse sinus stenosis .We first revealed a CED patient with chronic high intracranial pressure caused by sinus stenosis , and selected intravascular therapy for the sinus stenosis.

The 2023 China Health Report on Spine Degeneration noted a significant increase in lumbar surgery among patients under 35 years old in recent years, indicating a trend towards younger onset of cervical and lumbar diseases. Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation has become a major concern, making the study of disc degeneration pathogenesis and treatment methods clinically significant. At present, human intervertebral disc diseases are primarily diagnosed through imaging due to the challenges of obtaining tissue samples from the spine. Therefore, experimental animals have emerged as alternative research subjects because they are cost-effective, have short experimental cycles, and are easily accessible. Given the structural and physiological differences between human and other animal intervertebral discs, comparing their anatomy and histological characteristics forms the foundation of research into human disc degeneration. The purpose of this paper is to collect and review relevant studies on anatomical and histological structures of intervertebral discs in different animals and conduct a comparative analysis from four aspects, namely, intervertebral disc height, lumbar disc geometry, lumbar disc cartilaginous endplate characteristics, and extracellular matrix components. The results show that humans, kangaroos, sheep, pigs, and rats exhibit similar relative heights between the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae. Mice possess lumbar disc geometries most akin to humans. Compared to other animals, humans have the thickest cartilaginous endplates and the lowest cell densities. The collagen within the fibrous annulus differs most notably in pigs compared to humans, while water content in the nucleus pulposus is consistent across pigs, sheep, rabbits, rats, and humans. Additionally, this paper describes the commonalities and discrepancies in disc degeneration manifestations between humans and animals, and summarizes modeling methods for disc degeneration in different experimental animals. Ultimately, the aims of this paper is to provide fundamental data for selecting suitable experimental animal models for the study of intervertebral disc degeneration.